• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.416-428
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• 2020

This study analyzed the uses of external representations presented in the matter units of the 7th-grade science digital textbooks developed under the 2015 revised national curriculum. The level, form, presentation, and interactivity of external representations presented in 5 types of digital textbooks were analyzed. As for the level, the macroscopic level of representations was mainly presented. The macroscopic level and microscopic level of representations were presented together in the particle description. As for the form, visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were usually presented across the board. Very few audial-verbal and audial-nonverbal representations were presented. Visual-verbal and audial-verbal representations were mostly presented in formal form, and visual-nonverbal representations were mostly presented in illustration without movement. The presentation of representations was analyzed in three aspects. First, visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were mainly presented together and none of audial-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were presented together. When the representations of the audial-verbal, visual-nonverbal, and visual-verbal were presented together, some of the information presented in audial-verbal representations was repeatedly presented in the visual-verbal representations. Second, audial-nonverbal representations not related to learning content were presented along with other representations. Third, there were few cases of arranging visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations on the next pages. Audialverbal and visual-nonverbal representations were always presented synchronized. As for the interactivity, the manipulation level was mainly presented in the main area, and the feedback level was mainly presented in the activity area. The adaptation level and the communication level of interactivity were presented very few. Based on the results, the implications for the direction of constructing digital textbooks were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Port Economic Association Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.373-389
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• 2007

본 논문은 인천항과 청도항, 천진항, 대련항을 대상으로 항만별 서비스품질 구성요인들 각각이 고객만족에 미치는 영향정도가 어떻게 다른지와 항만별 서비스품질 차원 및 만족도에 대한 고객의 지각 수준을 비교하였다. 연구결과 항만서비스의 품질차원은 '내적품질', '외적환경품질', '상호작용품질'로 구분됨을 확인하였고, 이들 항만서비스 품질 3차원은 대련항의 '외적환경품질'을 제외하곤 모두 고객만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 항만간 서비스품질 차원에 대한 고객의 지각 수준을 그룹비교를 통해 살펴 본 결과 인천항은 '내적품질'에서 청도항, 천진항, 대련항에 비해 낮게 평가되었으며, '외적환경품질'의 경우도 청도항, 천진항에 비해 낮았지만, '상호작용품질'은 천진항과 대련항에 비해 높게 평가되었다. 그러나 항만에 대한 고객의 만족은 인천항이 청도항, 천진항, 대련항에 비해 부족한 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.2
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• pp.7-33
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• 1998

최근 에체멘디는 초과생성과 미달생성의 문제를 들어 타르스키의 모델이론적 논리적 귀결의 정의의 외연적 적합성을 공격하였다. 그러한 공격의 기저에는 우연성 문제가 도사리고 있다고 보이고, 실질적으로 타르스키류의 정의를 적용함에 있이 무만 공리를 통해 논리외적 요소기 개입할 위험이 있다는 것이 그의 근본적 가정이라 생각된다. 이 글에서는 무한 공리가 논리적 진리일 기능성을 조심스레 타진이고, 논리상항과 비논리상항을 기리는 문제가 에체멘디가 생각하듯 신화가 아니라 논리적인 것과 논리외적인 것을 구별하는 문제와 동일한, 진정한 철학적 문제임을 보이는 데 노력한다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of perceived self-efficacy in the effects of informal communication and mindfulness practice on non-class-related behavior in the Team-Based Learning(TBL) using smartwork tool. To do this, total of 80, college students participated in this survey. The results of this empirical study is summarized as followings. First, informal communication do not have a direct effect on non-class-related behavior but perceived self-efficacy mediates the effect of informal communication. Second, mindfulness practice do not have a direct effect on non-class-related behavior but perceived self-efficacy mediates the effect of mindfulness practice. Third, informal communication and mindfulness practice have positive effect on perceived self-efficacy. In this study, we suggested the importance of perceived self-efficacy in establishing the TBL policy using smartwork tool.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.418-431
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• 2022

In this study, we analyzed the form, presentation, and interactivity of external representations presented in the matter units of elementary school science digital textbooks developed under the 2015 Revised National Curriculum. The analytic framework of the previous study was modified and supplemented. The matter units in the 3rd-6th grade science digital textbooks were analyzed by dividing them into "body texts" and "inquiries" area. The results revealed that visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were presented the most. Conversely, audial-nonverbal representations were presented at a high frequency only in the body texts, and audial-verbal representations were presented at a low frequency in both the body texts and the inquiries. Regarding the presentation, when verbal and visual-nonverbal representations appeared together, visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were primarily presented together. In some cases where visual-verbal, audial-verbal, and visual-nonverbal representations were presented together, information on visual-verbal and audial-verbal representations was presented redundantly. Audial-nonverbal representations unrelated to contents were presented along with other external representations, and the frequency was particularly high in the body texts. Regarding the contiguity, no visual-verbal and visual-nonverbal representations were presented on different pages, and no audial-verbal representations were presented asynchronously with visual-nonverbal representations. Regarding the interactivity, explanatory feedback and low-level manipulations were mainly presented. Based on the results, implications to improve digital textbooks are discussed from the perspective of multiple representation-based learning.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.85-96
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• 2019

The relative extrinsic value orientation (REVO) means the relative importance to extrinsic values (e.g. wealth, fame and social approval) compared with intrinsic values (e.g. affiliation, self-acceptance and personal growth). This study aimed to investigate the causal relation between REVO and life-satisfaction using the auto-regressive cross-lagged modeling. For this purpose, 3rd, 5th, and 7th year data from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) middle school 1st grade panel was analyzed (N = 2,259; 1,140 males and 1,119 females). The results are as follows; Firstly, positive auto-regressive effects of REVO and life-satisfaction were significant. Secondly, REVO was found to have negative and cross-lagged effect on life-satisfaction. However, cross-lagged effect from life-satisfaction to REVO was not significant. Finally, no gender difference was found in this relationship. These results suggest that low life satisfaction does not cause the relative extrinsic value orientation, but high relative extrinsic value orientation may cause low life satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.167-173
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to investigate non-work relating activities at work. To do this, this paper proposes and analyzes a simple theoretical model consisting of factors such as non-work relating smartphone usage during working hours, non-work relating coffee break during working hours, work after working hours, and job performance. Our findings are revealed as following: First, non-work-related coffee break has positive effect on performance. Second, non-work-related smartphone usage generally has negative effect on performance, but it has positive effect on performance in personal communication with co-workers. Third, work after working hours has negative effect on performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.67-75
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• 1990

A geometrically nonlinear analysis procedure including the damping effects is presented for the investigation of the dynamic post-divergence and post-flutter behavior of a non-conservative system. The dynamic nonlinear analysis of plane frame structure subjected to conservative and non-conservative forces is carried out by solving the equations of motion using Newmark method. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effects of the internal and external damping forces in the conservative and non-conservative systems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.55-61
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• 1999

최근 국내외적으로 지구온난화, 산성비, 오존층파괴 등의 환경문제가 심각하게 대두되기 시작하면서 화석연료 사용에 대한 규제가 점차적으로 강화되고 있다. 이와같은 상황에서 기존의 미분탄 화력발전시스템에 비해서 NOx, SOx, $CO_2$, 분진 등의 대기오염물질을 현저히 줄일 수 있으며 발전효율도 높아서 석탄 사용에 따른 지구의 환경오염 저감과 에너지의 효율적인 이용 측면에서 석탄가스화 복합발전 시스템은 청정석탄 이용기술로 크게 관심을 모으고 있어서 국내외적으로 관련연구가 활발히 진행중이다.(중략)

• Korean Business Review
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• v.5
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• pp.185-214
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• 1992

본 (本) 연구(硏究)는 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)을 통하여 이직에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고 이들 요인이 기업규모(企業規模)에 따라서 이직에 미치는 영향력(影響力)과 영향경로(影響經路)가 어떻게 다른가를 보여주고자 한다. 특히 이직(離職) 결정요인(決定要因)의 선정에 있어서는 선행연구가 주로 조직(組織) 외적요인(外的要因)을 중심으로 이루어진 결과 이직에 대한 설명력이 낮게 나타나고 있음에 비추어 조직(組織) 외적요인(外的要因)과 개인적(個人的) 요인(要因)을 추가함으로써 이직에 대한 설명력을 높이고자 하였다. 이에 따른 구체적인 연구절차는 먼저 문헌연구를 통하여 이직에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 요인들을 추출하였으며, 선정된 변수들을 대상으로 Price&Mueller(1981)의 이직과정(離職過程)모델에 입각하여 기업규모별(企業規模別)로 대중회귀분석(多重回歸分析)과 경로분석(經路分析)을 실시하여 이직결정요인들이 이직에 미치는 직 간접 효과(直 間接 效果)와 경로(經路)를 살펴보았다. 경로분석(經路分析)의 결과는 조직외적요인(組織外的要因)과 개인적요인(個入的要因)인 생계책임(生計責任)과 태도(態度)가 규모에 관계없이 이직의도(離職意圖)에 미치는 효과가 상당히 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 이외에 성, 이직기회(性, 離職 機會), 공정성(公正性) 또한 규모에 관계없이 이직의도에 어느 정도의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 승진가능성(昇進可能性)의 경우는 중규모기업이 대 소규모기업에 비하여 효과가 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 모델의 설명력은 기존의 연구에서와 같이 여전히 낮은 것으로 나타났다.