• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.17-23
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• 1997

In the two-dimensional Finite Element Method for forming simulation, mesh generation and remeshing process are very significant. In this paper, using the modified splitting mesh generation algorithm, we can overcome the limitation of existing techniques and acquire mesh, which has optimal mesh density. A modified splitting algorithm for automatically generating quadrilateral mesh within a complex domain is described. Unnecessary meshing process for density representation is removed. Especially, during the mesh generation with high gradient density like as shear band representation, the modified mesh density scheme, which will generate quadrilateral mesh with the minimized error, which takes effect on FEM solver, is introduced.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.496-503
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• 1987

지금까지 유한요소망의 자동생성 방법에 대하여 현재 보편적으로 쓰이고 있는 것을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. 특히 최근 유한요소해석을 포함한 설계의 완전자동화에 대한 연구 추세에 의해 형상 모델러의 기능이 중요하게 됨에 따라 유한요소망의 자동생성과 형상 모델러의 관계를 기술하였다. 유한요소망의 자동생성에 대한 현재 상황은, 3차원 고체의 경우 모든 가능한 상황에 대처할 수 있는 일반적인 자동생성방법을 위해서는 더 많은 진전이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 특히 이 경우, 2차원 문제와는 달리 해석전에 미리 사용자가 필요한 유한요소망의 밀도를 쉽게 예측할 수 없기 때문에 해석결과나 오류치 평가에 따라 유한요소망을 조절해가는 자체조절 기능이 더욱 중요하게 된다. 이 기능이 충분히 발달되면 자동생성의 문제점이나 그 원리의 복잡성등을 직접 해결할 필요성이 없어질 것이다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.503-512
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• 1995

Groundwater flow in fracture networks is simulated using a discrete fracture (DF) model which assume that groundwater flows only through the fracture network. This assumption is available if the permeability of rock matrix is very low. It is almost impossible to describe fracture networks perfectly, so a stochastic approach is used. The stochastic approach assumes that the characteristic parameters in fracture network have special distribution patterns. The stochastic model generates fracture networks with some characteristic parameters. The finite element method is used to compute fracture flows. One-dimensional line element is the element type of the finite elements. The simulation results are shown by dominant flow paths in the fracture network. The dominant flow path can be found from the simulated groundwater flow field. The model developed in this study provides the tool to estimate the influences of characteristic parameters on groundwater flow in fracture networks. The influences of some characteristic parameters on the frcture flow are estimated by the Monte Carlo simulation based on 30 realizations.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2004.10d
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• pp.99-105
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• 2004

백과사전 질의응답 시스템은 사용자의 자연어 질문과 검색 대상 문서인 백과사전 내용의 의미를 파악하기 위한 고정밀 자연어 처리 기술이 요구된다. 이러한 고정밀 자연어 처리 기술을 위한 중요한 언어자원을 제공하기 위하여 한국어 명사와 동사로 구성되는 대규모 어휘개념망을 구축하였다. 한국어 어휘개념망은 명사와 동사의 상하위 관계를 주요 계층구조로 하여 다양한 한국어 어휘 기초 자료를 바탕으로 구축되었다. 구축된 규모는 일반명사 약 6만 어휘와 동사 약 2만 어휘를 포함한다. 이 논문에서는 어휘개념망을 구축하기 위한 방법과 과정을 소개하고 지금까지 구축된 어휘개념망의 특성에 대해 기술하며, 백과사전 질의응답 시스템에서 어떻게 활용되는지 시스템 구성요소의 예를 들어서 설명한다. 또한 현재 구축된 어휘개념망의 성능 평가를 위해 일반 코퍼스에 대한 커버리지 측정 결과를 기술한다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 2003

Discontinuities such as faults, fractures and joints in rock mass play the dominant role in the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the rock mass. The key factors that influence on the flow of groundwater are hydraulic and geometric characteristics of discontinuities and their connectivity. In this study, a program that analyzes groundwater flow in the 3D discontinuity network was developed on the assumption that the discontinuity characteristics such as density, trace length, orientation and aperture have particular distribution functions. This program generates discontinuities in a three-dimensional space and analyzes their connectivity and groundwater flow. Due to the limited computing capacity In this study, REV was not exactly determined, but it was inferred to be greater than 25$\times$25$\times$25 ㎥. By calculating the extent of aperture that influences on the groundwater flow, it was found that the discontinuities with the aperture smaller than 30% of the mean aperture had little influence on the groundwater flow. In addition, there was little difference in the equivalent hydraulic conductivity for the the two cases when considering and not considering the boundary effect. It was because the groundwater flow was mostly influenced by the discontinuities with large aperture. Among the parameters considered in this study, the length, aperture, and orientation of discontinuities had the greatest influence on the equivalent hydraulic conductivity of rock mass in their order. In case of existence of a fault in rock mass, elements of the equivalent hydraulic conductivity tensor parallel to the fault fairly increased in their magnitude but those perpendicular to the fault were increased in a very small amount at the first stage and then converged.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.213-221
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• 2013

This paper introduces a mesh continuation scheme for a one-dimensional inverse medium problem to reconstruct the spatial distribution of elastic wave velocities in heterogeneous semi-infinite solid domains. To formulate the inverse problem, perfectly-matched-layers(PMLs) are introduced as wave-absorbing boundaries that surround the finite computational domain truncated from the originally semi-infinite extent. To tackle the inverse problem in the PML-truncated domain, a partial-differential-equations(PDE)-constrained optimization approach is utilized, where a least-squares misfit between calculated and measured surface responses is minimized under the constraint of PML-endowed wave equations. The optimization problem iteratively solves for the unknown wave velocities with their updates calculated by Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient algorithms. The optimization is performed using a mesh continuation scheme through which the wave velocity profile is reconstructed in successively denser mesh conditions. Numerical results showed the robust performance of the mesh continuation scheme in reconstructing target wave velocity profile in a layered heterogeneous solid domain.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.2806-2818
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• 1997

It is generallyaccepted that broadband access technologies will play an important role in the National Information Infrastructure. However, the provision of direct fibers to residential and small business customers has always been considered a challenge. To accelerage the provision of Broadband Access Facilities, alternatibe paths could be identified and actaivated in parallel. In this paepr, we present an overview of the alternative access technologies focusing on xDSL, FTTx, HFC, HFR, and suggest the modeling of the access netetwork systems which is using of the technologies. Also to investigate the economics of each access systems, we derve the numerical equations which is summed up the al parameter including the labor cost of the model system. The proposed equation has a variable which is the cell size (or subsciber clusters) and calculate the real cost values which is normalized by the copper cable unit cost. From the numerical resutls, we conclude that the economic access method to provide these broadband capabilities is depended on the subscriber penetration, the patterns of subscriber distribution density and existing communication infrastructures. It can be expected that our analytical model and equations provides an elegant solution to choose the optimal broadband access technologies to residential and small business customers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.49-53
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• 2009

In this study, point gravity was measured to achieve terrestrid gravity data and the gravity is important element in precise geoid modelling. Surveys the relative gravity of 56 stations on 1st level route. In addition, it calculates gravity values, analysis gravity survey results using tidal correction, drift correction, datum-free adjustment. These point gravity data could be contribute in development of precise geoid model.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.36-36
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• 2017

일반적으로 유역의 지형학적 특성을 나타내는 인자들은 유역면적, 유로연장, 유로경사 등 여러가지가 있다. Horton (1945)은 수계의 발달 형태에 기초한 하천의 차수를 이용하여 분기비, 길이비, 면적비, 하천 밀도 등 지형학적인 매개변수로 제시하였다. 유역 지형학적 매개변수는 Horton이 제시한 유역내 하도망의 지형학적인 구성에 대한 특성을 반영하는 것으로 유출에 지배적인 영향을 미친다. 한강 유역 19개 하천의 27개 지점을 대상으로 유출 특성과 지형학적 특성의 상관 분석을 위하여 유역과 하천의 지형학적 특성을 Arc-Map을 이용하여 구하였다. 하천차수법칙에 의한 지형학적인 매개변수로 분기비, 길이비, 함몰도, 면적비를 산정하였고, 유역의 지형학적 인자는 유역면적, 유로연장, 유로경사, 형상계수, 단일형상계수, 세장률, 수계밀도, 수계빈도를 산정하였다. 수계의 연간 유출률은 실측 유출량과 강수량 자료를 이용하여 산정하였다. 각각의 지형학적 특성인자에 대한 상관 매트릭스를 분석하고 그 상관특성을 분석하였다. 특히 지형학적 매개변수와 지형학적 요소와 연간 유출률과의 상관관계식을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.535-541
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• 2010

In this paper, we have derived a continuum-based adjoint design sensitivity of general performance functionals with respect to Young' modulus and heat conduction coefficient for steady-state nonlinear thermoelastic problems. An adjoint equation for temperature and displacement fields is defined for the efficient computation of the coupled field design sensitivity. Through numerical examples, we investigated the mesh dependency of the topology optimization method in the thermoelastic problems. Also, comparing the dominant loading cases of thermal and mechanical ones, the loading dependency of topology design optimization in coupled multi-physics problems is investigated.