• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Today the use of RFID is extended in medical. circulation market, manufacture, security field, etc. Besides, the book-lending and the attendance management system are on an increasing trend in the use of RFID The developed dormitory management system is composed of a support program, a room management program, a manager program, and a mobile program etc.. In the support program a student(or a manager) can see his(or all member's) entrance and exit history. The room management program decides whether a student can enter the dormitory or not and manages the use of the power after or inquiring a RFID's input tag information into database server. The manager program is able to input and modify a room state and the fixtures information in the room required to operate the room management program, to set up and retrieve a student's entrance and exit information and a room state information. The mobile program enables a manager to check student's identity whether he is in or out, and the manager can know the personal information of being out in detail.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.3
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• pp.278-287
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• 2013

Modern information technologies continue to provide industries with new and improved methods. With the rapid development of Machine to Machine (M2M) communication, a smart container supply chain management is formed based on high performance sensors, computer vision, Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, and Globle System for Mobile (GSM) communication. Existing supply chain management has limitation to real time container tracking. This paper focuses on the studies and implementation of real time container chain management with the development of the container identification system and automatic alert system for interrupts and for normal periodical alerts. The concept and methods of smart container modeling are introduced together with the structure explained prior to the implementation of smart container tracking alert system. Firstly, the paper introduces the container code identification and recognition algorithm implemented in visual studio 2010 with Opencv (computer vision library) and Tesseract (OCR engine) for real time operation. Secondly it discusses the current automatic alert system provided for real time container tracking and the limitations of those systems. Finally the paper summarizes the challenges and the possibilities for the future work for real time container tracking solutions with the ubiquitous mobile and satellite network together with the high performance sensors and computer vision. All of those components combine to provide an excellent delivery of supply chain management with outstanding operation and security.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.75-91
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• 2015

This study aims to analyse the U-City characteristics through the U-City historical mapping. The U-City characteristics were analysed by building the U-City historical map in terms of STIM model which consists of service, technology, infrastructure and management. The data for analysis is the National Informatization White Paper published by the NIA (National Information Society Agency) from 2002 to 2013. As a result, first, the U-City service were evolved from administration informatization, enterprise informatization, administration/living informatization and administration/space/private informatization through the intelligence facilities and space. Second, the U-City technology were changed through wire network, sensor/network, processing/super-highway network, convergence of network/security. Third, the U-City infrastructure have had evolutionary process such as wire computer network, wire/wireless network, intellectualization facility and intelligent facility space. Forth, the U-City management were carried out with making the unit network/infrastructure management, information connection/operating management and information integration/participation management. Therefore, the history of U-City has been making rapid development in government computerization, computer oriented society, information city and ubiquitous city.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.5 s.108
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• pp.541-548
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• 2006

Sensor network is a network for realizing the ubiquitous computing circumstances, which aggregates data by means of observation or detection deployed at the inaccessible places with the capacities of sensing and communication. To realize this circumstance, data which sensor nodes gathered from sensor networks are delivered to users, in which it is required to encrypt the data for the guarantee of secure communications. Therefore, it is needed to design key management scheme for encoding appropriate to the sensor nodes which feature continual data transfer, limited capacity of computation and storage and battery usage. We propose a key management scheme which is appropriate to sensor networks organizing hierarchical architecture. Because sensor nodes send data to their parent node, we can reduce routing energy. We assume that sensor nodes have different security levels by their levels in hierarchy. Our key management scheme provides different key establishment protocols according to the security levels of the sensor nodes. We reduce the number of sensor nodes which share the same key for encryption so that we reduce the damage by key exposure. Also, we propose key update protocols which take different terms for each level to update established keys efficiently for secure data encoding.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.64-72
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• 2009

AMR(Automatic Meter Reading), which means that it reads the meter of electricity, gas, or water, etc at a remote place automatically through wired or wireless communication, has been studied in terms of Power Line Communication method and Local Area Wireless Communication method, etc. In this paper, we designed and implemented JCA(Java Card for AMR) capable of AMR, which is based on java Card technology indispensable to the ubiquitous world. In this paper, JCA follows standard transactional procedures offered by power supply company and manages power usage log and billing data, and is designed in order to satisfy EMV multi-functional specifications. Because JCA is a multi-functional smart card capable of post-issuance applets as an open platform, it is installed into other applications of affiliated concerns as well as credit card and traffic card applications. Not only the proposed JCA is a low cost system, compared to other AMR systems, but is capable of paying rates in advance or later by applying authentication and security function of java Card. In addition the proposed JCA system can create value added services such as affiliated services with corporate alliance.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2020

The Internet of things (IoT) has been applied to a variety of industrial uses such as public service sectors, medical industries, automotive industries, and so on. Led by smart cities, this is typical. However, from a logistics perspective, the level of application is insufficient. This study examines the applicability of IoT-related technology in a container terminal, an object of the present invention, to derive an applicable plan. Analytic network process (ANP) analysis reveals the following results for IoT applications in container terminals: operating systems (26.7%), safety/environmental/security systems (26.4%), equipment maintenance systems (25.3%), and facility maintenance systems (21.6 %). The second ANP analysis reveals the following results: Economy (40.2%), productivity (21.1%), service level (19.5%), and utilizing technology level (19.2%). The application or standard of evaluation is important when applying IoT technology to container terminals; however, it is not concentrated in a certain area. It is desirable to build each container system with linkage and efficiency from a macroscopic view.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.22-32
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• 2010

Increasingly advanced Information Technology (IT) has changed the operator so as to create more diversified and advanced traffic information demand. To deal with the changing demand in private sector, a concept of on-demand traffic information has been rapidly introduced. However VMS, a product of the first generation of ITS, which was designed to provide the unspecified individuals during driving the car with the basic level of traffic information by the public failed to actively change itself in such a changing pattern. This study was intended to describe the VMS system (tentatively, FM-VMS) which was further developed to accommodate the needs favoring the sophisticated PDA with the public role of providing the unspecified individuals with the equal information. FM-VMS introduced in this study is the device designed to transmit the voice and message to the drivers through the radio information device mounted on a car. A core technology is, unlike FM-DARC and RDS, the Water Making technology which directly inserts the digital signal into FM frequency in use. It's been currently used for broadcasting and security purpose. A detection rate as a result of testing FM-VMS system using Water Making technology was 90% or more in voice and message within 20m from test VMS. When a public-developed VMS information could be transmitted using FM frequency to the relatively vulnerable users (vulnerable to traffic information) in voice on a real-time basis to provide the regional traffic information, and furthermore, VMS message could be received through radio liquid using FM frequency only, it would obviously bring about the innovation in ITS as well as pave the way for creating the new added value down the road.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.255-258
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• 2011

Wi-Fi is a rapidly spreading communications network with Smart phone's publication, the technology has become Ubiquitous-based core network which is connected to personal computers, laptops, and tablet PC. Wi-Fi can send currently a variety of data standard due to developed wireless LAN communications network. One of Wi-Fi standard protocols, which is IEEE 802.11n, use 2.4GHz and 5GHz band. 2.4GHz band is used for 802.11b/g protocol because wavelength is long, diffraction and receiving distance is enough to connect other device. 5GHz band has more available channels to use than 2.4GHz band, so there is no frequency interference of other wireless device such as Bluetooth, RFID. Moreover, there is low interference between channels due to small users in each bandwidth level. In the thesis, we are going to analyze 802.11a/b/g protocol which has used since the beginning of Wi-Fi protocol and 802.11n protocol which is used lately. Furthermore, we look into development and direction for standardization of the next generation wireless LANs which are 802.11ac and 802.11ad. In addition, we will consider for the security, vulnerabilities and its countermeasure in Wireless LAN.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.238-240
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• 2006

네트워크상에서 발생하는 다양한 형태의 대량의 데이터를 정확하고 효율적으로 분석하기 위해 설계되고 있는 마이닝 시스템들은 목표지향적으로 훈련데이터들을 어떻게 구축하여 다룰 것인지에 대한 문제보다는 대부분 얼마나 많은 데이터 마이닝 기법을 지원하고 이를 적용할 수 있는지 등의 기법에 초점을 두고 있다. 따라서, 점점 더 에이전트화, 분산화, 자동화 및 은닉화 되는 최근의 보안공격기법을 정확하게 탐지하기 위한 방법은 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 유비쿼터스 환경 내에서 발생 가능한 문제 중 복잡하고 지능화된 침입패턴의 탐지를 위해 데이터 마이닝 기법과 결함허용방법을 이용하는 개선된 학습알고리즘과 후처리 방법에 의한 RTPID(Refinement Training and Post-processing for Intrusion Detection)시스템을 제안한다. 본 논문에서의 RTPID 시스템은 active learning과 post-processing을 이용하여, 네트워크 내에서 발생 가능한 침입형태들을 정확하고 효율적으로 다루어 분석하고 있다. 이는 기법에만 초점을 맞춘 기존의 데이터마이닝 분석을 개선하고 있으며, 특히 제안된 분석 프로세스를 진행하는 동안 능동학습방법의 장점을 수용하여 학습효과는 높이며 비용을 감소시킬 수 있는 자가학습방법(self learning)방법의 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 이는 관리자의 개입을 최소화하는 학습방법이면서 동시에 False Positive와 False Negative 의 오류를 매우 효율적으로 개선하는 방법으로 기대된다. 본 논문의 제안방법은 분석도구나 시스템에 의존하지 않기 때문에, 유사한 문제를 안고 있는 여러 분야의 네트웍 환경에 적용될 수 있다.더욱 높은성능을 가짐을 알 수 있다.의 각 노드의 전력이 위험할 때 에러 패킷을 발생하는 기법을 추가하였다. NS-2 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 실험을 한 결과, 제안한 기법이 AOMDV에 비해 경로 탐색 횟수가 최대 36.57% 까지 감소되었음을 알 수 있었다.의 작용보다 더 강력함을 시사하고 있다.TEX>로 최고값을 나타내었으며 그 후 감소하여 담금 10일에는 $1.61{\sim}2.34%$였다. 시험구간에는 KKR, SKR이 비교적 높은 값을 나타내었다. 무기질 함량은 발효기간이 경과할수록 증하였고 Ca는 $2.95{\sim}36.76$, Cu는 $0.01{\sim}0.14$, Fe는 $0.71{\sim}3.23$, K는 $110.89{\sim}517.33$, Mg는 $34.78{\sim}122.40$, Mn은 $0.56{\sim}5.98$, Na는 $0.19{\sim}14.36$, Zn은 $0.90{\sim}5.71ppm$을 나타내었으며, 시험구별로 보면 WNR, BNR구가 Na만 제외한 다른 무기성분 함량이 가장 높았다.O to reduce I/O cost by reusing data already present in the memory of other nodes. Finally, chunking and on-line compression mechanisms are included in both models. We demonstrate that we can obtain significantly high-performanc