• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.131-152
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• 2018

In terms of the fact that Innovation School is the main agent which encourages the innovation of school culture, As it has been ten years since the Innovation School was enforced, we do need a practical, indepth study on the quality of policy management. To make this actualize, this study is for analysis and comparison of basic values and operating evaluation plans which have been managed by Metropolitan City Office of Education(MCOE) & Provincial Office of Education(POE). Each of MCOE & POE have their own vision. Those visions are such things; 'Education for All' for Gangwon, Busan, Chungbuk. 'Future School Orientation' for Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam. 'Educational Community Realization' for Gwangju, Seoul, Ulsan, Jeonbuk, Jeju. 'Normalization of Public Education' for Sejong, Incheon, Chungnam. Like such things, each office possesses different vision by their distinct characteristics and in principle, all emphasis on publicness, democracy, and creativity. Management evaluations of the Innovation School is operated by Self-assessment, Intermediate evaluation, and Extensive assessment. The process and evaluation index of Intermediate evaluation and Extensive assessment are similar. Especially, Those assessment have significance in a role of administrating its management of each school and a role of offering associated documents of educational policy with educational renovations with feedback and some good examples.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical, radiological and histopathological results after microfracture surgery for degenerative arthritis of the knee. Materials and Methods: From Oct. 1997 to Dec. 1998, 48 knees in 46 patients were treated by microfracture technique. Their mean age at the time of operation was 56 years(range, 40-75 years) and mean period of follow-up study was one year(range, 7-20 months). For 24 knees in 22 patients, 'second-look' arthroscopies and biopsies were performed at 6 months following microfracture. At the last follow up clinical results were evaluated with Baumgaertner's scale. The specimens of 24 cases were stained with H-E, Safranin-O, and Masson's trichrome. Eighteen of 24 cases were stained immunohistochemically and the Western blotting test was performed on 12 cases for type II collagen. We analyzed the relationship of the Western blotting for type II collagen with clinical score, preoperative varus deformity, joint space widening in radiological result, extent of repaired articular cartilage in '2nd-look' arthroscopic findings, patient's age and weight. Results: Clinical results were excellent in 90% and good in 10%. Among the 24 knees, more than 80% of areas of chondral defect were covered with regenerated cartilage in 21 knees Histologically, the repaired tissue appears to be a hybrid of hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. Repaired cartilage contains variable amounts of type II collagen with immunohistochemical staining. The results of the Western blotting test were similar. The amounts of type II collagen formation had positive correlation with the extent of repaired cartilage and preoperative varus deformity. Conclusion: 'Second-look' showed that the chondral defect areas were covered with newly grown grayish white tissue. Articular cartilage repair was confirmed with histological and immunohisto-chemical study qualitatively, and the amount of type II collagen was calculated with the Western blotting test quantitatively. The exact nature and fate of repaired cartilagenous tissues need further long term follow-up study. The results of this study provide the rationale to select osteoarthritic patients indicated for microfracture surgery.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.401-414
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper was to diagnose the current status of educational use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in school. Based on the survey results, the direction for the educational use of information and communication technology was suggested. The findings were the use of ICT for teaching and learning activities were quite low in schools. The equipments for ICT were becoming out-dated quickly requiring replacement with new ones. The maintenance and operation of the equipments require additional funds that are not sufficient in most schools. There were quite limited number of educational software and a quality of CD-ROM titles. The infrastructures for developing and supplying educational software were poorly structured. The following policies were suggested: Establishing an efficient system for supplying equipments for ICT to schools; Constructing an effective infrastructure for developing and supplying educational software to teachers and students; Developing practical and effective teacher training programs; And funding schools for the maintenance of educational use of ICT.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5121-5131
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate competency and employ ability of labor market for college students who are majoring in sports and recreation studies. It was revealed that the stanine score 2 achievement is 1 college, the stanine score 3 achievement is 11 colleges, the stanine score 4 achievement is 32 colleges, the stanine score 5 achievement is 15 colleges, and the stanine score 6 achievement is 5 colleges. This result indicated that the colleges locating in large cities or providing with certification of the secondary school teaching are performed highly academic achievement record. In an analysis of competency test among students who are majoring in sports & recreation, or physical education, the mean scores of physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and management competencies among the students are 3.88, 3.61, 3.52, 3.30, and 3.21, respectively. This study is about preparation: getting it right at the beginning; giving the right training and educating to the right people to create an effective workforce for the delivery of sports and recreation market. This understanding, can be used as a guide to policies and possible actions related to training and recruitment.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1999

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and histological results of the osteoarthritic patients who had second look arthroscopy after microfracture surgery. Materials and Methods : From Oct. 1997 to Dec. 1998, 46 patients, 48 knees were treated by microfracture technique. In the 22 patients, 24 knees, 'second-look' arthroscopies and biopsies were performed at 6 months following microfracture. Three patients were men and 19 patients were women. Average age of the patients were 58 years (range, 40-75 years). The average follow up period was 12 months(7-20 months). We analysed clinical results according to the nine-point scale. Also we observed type II collagen formation with immunohistochemical staining. Results : Clinical results were excellent in 83% and good in 17%. Among the 24 knees, more than 80% areas of chondral defect were covered with regenerated cartilage in 21 knees. Histologically, the regenerated tissue appears to be a hybrid of hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. Regenerated cartilage contains variable amount of type II collagen with immunohistochemical staining. Conclusion : Most of the patients had significant improvement clinically. 'Second-look' showed that the chondral defect areas were covered with newly grown grayish white tissue. Microfracture in the full thickness chondral defect provides and enriched environment for cartilaginous tissue regeneration.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.62-86
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• 2009

The major purpose of this study is to contribute to activating the career education. To realize the goal, the study has investigated and analyzed an actual condition of the career instruction, which was conducted by the after-school class in the vocational high school. Based on such a research, it has also diagnosed the problems and suggested the plans in order to improve the troubles and manage the career instruction effectively. There are some summarized results of the study as follows. First, Students hope that as well. Students tend to prefer the career educational program for subject-related further study, career experience courses and getting certificates of qualification in order to choose their proper job. Second, the career instruction of after-school in the vocational school focuses on the entrance of universities and gaining certificates of qualification. Third, students have participated in the career educational program to enter the universities and get some certificates of qualification. Forth, teachers have considered the overwork of teachers attributed to the program and the lack of the cost as a major factor to interrupt the effective progress of the program. Finally, most teachers and students hope to have the program after school during weekday.Therefore, for more effective management of career education in the after-school of the vocational high school, the administrative and financial support should be required, and it is necessary to have good qualified teachers and consistently keep investing the funds in improving the program.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.941-946
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• 2015

Photoaging is the main extrinsic aging factor that is induced due to UVB. Many studies have revealed that application of hyaluronic acid to the skin is effective in healing photoaging. However, the effect of hyaluronic acid through oral administration is unclear. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect on skin photoaging after oral administration of hyaluronic acid. During a ten week study, hyaluronic acid was fed to hairless mice, which were illuminated by UV radiation. After ten weeks, wrinkle indicator and histological changes were determined. Compared with the control group, the sample group had a decrease in wrinkle depth, thickness, and number. Especially, the HA 160 mg/kg group had a similar value of wrinkle depth ($19.44{\pm}0.75{\mu}m$), number ($654.00{\pm}98.34$), and thickness ($1.35{\pm}0.08mm$), when compared with the RA (retinoic acid) group ($19.28{\pm}0.95{\mu}m$, $653.57{\pm}83.54$, and $1.34{\pm}0.07mm$ respectively). Also, the treated group showed improved elastosis and decreased collagen degradation resulting from UV irradiation. Thus, we can conclude that hyaluronic acid has a positive effect in improving skin photoaging induced by UV radiation. Hyaluronic acid therefore has the potential to be an ingredient in skin health function foods.

• The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction (JLCCI)
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.729-756
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• 2018

This study investigated how quality outdoor play is implemented in preschools in England and Finland. The four preschools in each country which were known as high quality in terms of outdoor play were selected as samples. The researcher visited these institutions twice, once in warm season and once in cold season as the outdoor play is implemented differently according to the weather and seasons. She observed children's outdoor play, the environment of outdoor areas, resources and materials provided, the management of outdoor areas in terms of time and space. She also interviewed with the educators in order to find out their perspectives on the importance and values of outdoor play. The results showed that the outdoor areas of these preschools were characterized as 'towards nature', and the outdoor play was implemented for 'wellbeing and health'. The outdoor areas were opened in all weathers and risky play was allowed. However, challenges and safety were co-existed by achieving balance between proper safety check and challenging and risky play. They pursuit the integration of indoor and outdoor activities, beyond just simple outdoor play, through constitution of a variety of areas and various resources and materials in outdoor environment. They encouraged children's autonomy and independence through child-initiative play and activities among children by regarding children's interests and choices. In preschools in our country, we need to consider these characteristics of outdoor play in England and Finland in order to promote children's wellbeing and health, connection and extension of indoor and outdoor play and activities, children's initiatives, imagination, creativity, and problem-solving capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.608-614
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• 2013

We investigated the anti-wrinkle activity of an 80% ethanol extract of Curdrania tricuspidata leaves (CTL80) on ultraviolet-induced photoaging in hairless mice. Skin wrinkles were induced by 10 weeks of UVB-irradiation on the back of Skh-1 hairless mice three times a week. Mice were divided into ten groups; normal control (-UVB), UVB irradiated control group (+UVB), dietary groups (UVB+ascorbic acid 0.1%, UVB+CTL80 0.1%, UVB+CTL80 0.25%) and topical application groups (-UVB+base lotion (BL), UVB+BL, UVB+ascorbic acid 1%+BL, UVB+CTL80 1%+BL, UVB+CTL80 2%+BL). Wrinkle formation, histological changes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9) were analyzed. Wrinkles for the +UVB groups formed as a pattern of deep furrows and thick crests. Wrinkles with CTL80 treatment formed as a pattern of shallow furrows and thin crests, with wrinkle areas were lower than the +UVB group. In an antioxidant analysis of mouse blood, SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly higher in the CTL80 topical application group compared to the +UVB group. The mRNA expression of MMPs in the +UVB group was significantly higher than the normal control group, and significantly lower in the CTL80-treated group. In conclusion, CTL80 exerted anti-wrinkle activity on ultraviolet-induced photoaging by regulating antioxidative defense systems and MMPs expression.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2017

The youth unemployment problem has become a consistent issue with the number recently surpassing 1million. The marine and fisheries sector, being no exception, is having problems attracting outstanding individuals to the sector on the one hand, and in providing high quality jobs on the other, resulting in an imbalance in the supply and demand of the marine and fisheries sector workforce. In order to supply a workforce that meets the future and on the ground demands, addressing of the qualitative rather than the quantitative aspects of the imbalance issue is more important. Thus, the following strategies are recommended: 1) focus on developing a highly skilled workforce that corresponds to future and on the ground demands; 2) improve educational infrastructures such as training equipment, and enhance the professional capacity of school teachers; 3) establish an integrated system for the management of the education and re-education of human resources.