• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2018

Decrease in seawater temperature during winter is one of the most important and serious issues confronted by fish net-cage aquaculture farms. This can become the cause of the manifestation of diseases and ensuing mass mortality. The present study was conducted to assess the survival rate, the range of limited low-temperature, the response of oxidative stress in the blood of red sea bream Pagrus major with decrease of water temperature. Low-lethal temperature for 7 days of P. major ($7day-LT_{50}$) was $6.54^{\circ}C$ (confidence limit: $6.31{\sim}6.71^{\circ}C$). Oxygen consumption rate was decreased with lower temperature. It showed the minimum value at the range of low-lethal temperature. Osmolality at $5^{\circ}C$ and $6^{\circ}C$ experimental group was higher significantly than control group. SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity was increased significantly at $5^{\circ}C$ experimental group compared to control group. This study data will be used to determine the appropriate area for aquaculture of red sea bream. It also manage fish net-cage farm to cope with the mass mortality occurring frequently during winter season.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.40-55
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• 2013

This study aims to suggest a way for temple food to take a differentiated position in the foodservice industry along with providing useful data for efficient management of temple food. To do this, it examines what influence the characteristics of temple food has on satisfaction with the food and verifies how the types of religion adjust the relationships between the characteristics and the satisfaction. The consumers who frequent temple food restaurants in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were selected as the sample for this study, and a survey was conducted to those over the age of 20 via self-administered questionnaire from May 1st to June 30th, 2012. A total of 500 copies were distributed and 476 copies were selected as suitable from 488 copies collected for reliability and factor analyses using SPSS 18.0. The proposed research hypotheses were verified with a regression analysis and a multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristics of temple food have a positive influence on satisfaction with the food. Their subordinate factors such as situation, function, and consistency have positive(+) effects on the satisfaction. Next, it shows that religion does not play a regulatory role in the relationships between the characteristics of temple food and satisfaction with the food.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.615-623
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic power of caries activity test using LED fluorescence. The subjects of this study were 55 children of $6{\sim}7$ years old. LED light were irradiated to labial or buccal surface of all teeth. Fluorescence from initial carious lesion of teeth illuminated by an LED light was observed through barrier filter and the number of teeth showing lesion, size and position of lesion were counted. Streptococcus mutans colony counting and dDfFtT rate test were also done and their correlation was compared. And then specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic power of optical caries activity test using LED light were evaluated. 1. There was positive $correlation({\gamma}=0.43)$ between LED fluorescence test and Streptococcus mutans count(P<0.05). 2. When visual examination was defined to standard testing method, the specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic power of LED fluorescence test were 100%, 76.1%, and 100%. 3. When dDfFtT rate was defined to standard testing method, the specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic power of LED fluorescence test were 88.9%, 47.8%, and 95.7%. 4. When S. mutans colony counting was defined to standard testing method, the specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic power of LED fluorescence test were 100%, 58.7%, and 100%. Considering the above results, optical caries activity test using LED light could be regarded as a practical method because of its close relationship with microbiological caries activity test.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social skill training on the class cohesiveness of Elementary School students. The experimental group received 12 times of the social skills training for 6 week period. And each training session which lasted for 40 minutes took place twice a week. A total of 59 5th grade students in randomly selected two classes of D Elementary School in N. Gyongsang participated in this study. They were divided into the two groups, again at random; an experimental group(N=30, Male=18, Female=12) and a control group(N=29, Male=15, Female=14). In this study, the class cohesiveness performance test reorganized into 20 items for the level of elementary students by Shin-suk Gang, was applied, after complemented. And, the collected data were analysed through SPSS 14.0. T-test was applied to find out the difference of the average between the experimental group and the control group and the average difference in the pre-and post-test of the experimental group alone, and to see whether the control group and the experimental group are homogeneous. The research design of this study is pre-and post-test control group design. The result of this study is as follows: The result of Independent t-test and Paried t-test on the cohesiveness score and sub-factor scores tells us that the experimental group which received the social skills training showed better achievement that deserves our attention compared to the control group. This result suggests that student's class cohesiveness(class atmosphere, mutual trust, morale, a sense of unity, communication) is positively affected by the social skill training. Accordingly, social skill training which develops class cohesiveness can be an effective strategy for elementary school students to make them more intimate and cooperative with their classmates.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2008

Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) phenomenon of low alloy carbon steels in nuclear power plant has been known as one of major degradation mechanisms. It has a potential to cause nuclear pipe rupture accident which may directly impact on the plant reliability and safety. Recently, the equipotential switching direct current potential drop (ES-DCPD) method has been developed, by the present authors, as a method to monitor wall loss in a piping. This method can rapidly monitor the thinning of piping, utilizing either the wide range monitoring (WiRM) or the narrow range monitoring (NaRM) technique. WiRM is a method to monitor wide range of straight piping, whereas NaRM focuses significantly on a narrow range such as an elbow. WiRM and NaRM can improve the reliability of the current FAC screening method that is based on computer modeling on fluid flow conditions. In this paper, the measurements by ES-DCPD are performed with signal sensitivity analyses in the laboratory environment for extended period and showed the viability of ES-DCPD for real plant applications.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2020

As performance-based design (PBD) has a direct impact on evacuation safety assessments, designing fire scenarios based on real fire tests is essential. To improve the reliability of the PBD for fire safety in multiplexes, information on fire behavior, such as heat release rate (HRR) and fire spread rate, are provided in this study by conducting a standard fabric flammability test. To this end, several chairs were arranged in a pattern that resembled a theater-style seating. The peak HRR and heating value per unit mass for each chair ranged from 415 kW to 988 kW and 15.2 MJ/kg to 23.8 MJ/kg, respectively. The heating values per unit mass of the new and old chairs were 23.6 MJ/kg and 16.7 MJ/kg, respectively. As the quantity of plastic and cushioning materials in the new chairs was more than that of the old ones, the new chairs were more vulnerable to fire hazards. Furthermore, when the chairs were arranged in a line, the fire spread rate was observed to be 0.39-0.42 m/min, regardless of the ignition location. Finally, a fire growth curve showing the peak HRR and fire spread rate was also demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for the Gifted Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.139-149
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 유아의 창의성과 아버지양육태도간의 관계를 비교 분석함으로서, 창의적인 유아의 아버지양육태도와 일반 유아의 아버지양육태도에는 어떤 차이가 있는지 알아보고 자녀양육에 있어서 창의적인 유아로 키울 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상은 울산광역시에 위치한 유치원 9곳의 만 5세 96명(창의적인 유아 40명, 일반 유아 56명)과 아버지 96명이었다. 유아의 창의성검사는 Torrance 창의력 도형검사를 사용하였고, 아버지양육태도검사는 이종승, 오성심(1982)이 제작한 질문지를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 10.0 for Windows를 사용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석을 실시하였고, 창의성과 아버지양육태도와의 차이를 알아보기 위해 독립표본 t-검증을 하였으며, 유아의 창의성과 아버지양육태도와의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 Pearson의 상관관계분석을 적용하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아간에 전반적 창의성점수에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 요인별로 분석시 유창성과 독창성, 개방성요인에서는 창의적인 유아가 일반 유아보다 유의하게 높았으며, 두 집단간 창의성에 있어서 성차는 없었다. 둘째, 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아의 아버지의 자녀창의성 인식에서는 전반적 독창성 점수에서도 유의한 차이가 있었으며 특히 유창성, 추상성, 정교성의 차원에서 인식의 차이를 보여 창의성수준을 부모들이 이해하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 창의적인 유아에 대한 아버지와 교사의 인식에서는 창의적인 유아의 아버지보다 현장에서 유아를 가르치는 교사가 인식하고 있는 유아의 창의성수준을 더 높게 평가하였다. 그러나 아버지와 교사간 평가의 상관은 유의하지 않았는데 이는 아버지의 평가수준이 매우 객관적인 것은 아님을 시사한다. 셋째, 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아 아버지 양육태도에서는 유의한 차이를 보였는데 특히 애정-적대요인과 자율-통제요인에서 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아간의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 유아의 창의성과 아버지 양육태도간의 상관관계분석결과 애정적 양육태도와 유창성, 독창성간의 상관이 유의하였다. 집단별 분석시 창의적인 유아를 둔 아버지의 양육태도와 유아의 창의성간에는 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 일반 유아의 아버지 양육태도와 유아의 창의성간의 상관에서는 아버지 양육태도의 성취-비성취 요인에서와 창의성제목의 추상성요인에서 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 창의성이 높은 아동의 아버지의 양육태도는 일반 유아의 아버지와 보다 더 애정적이며 자율성이 높지만 창의성이 높은 아동의 집단내에서 창의성에 특별한 영향을 더 미치는 아버지의 양육방식은 발견되지 않았다. 반면 일반 유아의 경우 아버지의 성취지향성이 낮을 때 자녀의 창의성을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 자녀의 창의성을 향상시키는 중요한 양육차원은 애정성이나 비성취지향성으로 나타나고 있어 정서적인 측면의 지원인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2014

In 3-dimensional (3D) integrated package, thermal management is one of the critical issues due to the high heat flux generated by stacked multi-functional chips in miniature packages. In this study, we used numerical simulation method to analyze the thermal behaviors, and investigated the thermal issues of 3D package using TSV (through-silicon-via) technology for mobile application. The 3D integrated package consists of up to 8 TSV memory chips and one logic chip with a interposer which has regularly embedded TSVs. Thermal performances and characteristics of glass and silicon interposers were compared. Thermal characteristics of logic and memory chips are also investigated. The effects of numbers of the stacked chip, size of the interposer and TSV via on the thermal behavior of 3D package were investigated. Numerical analysis of the junction temperature, thermal resistance, and heat flux for 3D TSV package was performed under normal operating and high performance operation conditions, respectively. Based on the simulation results, we proposed an effective integration scheme of the memory and logic chips to minimize the temperature rise of the package. The results will be useful of design optimization and provide a thermal design guideline for reliable and high performance 3D TSV package.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2017

Geographic Information System The geographic information system (GIS) has been limited to the government and some public sectors. Recently, the market has been diversified by combining with other areas such as mobile and CRM (Customer Relationship Management). The development direction of GIS technology in the 21st century is Web GIS, 3D GIS, mobile GIS, LBS, etc. as general technology for GIS application system development and spatial information service. In this study, we developed a new concept marking nail (a marking nail with built - in intelligent storage memory device) from the function of simple positioning of a marking nail related to a previously used underground item,, Burial depth, pipe thickness, piping material, management agency, contractor, contact, etc.) and store it in DB server, if necessary.Make it available in the right place. Through this research, it is possible to prevent and minimize various accidents caused by irregular excavation works, etc., and to provide information for establishing countermeasures related to sink holes. In order to provide systematic and reliable information on underground burial management, it was proposed to input information conveniently in the field, and the purpose was to reduce the incidence of buried underground pipes absolutely.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2004

In this paper, we have developed a portable acceleration measurement system to measure acceleration signals during walking and a gait analysis algorithm which can evaluate gait regularity and symmetry and estimate gait parameters automatically. Portable acceleration measurement system consists of a biaxial accelerometer, amplifiers, lowpass filter with cut-off frequency of 16Hz, one-chip microcontroller, EEPROM and RF(TX/RX) module. The algerian includes FFT analysis, filter processing and detection of main peaks. In order to develop the algorithm, eight hemiplegic patients for training set and the other eight hemiplegic patients for test set are participated in the experiment. Acceleration signals during 10m walking were measured at 60 samples/sec from a biaxial accelerometer mounted between L3 and L4 intervertebral area. The algorithm, detected foot contacts and classified right/left steps, and then calculated gait parameters based on these informations. Compared with video data and analysis by manual, algorithm showed good performance in detection of foot contacts and classification of right/left steps in test set perfectly. In the future, with improving the reliability and ability of the algerian so that calculate more gait Parameters accurately, this system and algerian could be used to evaluate improvement of walking ability in hemiplegic patients in clinical practice.