• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.249-269
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• 2020

Recently, as the online market has matured, it is facing many problems to prevent the growth. The most common problem is the homogenization of online products, which fails to increase the number of customers any more. Moreover, although the portion of the online market has increased significantly, it now becomes essential to expand offline for further development. In response, many online firms have recently sought to expand their businesses and marketing channels by securing offline spaces that can complement the limitations of online platforms, on top of their existing advantages of online channels. Based on their competitive advantage in terms of analyzing large volumes of customer data utilizing information technologies (e.g., big data and artificial intelligence), they are reinforcing their offline influence as well through this online for offline (O4O) business model. On the other hand, most of the existing research has primarily focused on online to offline (O2O) business model, and there is still a lack of research on O4O business models, which have been actively attempted in various industrial fields in recent years. Since a few of O4O-related studies have been conducted only in an experience marketing setting following a case study method, it is critical to conduct an empirical study on O4O selection attributes and their impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, focusing on China's representative O4O business model, 'Fresh Hema,' this study attempts to identify some key selection attributes specialized for O4O services from the customers' viewpoint and examine the impact of these attributes on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) with 300 O4O (Fresh Hema) experienced customers, reveal that, out of seven O4O selection attributes, four (mobile app quality, mobile payment, product quality, and store facilities) have an impact on customer satisfaction, which also leads to customer loyalty (reuse intention, recommendation intention, and brand attachment). This study would help managers in an O4O area well adapt to rapidly changing customer needs and provide them with some guidelines for enhancing both customer satisfaction and loyalty by allocating more resources to more significant selection attributes, rather than less significant ones.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.131-146
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the locational characteristics of cafes in Jeju Island and the changes. For the purpose, we identify the spatial distribution patterns of openings and closings by period from the first opening of cafes in Jeju Island to the present. In particular, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics found in the locations of cafes that have been opened and closed after the outbreak of COVID-19, in which new stores have significantly increased. In addition, we identify the regional attributes and the influence of online that have affected the distribution of currently open cafes and cafes that have opened or closed during the COVID-19 outbreak. As a result of empirical analysis, Jeju Island is a tourist destination and island region with the characteristics of determining major destinations through information search, showing a different distribution form from the location of cafes in inland cities. In particular, as a result of frequency analysis by extracting keyword search volume for cafes in Jeju Island, online accessibility such as information search for new areas and places in Jeju Island has become more diversified and expanded after COVID-19. In addition, as a result of calculating the distance to cafes by road size, the relationship between physical location and road accessibility, which has traditionally been an important factor, was relatively low. This study is meaningful in that it revealed the distribution patterns and characteristics of cafe locations in Jeju Island by reflecting the influence of online and offline.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-92
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the meaning of students' experience participating in the flipped learning based instruction in sensory integration, and to understand the demand and introspection of participants. Methods : This study used a phenomenological approach of qualitative study. The participants were 10 students in 3rd year of the occupational therapy program in K Univeristy. Data information was collected by one-to-one interview and analyzed through phenomenological research method. Results : Through the interview, 20 units of meaning, 8 central meanings, and 3 themes were drew. The information collected were analyzed into three themes; Learning Experiences in Online and Offline Courses, Request and Introspection of Learners on Flipped Learning. The result showed that online courses brought learners convenience and satisfaction with repeatable learning in every time and space the learner want. However, the learners appealed issues of communication and concentration due to the absence of face-to-face instruction by their instructor. For the offline courses, students showed interest in various practical classwork of sensory integration and changes in their attitude to actively engage in the practical classes. Conclusion : Flipped learning based instruction was effective for the sensory integration classes which require practice in terms of time securement and immersion in practice. The learners requested for adopting flipped learning based instruction to other subjects in occupational therapy curriculum, and introspected that they needed to actively engage in classes through the experience of flipped learning-based classes of sensory integration. The results of this study can be used as a basic resource when flipped learning classes are planned in occupational therapy education.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 2004

Most of the virtual space constructed sufficiently realistic need a lot of memory space to navigate smoothly. And this kind of virtual space also requires real-time responsibility for the navigation as well as realism. In the off-line virtual system, real-time responsibility can be resolved by using large scale if secondary memory. In the web-based online virtual system, on the other hand, real-time responsibility is highly related to the latency time of network data communication. This induces the necessity of the algorithm for fast data loading. In this paper, we propose and verify the validity of the two methodology for cell leading algorithm. According to the results of computer simulation, the algorithm using hexagonal type cell promotes the real-time responsibility over 30％ than that of the rectangular type.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.593-610
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore how the collectivism of Koreans has changed or has not changed. Through in-depth interviews and FGI with the older and new generations, keywords that express Korean collectivism today were discovered. First, the collectivism of Koreans is defined as 'selective collectivism', which is based on a more compact group consisting of self-selected members rather than a given group as before. Second, with the development of technology, online collectivism, in contrast to offline collectivism, emerged. Online collectivism is based on communication using online technology, and is characterized by horizontal relationship based on anonymity and 24-hour connectivity that transcends time and space. Third, the most important factor that composes Korean collectivism was found to be 'Cheong', which was recognized as an unchanged aspect of collectivism. Lastly, for Koreans, the group is closely related to self-identity, and for this reason, Koreans are obsessed with the sense of belonging to the group membership and the relationship with the members. The implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

This paper presents an on-line finite element model updating method for in-service structures using measured data. Conventional updating methods, which are based on numerical optimization, are not efficient for on-line updating because they generally require repeated eigenvalue analyses until convergence criteria are met. The proposed method enables fully automated on-line finite element model updating, almost simultaneously with vibration measurement, without any user intervention or off-line procedures. The automated covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification (Cov-SSI) method is utilized to identify modal frequencies and vectors, and the identified modal data is fed to the neural network of the inverse eigenvalue function to produce the updated finite element model parameters. Numerical examples for a wind excited 20-story building structure shows that the proposed method can update the series of finite element model parameters automatically. It is also shown that sudden changes in the structural parameters can be detected and traced successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.507-510
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• 2016

SNS connect off-line and on-line so that it forms a relationship by sharing users' life and interests. Especially, marketing through SNS is not only economical also it spreads in the fast pace. Thus, many enterprise recognize SNS as a part of platform of ads and they are constantly investing on SNS ads. Also, with the spread of smartphones, the rate of adolescents who use SNS has soared and the rate of exposure to SNS ads also has increased. However, SNS ads have great impact on adolescents'decision-making, because their values of decision-making has not been well developed so that they are easy to influenced by external factors. Therefore, this study aims to understand the effect of SNS ads on adolescents'decision-making.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1115-1118
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• 2005

With the development of the internet technology, The on-line conference system have been producted. Now, the on-line conference system is developing for using pattern recognition system and voice recognition system. Comparing with the off-line conference, the on-line conference is excellent in free from distance limitation. But, the on-line meetings have unavoidable weak points. it is the same as the off-line conference that when the conference goes on, the content orthopedic and the content consistency is weak. So the conference members can not seize the conference flow. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the ontology concept. Design a new architecture using ontology mining technique for making the conference content and conference knowledge ontological. Then in order to inspection the new architecture, We design and implementation the new conference management system based knowledge.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.543-550
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• 2006

농업혁명, 산업혁명, 정보혁명과 맞먹는 제4의 혁명이 바로 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 혁명이다. 과거의 농업혁명이나 산업혁명은 인류문명의 기반인 물리 공간의 혁명이었고, 월드와이드웹 서비스가 확대되면서 절정기를 맞는 정보화 혁명은 사이버 공간의 혁명이었다. 이에 반해 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 혁명은 물리 공간과 사이버 공간의 지능적 결합을 통한 온라인과 오프라인공간의 통합된 공간에서 이뤄진다. 사이버 공간은 자연스럽게 생활공간과 결합되어 새로운 통합 공간을 창출한다. 그 공간은 아직까지 인류가 경험하지 못한 미지의 세계이자 무한한 기회 공간이다. 본 소고는 현재 진행 중인 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 프라이버시의 개념과 현황을 살펴본다. 또한 본 소고의 주요 연구 목적으로 프라이버시, 개인정보에 대한 개념적인 분석을 위한 것이다. 따라서 본 소고에서는 사건, 기술적인 이슈, 문제와 해결, 프라이버시 경쟁가치 모델 등에 관한 분석을 다루었다.

• The Optical Journal
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• s.156
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• pp.52-60
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• 2015

선진국 스마트폰 시장이 포화상태에 도달함에 따라 주요 IT기업들의 차세대 IT 비즈니스 발굴이 큰 화두다. 차세대 IT 비즈니스의 주목할만한 후보군 중 하나는 가상현실(VR: Virtual Reality)이다. 최근 고해상도 디스플레이, 강력한 컴퓨팅 파워, 3D센싱 등의 기술이 비약적으로 발달하고 하드웨어 비용이 크게 하락함에 따라 드디어 일반 사용자들을 대상으로 유의미한 수준의 '몰입감'과 '상호작용'을 제공할 수 있는 환경이 조성됐다. 현재 삼성전자, 소니, 엡슨 등의 대기업들이 VR 헤드셋 개발에 뛰어들었으며 뷰직스(Vuzix), 아 베간트(Avegant), 버추익스(Virtuix), 시브라이트(Seebright) 등의 가상현실 벤처기업들이 크게 주목을 받으면서 해당 업체들에 투자하겠다는 문의가 쇄도하고 있는 실정이다. 향후 가상현실 시장은 기업들에게 엄청난 비즈니스 기회를 제공할 것으로 전망된다. 단지 VR 헤드셋이나 관련 기기의 매출보다는 가상공간에서 사용자들이 소비하는 시간과 비용이 중요하다. 기존 오프라인, 온라인의 비즈니스 모델과 수익 모델 대부분을 가상현실에서 구현할 수 있다. 사람들은 앞으로 현실환경의 모든 오브젝트와 연결돼 상호작용을 하고, 또한 가상환경의 모든 오브젝트와 연결돼 상호작용을 하게 될 것이다. 그것이 진정한 사물인터넷과 가상현실이다.