• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.426-434
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• 1988

Series expansion is applied to solve the laminar boundary layer equations for the problem of natural convection from vertical cylinder with uniform surface heat flux. The series in terms of transverse curvature parameter ${\xi}$ is extended to five terms and is well converged by applying the Shanks transform twice. In case of natural convection from a vertical cylinder heated with uniform surface heat flux, it is possible to consider the vertical cylinder as vertical plate under the condition of D/L${\geq}$A/$(Gr_L^*)^{1/5}$, where A is in the range of 5.7~55.2. Also, mean Nusselt number ${\overline{Nu_L}}$ can be represented as $C_1(Ra_L^*)^{1/5}$, where $C_1$ is a constant which depends on Pr and is in the range of 0.5~0.8.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2015

This research studied a scaling analysis for the selection of proper heat generation at tube for 1/4-scale storage vaults. First of all, the temperature field and velocity distribution of an original scale storage vault were analyzed and then numerical analysis of a 1/4-scale storage vault was performed to compare each model. The proper heat generation for a 1/4-scale storage vault, at which the temperature and velocity field of a 1/4-scale storage vault showed the best agreement with that of the original storage vault, was evaluated with proposed dimensionless parameters. The behavior of temperature and velocity of fluid in the 1/4-scale case were most similar to those of the original scale, using a heat flux 1.3 times higher than that seen in the original scale, which was approximately 190 W.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2009

17 kinds of fire resistant paint which are currently used were painted on the MDF(middle density fiber board), which suitable to the regulation of Fire Service Act. And we investigate a ignition delay effect under a exposure condition of radiative heat of fire. Radiative heat flux was controlled from $10kW/m^2$ to $30kW/m^2$ using the cone heater. Ignition time, ignition type and surface temperature of the sample were measured. Based on the experimental result, critical heat flux of the fire resistant paint treated sample was $10kW/m^2$ and there were no ignition delay effect above the $30kW/m^2$. And it was found that it will be difficult to expect the fire resistant effect above $400^{\circ}C$ of sample surface temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.342-348
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• 2017

In this paper, film cooling characteristics at supersonic free stream conditions were examined experimentally by applying an IR-thermography. Film cooling experiments were carried out in a free-jet facility at Mach number of 3.0 and with unit Reynolds number of $42.53{\times}10^6$ and $69.35{\times}10^6$ using wedge shaped film cooling model which has a converging film cooling nozzle. Film cooling efficiency was calculated by measuring the surface temperature of PEEK(Polyether Ether Ketone) and the effects of angle of attack and blowing ratios on the film cooling efficiency were examined. The measured wall temperature was significantly reduced by the film cooling flow compared with the results without the film cooling flow. The usefulness of film cooling was also confirmed by the surface heat flux calculated using the surface temperature history of PEEK. As the blowing ratio increases the protected area of PEEK was also expanded along the direction of free stream and film cooling flow.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

Heat regenerator occupied by regenerative materials improves thermal efficiency of regenerative combustion system through the recovery of heat of exhaust gaset. By using one-dimensional two-phase fluid dynamics model, the unsteady thermal flow of heat regenerator with spherical particles, was numerically simulated to evaluate the heat transfer and pressure drop and thereby to suggest the parameter for designing heat regenerator. It takes about 7 hours for the steady state of the flow field in regenerator, in which heat absorption of regenerative particle is concurrent with the same magnitude of heat desorption. The regenerative particle experiences small temperature fluctuation below 10 K during the reversing process. The performance of thermal flow in heat regenerator varies with inlet velocity of exhaust gas and air, configuration of regenerator (cross-sectional area and length) and diameter of regenerative particle. As the gas velocity increases, the heat transfer between gas and particle enhances and with the increase the pressure losses. As particle diameter decreases, the air is preheated higher and the exhaust gases are cooled more with the increase of pressure losses.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.489-497
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• 2020

The Li-ion battery is considered to be one of the potential power sources for electric vehicles. In fact, the efficiency, reliability, and cycle life of Li-ion batteries are highly influenced by their thermal conditions. Therefore, a novel thermal management system is highly required to simultaneously achieve high performance and long life of the battery pack. Basically, thermal modeling is a key issue for the novel thermal management of Li-ion battery systems. In this paper, as a basic study for battery thermal modeling, temperature distributions inside the simple Li-ion battery pack (comprises of nine 18650 Li-ion batteries) under a 1C discharging condition were investigated using measurement and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation approaches. The heat flux boundary conditions of battery cells for the CFD thermal analysis of battery pack were provided by the measurement of single battery cell temperature. The temperature distribution inside the battery pack were compared at six monitoring locations. Results show that the accurate estimation of heat flux at the surface of single cylindrical battery is paramount to the prediction of temperature distributions inside the Li-ion battery under various discharging conditions (C-rates). It is considered that the research approach for the estimation of temperature distribution used in this study can be used as a basic tool to understand the thermal behavior of Li-ion battery pack for the construction of effective battery thermal management systems.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.60-67
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• 2010

Fire model shall be verified and validated to reliably predict the consequences of fires within its limitations. Generally the verification and validation procedures are conducted by comparison with experimental test data. This study aims to evaluate predictive capabilities of FDS in the pool fire with two rooms and the sensitivity between input parameters such as heat release rate and ventilation rate and the output values like temperature, concentration, and heat flux. The predictive capabilities of FDS will be evaluated by comparing FDS simulation results with PRISME experimental data which result from the international fire test project. The sensitivity analysis will be conducted to decide which one of input parameters affects outcomes by comparison of FDS results with ${\pm}$ 10% changes of input parameter. From this study, the FDS predictive capabilities are within 20% error range. Heat release rate as input parameter affects most of outcomes and flow rate only has relation with concentration of oxygen and combustion products.

• Solar Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 1998

A study on a buoyancy effect by the temperature difference between a inner room air and a inflowing cool air and also by Inlet velocity can contribute greatly to enhance performance of air conditioning system, so the study on the distribution characteristics of inflowed cool air is important to analyze the cool air storage in a room. For this study, in the real-sized model room, the temperature differences between inflowing cool air and inner room air are 10, 20, $30^{\circ}C$, and the inlet velocities of inflowing cool air are 1, 2, 3m/s respectively as dynamic parameters. Also, a anemos and a vane type diffuser are used as inlet geometric conditions. Following conclusions have been obtained through this study. 1) In case of the anemos type diffuser, it is found that a dimensionless temperature profile is low and the distribution of the inflowed cool air is uniform. and also, all diffuusers have a low temperature of the inner room as increasing the inlet velocity. 2) A mixing takes place rapidly in case of the anemos type diffuser when the temperature difference is low ${\Delta}T=10^{\circ}C$ and the inletvelocity is high V=3m/s. and the mixing degree is higher with the anemos type diffuser than the vane.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.598-605
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• 1985

Laminar natural convection heat transfer past an outer rectangular corner was experimentally investigated by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The present geometry represents the case when the plume from a vertical flat plate and that from a horizontal one merge into a single plume. the temperature distribution and the local heat flux were measured in the range of Grashof number 8 * 10$^{4}$$r_{LH}$ <1.25 * 10$^{6}$ . The effect of the geometric aspect ratio was also considered. Correlation for the average Nusselt number vs. Grashof number was obtained by using a newly determined characteristic length. To determine the interaction of the plumes, the present results were compared with the similarity solutions available from the isolated vertical and isolated horizontal flat plates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.795-803
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• 2015

The boundary layer developing over the suction surface of a first-stage turbine blade for power generation has been investigated in this study. For three locations selected in the region where local thermal load changes dramatically, mean velocity, turbulence intensity, and one-dimensional energy spectrum are measured with a hot-wire anemometer. The results show that the suction-surface boundary layer suffers a transition from a laminar flow to a turbulent one. This transition is confirmed to be a "separated-flow transition", which usually occurs in the shear layer over a separation bubble. The local minimum thermal load on the suction surface is found at the initiation point of the transition, whereas the local maximum thermal load is observed at the location of very high near-wall turbulence intensity after the transition process. Frequency characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy before and after the transition are understood clearly from the energy spectrum data.