• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

The embryonic and postembryonic developments of Nezara antennata Scott were observed in 5 different rearing cages such as A (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;10cm{\times}4cm$), B (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;14.5cm{\times}2.8cm$), C (Rectangle, $6.5L{\times}6.5cmW{\times}10cmH$), D (Cylindrical, ${\phi}$ 9cm in bottom & ${\phi}$ 11.5 cm in $upper{\times}10.8cm$) and E (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;15cm{\times}7.5cm$) containing soybean and peanut seeds as food, and sponge soaked with water under laboratory condition of $24^{\circ}C$ and 15L : 9D. Hatchability ranged from 93 to 97%. Nymphal duration was shortest of 6 days in the 1st instar and longest of 10 days in the 5th instar. The nymphal duration was 38 to 39 days observed in the rearing cages. Emergence rate was in the range from 53 to 62% with highest in A and B cages. Adult longevity was 65 to 75 days for male, and 67 to 74 days for female, and was longest in the B cage. Total number of eggs laid by female adult was in the range from 51 to 56 without significant difference in the rearing cages, and was the most in the B cage. Accordingly, the reproductive rate of N. antennata for 1 generation was within 25 to 33 times, and was highest in the B rearing cage. Therefore, it could be concluded that B cage is most suitable for stable rearing of N. antennata under laboratory condition.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2004

This study was performed to provide basic quality characteristics data of Kimchi by storage containers that will be applied for Kimchi storage container development of new material. In all storage containers, pH was decreased with increased storage days, while acidity was increased with increased storage days, The changes of pH and acidity by storage containers were alumina < stainless < bio < plastic. Salt content was same to all containers. In all storage containers, reducing sugars of Kimchi at first were 22.65${\pm}$0.04$\^$a/ mg/mL. But as these of alumina, stainless, bio and plastic at storage after 31 days were 11.18${\pm}$0.15$\^$a/ mg/mL, 5.39${\pm}$0.02$\^$b/, 3.74${\pm}$0.10$\^$c/, and 3.14${\pm}$0.02$\^$d/ mg/mL, respectively. The hardness, cohesiveness and gumminess of Kimchi by storage containers decreased with increased storage days. And the changes ratio of these were alumina < stainless < bio < plastic. The desirable organoleptic characteristic such as sourness, fresh cabbage taste and firmness were long time maintained at alumina container A significant evidence was detected that the alumina container showed less quality change than that of bio, stainless and plastic containers as storage days increased.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.646-655
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of Kimchi during fermentation and storage according to containers with native plant extract. The containers used in the experiment were antimicrobial polypropylene containers(KAPP) developed with the addition of native plant extracts, and it was tested by comparing the microbial changes and sensory characteristics of the existing commercial containers, such as polypropylene containers(KPP), stainless steel containers(KST), and porcelain containers(KPC). Change in total microbial cell were similar for each container. Coliform maintained the lowest level from 15 days after storage to 50 days. Leuconostoc spp. and Lactobacillus spp. showed a rapid increase in all four storage containers until the 15th day of storage and then decreased. The KAPP container maintained its highest level. The sensory evaluation was carried out on Kimchi optimal condition(storage 40 days). The sensory scores of KAPP were generally higher than those of other experimental samples in characteristics of appearance, odor, taste and overall preference. As a result, KAPP container has an excellent antibacterial effect as compared with the three commercially available storage containers, is effective for fermentation of lactic acid.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.35-35
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• 1999

KSTAR NBI 장치의 진공용기와 Grid에 대하여 열 및 구조해석을 ANSYS 코드를 이용하여 수행하였다. 진공용기의 경우 진공용기 지지구조물을 최적화할 수 있는 구조형상에 관하여 연구하였고, Grid의 경우 Grid 형상 및 재료 특성에 중점을 두어 연구하였다. 또한 Electron Dump의 냉각수로의 위치 및 형상, 크기를 최적화시켰다. 이번 각 구조물의 최적화 연구에서 특히 중점을 둔 사항은 재료와 관련된 경제성이다. 진공용기에서 가장 문제가 되는 것은 용기의 크기에 따른 변형도이다. 진공용기의 Cryo-sorption 패널 배기속도는 30000 I/sec 이상이고, 진공 용기의 운전시 진공도는 5$\times$10-7Torr 이하이다. 구조해석의 결과로부터 폭 3m$\times$높이 4,m$\times$길이 5m, 두께 2cm인 진공용기는 대기압 하에서 7cm의 변형도를 갖는다. 변형을 최소화하기 위해 T형 보강구조물을 부착시켰을 때 변형도가 1cm 이하로 감소함을 볼 수 있었다. [그림1] 장시간 운전시 Grid에 미치는 열부하에 의한 영향을 연구하였다. 열해석 결과와 경제성, 가공성을 동시에 고려할 때 Grid의 재질로 무산소동이 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 한편, NBI 장치에서 열부하가 최대인 곳은 이온원의 Electron Dump 부분으로 중심부분에서 20MW/m2이다. 열부하를 효과적으로 소산시키기 위해 Electron dump 의 중심부분 모양을 깔대기 모양으로 만들어 Dump 뒷부분의 자석에 미치는 영향을 최소화 시켰다. 이 때 냉각수록의 냉각수 흐름속도 4.5m/sec이고, 자석의 최대 온도는 15$0^{\circ}C$로써 자석의 기본성질을 일어버리지 않는 허용범위 내에 들어옴을 알 수 있었다. 자석의 온도는 10초 동안 급격히 상승하였고, 100초 이후에 포항상태에 도달하였다 [그림2]

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.252-255
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• 1988

The molding characteristics, hardness and overall quality of the Korean style disposible food tray made from the low and medium density polystyene sheets were investigated and the results were obtained as follows. The volume difference of 8 sectional trays was 56.4% between the two materials, and that of 5 sectional trays was 41.8%. The more the sectional number of the tray, the larger the volume difference. Medium density polystylene tray had the better solid characteristics and overall acceptance than the low density polystlene tray.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.793-799
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• 2010

Kimchi was fermented in permeability-controlled polyethylene containers, in glazed onggi (Korean ethnic earthenware) or glass bottles at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. During 4 weeks of storage, kimchi fermented in the permeability-controlled container showed a stable fermentation pattern, in terms of changes in pH and acidity, compared with kimchi fermented in the other containers. With respect to changes in bacterial counts, kimchi fermented in polyethylene containers showed vigorous multiplication of lactic acid bacteria, especially Lactobacillus sp., but slow growth of total aerobic bacteria. The springiness of kimchi fermented in the polyethylene containers was optimal (about 10% more than that of glass bottle-fermented kimchi), and the overall acceptability and hardness of container-fermented kimchi were excellent upon sensory evaluation. The DPPH radical-scavenging activity of kimchi fermented in polyethylene containers was also greater (91%) than that of kimchi fermented in glazed onggi (73%) or glass bottles (63%). The $O_2$ and $CO_2$ permeabilities of the polyethylene containers were higher (458 and $357\;mmol\;h^{-1}\;m^{-2}\;atm^{-1}$, respectively) than were those of the other containers; the permeability ratio was 0.8. Glass bottles showed no permeance. The results indicate that permeability-controlled polyethylene containers may be used for kimchi fermentation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.345-345
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• 2004

The spent fuel transportation casks have used as one of the most essential component in the nuclear industry. And, the number of the cask has been significantly increased in recent years. While the bulk amount of spent fuel in the world is still kept in the storage pool, the number of countries which have chosen the advantages of dual purpose cask for transportation and storage is rapidly increasing. The technical experience in the area of spent fuel transportation cask operation and maintenance for long period is also available and will be well utilized also in storage casks. The increasing use of casks for dual and multiple purposes raises an issue of long term consideration by international standardization. Accordingly IAEA is providing a regulatory requirements and guidelines as an effort for this standardization.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.40-44
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• 2014

In this study, it is analyzed that a change in the shape of small propane containers made of STS304 when increasing of internal pressure. When internal pressure of a small propane container increased, bottom of end plate is convexly changed. This test is applied to a water bath pressure test to analyze the characteristics of the container. Water bath is able to analyze relationship between internal pressure and volume. In result, shape change section is confirmed because bottom of end plate is convexly changed. In addition, this section tend to decrease internal pressure because a volume increment increase out of proportion to pressure. The results of this study are expected to contribute to improving the safety of the pressure vessel, as well as various small propane container.

• Composites Research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

Composite pressure vessels with HDPE (high density polyethlyne) liner with metal boss at each end were developed by Filament Winding Process. The vessel is composed of a dome-shaped part at each end and a cylinder-shaped part at the middle of the vessel. The environmental tests carried out for possible vessel materials such as High Density Polyethlyn (HDPE), resins and reinforcing fibers up to a year showed no significant damages. The boss was designed to minimize the gas leak which was verified by FEM analysis. Most ideal fiber tension was obtained by experimental method and the fiber volume fraction, $\textrm{V}_{f}$, obtained by image analyzer were 55.4 % in cylinder and 55.6 % in dome parts, respectively. Winding pattern is programmed to control the composite thickness in the dome areas such that the failure of the vessel may occur in the cylinder. During the cure, the vessel was rotated and a constant internal pressure of 0.62 bar was applied. From this, the vessel's burst pressure is improved by 28 %. The burst and fatigue tests for under-wound and fully wound vessel showed satisfactory results.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2016

Radioactive waste container designs should comply with the requirements for safety (i.e., transportation, storage, disposal) and other criteria such as economics and technology. These criteria are also applicable to the future management of the large amount of LLW and VLLW to arise from decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) of nuclear power plants, which have different features compared to that of wastes from operation and maintenance (O&M). This paper proposes to develop a set of standard containers of multi-purpose usage for transportation, storage and disposal. The concepts of the containers were optimized for management of D&D wastes in consideration of national system for radioactive waste management, in particular the Gyeongju Repository and associated infrastructures. A set of prototype containers were designed and built : a soft bag for VLLW, two metallic containers for VLLW/LLW (a standard IP2 container for sea transport and ISO container for road transport). Safety analyses by simulation and tests of these designs show they are in compliance with the regulatory requirements. A further development of a container with concrete is foreseen for 2016.