• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.8A
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• pp.612-617
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• 2012

Two phase control (PC) schemes using limited feedback are proposed for multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems. One PC scheme cophases channel gains with respect to the first transmit antenna channel gain, and the other PC scheme cophases channel gains by positioning all the channel gains into a fixed sector. We analyze the combined channel gain for both PC schemes, and find that the PC scheme that cophases with respect to the first transmit antenna channel gain provides 1.2 dB power gain over an orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC) when the number of transmit antennas is four and the number of feedback bits is three.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1057-1060
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• 2005

Noises from circuits components and interference with other circuits components generate the phase noise in voltage controlled oscillators (VCO). The effects of the random noise on the phase noise is depending on the instant when the noise enters the VCO. When the noise enters at the transition time of the output of VCO, the effect is most prominent. Using this time variable system, it is revealed that the power spectral density of phase noise of VCO is made of the integrated noise powers of frequency components slightly offset from the fundamental and harmonic frequencies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.44 no.2 s.314
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• pp.32-38
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• 2007

This paper represents a Doherty amplifier (DPA) with analog predistorter (PD) to improve the linearity of the DPA while preserving the high efficiency. A third-order PD cancels fifth-order intermodulation (IM5) as well as third-order intermodulation (IM3) components by their same phase difference in the PD and DPA. This is accomplished by independently controlling their phase by using the phase-controlled error generator in the PD. Also, we confirm the phase-control ability of the error generator experimentally with a simple and accurate phase measurement setup. For experimental verification, a third-order PD has been implemented and tested in a 180-W DPA at the wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) band of 2.11-2.17 GHz. Two-tone test results show that significant cancellation of IM3 and IM5 components can be obtained. For four-carrier WCDMA applications, significant adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) improvement is achieved over a wide range of output power levels. This technique is cost-effective and convenient due to its simple structure, compact size, and three control parameters.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.233-238
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• 2006

This paper provides a new topology optimization technique which is intended to maximize the fundamental frequency with simultaneous consideration of other natural frequencies in the form of multi-frequency problems. The modal strain energy is considered as the objective function to be minimized and the initial volume of structures is used as the constraint function. The resizing algorithm based on the optimality criteria is adopted to update the hole size existing inside the material. From numerical tests, the proposed technique is found to be very effective to maximize the fundamental frequency of the structure and it can also successfully consider several higher mode effects into the optimum topology of structure through the introduction of weights.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.84-90
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• 2010

In this paper, a novel voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using the harmonic control circuit based on the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines (TLs) is presented to reduce the phase noise without the reduction of the frequency tuning range and miniaturize the circuit size. The phase noise is reduced by the novel harmonic control circuit having the short impedances for the second- and third-harmonic components. The proposed harmonic control circuit is designed by using the CRLH TLs with the dual-band characteristic by the frequency offset and phase slope of the CRLH TLs. The high-Q resonator has been used to reduce the phase noise, but has the problem of the frequency tuning range reduction. However, the frequency tuning range of the proposed VCO has not been reduced because the phase noise has been reduced without the high-Q resonator. The miniaturization of the circuit size is achieved by using the CRLH TLs instead of the conventional right-handed (RH) TLs. The phase noise of VCO is -119.17 ~ -117.50 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range of 5.731 ~ 5.938 GHz.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2008

In this paper, a novel voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO) using the output matching network based on the harmonic control circuit is presented for improving the phase noise property. The phase noise suppression is achieved through the harmonic control circuit having the short impedances for both second-harmonic and third-harmonic components, which has been connected at the output matching network. Also, we have used the microstrip square open loop multiple split-ring resonator(OLMSRR) having the high-Q property to further reduce the phase noise of VCO. Because the output matching network based on the harmonic control circuit has been used for reducing the phase noise property instead of the High-Q resonator, we can obtain the broad tuning range by the low-Q resonator. The phase noise of the proposed VCO using the output matching network based on the harmonic control circuit and the microstrip square OLMSRR has been $-127.5{\sim}126.33$ dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz in the tuning range, $5.744{\sim}5.839$ GHz. Compared with the reference VCO using the output matching network without the harmonic control circuit and the microstrip line resonator, the phase noise property of the proposed VCO has been improved in 26.66 dB.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 1996

최근 진행파형 초음파 모터는 그 구조가 간단하고, 저속 고 토크이어서 직접 구동()용으로 많은 호응을 얻고 있다. 또한 응답이 빠르고, 정지 토크가 크며 설계자유도가 높을 뿐만 아니라 운전시 소음이 없고 자계에 강해 자동화 설비 분야 등 산업 전반에 걸쳐 매우 각광을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 모터의 2상 입력전원의 위상차를 조절하여 속도와 토크 특성을 이론적으로 고찰하고, 이를 토대로 위상차 제어기를 설계 제작하였다. 그리고 이를 이용하여 위상차 제어방식을 채용한 경우 초음파 모터의 위치 및 속도제어는 물론 간단한 알고리즘으로 토크 제어가 가능함을 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 검토하였다. 실험 결과 위상차 변화에 따라 속도가 토크가 거의 비례해서 변화하였다. 이것으로 전원 전압의 위상차 조절을 통해서 속도와 토크를 동시에 제어할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 토크센서 없이 각도 센선 만으로도 위치제어는 물론 토크 제어도 큰 오차 없이 행할 수 있음을 밝혔다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.37-45
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• 1986

초음파 Hyperthermia를 이용한 치료는 정상세포에 열적 손상을 주지 않으면서 종양 부위만을 적당한 온도로 가열하여야 하며 따라서 종양세포와 정상세포에 대한 정확한 초음파 세기조절이 필요하 게 된다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 Hyperthermia 용 변환기로서 초점거리와 가열범위를 전자적으로 쉽게 조절할 수 있는 동심환 배열 변환기를 설계하였으며 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 통해 그 성능을 예측하였다. 설계된 변환기는 유효직경 118mm, 동작주파수 320kHz 이며 배열 요소의 수는 12개이다. 그리고 이와 같은 동심환 변환기를 동작시키기 위해 카운터를 이용한 디지털 위상 조절 회로를 설계 제작하였으며, 실험 결과, 위상차를 갖는 신호를 발생시킬 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

We report on a transmittance controlled photomask with phase patterns on the back quartz surface. Theoretical analysis for changes in illumination pupil shape with respect to the variation of size and density of backside phase patterns and experimental results for improvement of critical dimension uniformity on a wafer by using the transmittance controlled photomask are presented. As phase patterns for controlling transmittance of the photomask we used etched contact-hole type patterns with 180" rotative phase with respect to the unetched region. It is shown that pattern size on the backside of the photomask must be made as small as possible in order to keep the illumination pupil shape as close as possible to the original pupil shape and to achieve as large an illumination intensity drop as possible at a same pattern density. The distribution of illumination intensity drop suitable for correcting critical dimension error was realized by controlling pattern density of the contact-hole type phase patterns. We applied this transmittance controlled photomask to a critical layer of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) having a 140nm design rule and could achieve improvement of the critical dimension uniformity value from 24.0 nm to 10.7 nm in 3$\sigma$.TEX>.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.345-346
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• 2008