• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.19-27
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of creativity according to major of college students focusing on pre-service early childhood teachers, pre-designers and pre-engineers. The subjects were 132 four grade of university students attending K and T university in Busan, Korea. Data were analyzed with one-way MANOVA to find out the differences of creativity according to their major. Results of this study as follows: first, overall creativity was significantly higher in preliminary designers than pre-service early childhood teachers and pre-engineers. Second, the fluency of pre-service early childhood teachers and pre-designers was significantly higher than that of pre-service engineers. The abstraction was significantly higher in pre-service early childhood teachers than pre-engineers. The elaboration of pre-designers was significantly higher than that of pre-service teachers and pre-engineers. Openness was significantly higher in pre-designers than pre-engineers, and pre-engineers were significantly higher than pre-service early childhood teachers. Therefore, this study suggests that the major in creativity curriculum and program development for college students should be considered, and the results of this study will be used as basic data of the creativity education program.

• Composites Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2007

The 2-step manufacturing method consisting of preforming and stamping processes was developed to manufacture composite bipolar plates for PEMFCS. The preform was composed of expanded graphite, graphite flake and phenol resin. Procuring conditions were optimized by checking the electrical conductivity, flexural strength and microstructure. Procuring temperature $(100^{\circ}C)$ slightly above the melting point of phenol powders $(90^{\circ}C)$ induced moderate curing, but also prevented excessive curing. Preforms utilizing the tangled structure of expanded graphite were easily fabricated at low pressure of 0.07-0.28MPa. The proper procuring time, 5min, was determined to fabricate the preform stably because insufficient and excessive procuring deteriorated the flexural strength of composite bipolar plates.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2013

This study was designed to identify the Attitude toward Engineering and Teacher Efficacy of pre-service teachers of engineering department, evaluate the validity of the difference and inquire into correlation between the Attitude toward Engineering and Teacher Efficacy. The study results are as follows. First, the Attitude toward Engineering of pre-service teachers of engineering department turned out to be 2.94, which is below average(3.00), and a bit lower figure than that of Teacher Efficacy(M=3.34). Second, there was no significant difference between the Attitude toward Engineering and Teacher Efficacy in a gender factor. In case of a major factor and grade variables, there was significant difference between Attitude toward Engineering and teaching efficacy of Teacher Efficacy. Third, as a result of analysis on the correlation between Attitude toward Engineering and Teacher Efficacy, it turned out that there was significant difference between in sub-area a few, which leads to conclusion that the attitude toward engineering and Teacher Efficacy will be gradually improved if educational institutes training pre-service teachers of engineering department operate teacher education courses considering major characteristics and learners' levels and give successful guidance to pre-service teachers. In addition, since the gender factor didn't make any significant difference between the attitude toward engineering and Teacher Efficacy, there is no need to develop and operate separate educational programs only for female or male pre-service teachers.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2016

Recently, there is an increasing number of startups in wine business because of the rapid growth of wine consumption. The entrepreneurs need support to prepare infrastructure of wine business. Entrepreneurship is a course of preparing funding, personnel, and technology for preliminary entrepreneurs. In this paper, we implement a wine recommendation application for preliminary entrepreneurs of preparing the wine business as part of the technical support project. The proposed application is to collect accurate data using barcode recognition technology. Finally, proposed application aims the building of the wine knowledge-base through the data analysis by applying efficient algorithms.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.2 s.19
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• pp.55-64
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• 2004

본 대학의 공학수학교육 정책 중의 하나로서 대학 입학 전인 2월 중에 예비대학을 개설하여 기초수학 수준별 특별교육을 실시하였다. 수준별교육의 일환으로써 야간대학 실업계 고교출신 직업학생들을 대상으로 실시한 기초수학[Pre-Calculus] 특별교육이 미분적분학 학습에 준 성공적인 결과를 분석하고, 향후 기초수학 수준별 특별교육을 통한 주야간 공과대학 미분적분학 교육의 발전적인 방향에 대하여 고찰해 보고자한다.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.86-94
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• 1999

예비구조설계에서는 구조시스템 대안의 생성과 발전, 여러 방법과 대상에 따른 해석과 설계 다양한 요구조건과 구조적 특성을 고려한 여러 구조시스템 대안의 비교 및 선택 과정을 거친다. 그리고, 이러한 각 과정은 구조설계자의 경험적 지식을 바탕으로 하는 종합적인 사고와 판단에 따라서 단계적, 반복적으로 이루어진다. 그러므로, 예비구조설계에서는 정형화된 자료와 작어뿐 아니라 비정형화된 자료와 작업도 처리해야 한다. 따라서, 컴퓨터는 정형화된 자료와 작업을, 구조설계자는 비정형화된 자료와 작업을 직접 처리하고 이를 상호작용을 통하여 교환 및 지시하는 방식, 즉 구조설계자와 컴퓨터의 역할분담에 기초한 상호작용방식을 통하여 예비구조설계에 컴퓨터를 효율적으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 구조설계자와 컴퓨터의 역할분담에 기초한 상호작용을 원활히 지원하기 위해서는 구조시스템 대안의 기하학적 향상, 재료에 대한 자료를 효과적으로 제시할 수 있는 3차원 관점, 각 구조시스템 대안을 검토하고 비교하는 사항이 되는 다양한 요구조건에 대한 자료들을 관리하고 제시할수 있는 요구조건 관점이 필요하다. 그리고 예비 구조설계가 진행되어 온 과정, 방향, 설계의도등의 파악을 위한 바탕이 될 수 있는 작업과정관점, 구조시스템 대안 발전 관점이 필요하다. 예비구조설계의 프로세스 조절을 위한 상호작용을 효과적으로 지원하기 위해서는 컴퓨터가 수행 할 수 있는 정형화된 작업들을 예비구조설계의 진행순서인 구조시스템 대안의 생성과 발전, 구조시스템 대안의 해석과 설계, 구조시스템 대안의 선택에 따라서 나열하여 제시할 필요가 있다. 이를 통해서 구조설계자는 자신의 판단에 따라서 다음에 수행해야 할 작업을 결정하고, 그에 해당하는 정형화된 작업을 컴퓨터가 제시한 작업 중에서 선택하고 그 수행을 지시하여 자신의 경험적 지식과 설계의도에 맞추어 예비구조설계의 프로세스를 조절할 수 있다.정조합력은 유의차가 컸으나, 상반조합 능력은 없었다. 교배친의 우성효과는 컸다. 잡종강세 환경변이 및 상가적 작용도 컸다. 우성의 방향은 정의 방향이었으므로 우성귀전자가 크게 작용하였다. 이들 형질들의 귀전자들은 초우성을 나타내었다. 교배친의 자견층중의 우성순서는 잠120>잠114>잠108>잠119>잠118>잠107>잠117>잠113 순이었고, 웅견층중에서는 잠114>잠108>잠120>잠117>잠118>잠107>잠119>잠119>잠113 순이었다. 자견층 비율에서는 광의의 귀전력이 협의의 귀전력보다 컸고, 웅견층 비율에서는 같았다, 견층 비율에서는 일반조합 능력은 크게 나타났으나, 특정조합 능력과 상반조직 능력은 나타나지 않았다. 자견층 비율에서 교배친의 우성효과는 컸다. 자견층 비율에서는 교배친의 우성효과는 적었다. 자웅견층 비율의 잡종 강세는 적게 나타났다. 환경변이와 상가적 작계는 자웅견층 비율에서는 크게 나타났다. 우성의 방향은 자견층 비율에서는 정의 방향으로 우성 귀전자가 크게 작용하였으며, 자견층 비율에서는 정의 방향으로 우성 귀전자가 부분적으로 작용하였다. 교배친의 자견층 비율의 우성순서는 잠117>잠114>잠108>잠120>잠118>잠119>잠107>잠113 순이었고, 자견층 비율에서는 잠114>잠117>잠108>잠118>잠107>잠119>잠113>잠120의 순이었다.지방산의 조성이 많은 차이를 보였다.{2+}$ 26 및 $Na^+$ 26 mg $L^{-1}$이었다. 양액 재배 후 버려지는 폐양액 중의 무기성분 함량은 양액재배에 이용되는 원수에 비해 상당히 높아졌다.료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.약재료인 약초류 등을 이용하였는데 오랫동안 푹 삶아 그물에 곡류 등을 넣어 죽이나 밥으로 조리하였으며 면으로도 조리하였다. 이상과 같이 조선시대 주식류의 종류 및 조리방법에 대한

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of online problem-based learning (PBL) on learners' 4C competencies and learning experience. The results of the study showed that, first, online PBL had a statistically significant effect on learners' problem-solving skills, communication skills, and pre-service teacher efficacy. Second, learners were very satisfied with the online PBL experience and perceived it to be very beneficial to their learning and to themselves as preservice teachers. Third, learners perceived that the real-time video conferencing system and instant messenger were very helpful for successful online PBL. Fourth, regarding the important factors for successful online PBL, the participants in this study perceived that communication and sincerity are very important, and the role of the leader is also important, but personal intimacy among team members is relatively less important. Fifth, learners perceive that instructor feedback is very important for successful online PBL. Finally, the implications of this study are discussed along with suggestions for future research.

• Proceedings of the KSEG Conference
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.13001-13021
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• 2004

공학지질도(Engineering geology map)는 토목공사의 예비단계에서 필요한 지질자료를 도면에 표시하여 지질공학 계획(Engineering geological plan)의 수립과 토목설계 정보를 제공 위하여 작성하는 특수지질도이다. (Report by the geological society engineering group working party, 1972). 공학지질도에는 지질공학, 토목 또는 건축 기술자들이 필요로 하는 지질정보를 수록하기 때문에 기존의 지질도(Geological map)와는 다르게 작성한다. 즉, 지질도는 암석의 광물조성, 석기 (texture), 층서, 지질구조 등의 지질학적 분석을 통하여 지각의 생성 메카니즘과 지구의 역사를 규명하는 것이 궁극적 작성 목표이다. 따라서 지질도에는 공학기술자들이 필요로 하는 암석과 토층의 물리적/공학적 특성이나 지하수에 대한 정량적 정보 등이 수록되지 않을 뿐 아니라 공학기술자들에게 필요한 인간 생활권 부분인 지표와 천부의 지질학적 특성이 제외되는 경우가 많다. (중략)

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.353-360
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• 2017

In this study, a software education program based on blended learning using scratch was designed for pre-service elementary teachers' software education. Software education program was applied to experimental group and control group within the university of education using Scratch programming for 12 weeks. Blended learning using online lectures was applied to experimental group. The pre-service teachers' recognition about software education and self-evaluation of computational thinking were performed. Then, we analyzed the effect of the developed education program on the recognition of software education and computational thinking. As a result, the level of post-recognition of software education in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the pre-recognition. In the self-evaluation of computational thinking, the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group. Therefore, it can be seen that the software education program based on blended learning can help improve the learner's computational thinking.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.276-291
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• 2016

This study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument for measuring students' creative engineering problem solving propensity. The creative engineering problem solving is operationally defined in this study as a creative problem solving skill in an engineering context. To develop the instrument, first we define seven common constructs between engineering problem solving skill and creative problem solving skill through an intensive literature review; motivation, context, personal character, engineering design, engienering habits of mind, understandings of engineering and engineers, communication skill, and collaboration skill. Based on the seven constructs and the face validity test conducted by two in-service science teachers and 4 experts in science education research, 40 preliminary items were developed. Then the preliminary instrument was implemented in a science gifted highschool to measure the reliability of the instrument. From the 40 items, 34 items were selected through the initial reliability test by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$(>.75). Finally through the three times of factor analysis process, 28 items in five construct categories were selected; motivation (3 items), engineering design (6 items), engineering habits of mind (9 items), understandings of engineering and engineers (4 items), communication and collaboration skill (6 items). The factor analysis result showed that the reliability of each construct category was between .733 to .892., meaning that the instrument is reliable in terms of the higher structural validity (each item is categorized in an appropriate construct category). We expect that the creative engineering problem solving propensity instrument developed in this study can be used in various contexts for STEAM education research as a reliable and valid instrument.