• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.542-549
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• 1999

The hydrothermal extracts were produced from fish head and their functional properties were investigated. The extracts exhibited an antioxidative effect and synergistic effect with $\alpha$-tocopherol by measuring peroxide values. The $5\%$ solution showed more antioxidative effect than $1\%$ solution. The extracts showed cryopropective effect, but the effect was less than sucrose. The solubility of the extracts was over $70\%$ in the all range of pH, and its lowest solubility was shown in pH 3.0. The extracts exhibited an emulsifying activity less than sugar ester (EAI=34.72) and little higher than or similiar to egg white (EAI= 14.69). The extracts showed a relatively high foam activity. The osmolality of the hydrothermal extracts at $1.0\%$ concentration were 23$\~$31 mOsmole which were much lower than 317 mOsmole at $1\%$ NaCl.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2017

Caesalpinia sappan L. is an oriental medicinal plant distributed in the Asia Pacific region including India, Malaysia, and China. The dried heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan has been traditionally used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug. In this study, the effects of extract methods of C. sappan on contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity were evaluated. As a result, hot water extract from C. sappan (CSWE) significantly exhibited contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids (22.6 mg GAE/g and 14.5 mg QE/g) higher than 70% ethanol extract (CSEE) (17.6 mg GAE/g and 13.2 mg QE/g). However, CSEE showed greater antioxidant activity than CSWE in both DPPH and ABTS. Also, the cytotoxicity of C. sappan against three kinds of cancer cell lines was higher in CSEE than in CSWE. These results show that ethanol extract is a better extract method than hot water method to maintain antioxidant and anti-cancer activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.790-796
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• 2005

Physiological activities of hot-water extract and various concentration ethanol extracts from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanum F. ) were examined. Total phenol content of extract showed higher content in hot-water extract (41.4 mg/g) than other extracts, Optimum condition of extraction for phenolic was $60\%$ ethanol extract (41.3 mg/g). The ABTS radical decolorilization and antioxidant protection factor were determined. Results shown inhibition rate on ABTS of $60\%$ ethanol extract $(99.8\%)$ and antioxidant protection factor of water extract (1.2 PF). Electron donation ability on DPPH was higher 60$\%$ ethanol extract than another percent ethanol extracts. Also hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of extracts was higher $60\%$ ethanol extracts $(0.03\times100\mu\;M)$ than another extracts because the value of TBARS was lower than another extracts. But hot-water extract had higher inhibitory activities on xanthine oxidase and pancreatin $\alpha$ -amylase than $60\%$ ethanol extract. ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitory activities were equaled to hot water exract and $60\%$ ethanol extract. Protocatecuic acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds as analyzed by HPLC. The results will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional foods for understanding the physiological activities of Bukbunja extracts.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.324-330
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate antioxidant effect and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of white beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) extracts. The white beech mushroom was extracted into hot water and methanol. Total polyphenol content was highest in the hot water extract ($8.4{\pm}3.27mg\;GAE/g$) compared to the methanol extract ($7.3{\pm}2.85mg\;GAE/g$). The flavonoids contents in hot water and methanol extracts were $3.8{\pm}3.81ug/mg$ and $2.5{\pm}1.95ug/mg$, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of extract was increased in a dose dependent manner and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of extract (hot water extract, 69.72%; methanol extract, 52.67% at 40 mg/ml) was lower than those of positive control 2% arbutin (96%). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the hot water and methanol extract was 80% and 74%, respectively. Hot water extract ($63.34{\pm}1.00uM\;TE/g$) were more effective in ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) value than methanol extract ($46.33{\pm}0.48uM\;TE/g$). The toxicity of hot water and methanol extracts was investigated using WST-1 (4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulphonate) assay on the B16BL6 melanoma cells.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.317-320
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• 2004

Physiological effects of curcumin, major yellow-colored pigment in tumeric (Curcuma longa L.), extracted by traditional extracting methods, ethanol and hot-water extractions, and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using supercritical carbon dioxide as new extracting method. Antioxidative activity of ethanol extract was higher than those of SFE and hot-water extracts. Results of Ames mutagenicity test on SFE, ethanol, and hot-water extracts revealed no mutagen in the extracts. Antimutagenicity rates of SFE, ethanol, and hot-water extracts against direct mutagen, 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), were 20.1, 9.3, and 15.2%, respectively. Antimutagenicity rate of SFE extract against TA98 derived from indirect mutagen, 2-acetamidofluorene (2-AF), was 12.2%, whereas none was observed in ethanol and hot-water extracts. Nitrite-scavenging ability of SFE extract was higher than those of ethanol and not-water extracts.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1567-1574
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• 2020

This study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf and stem of Ixeris dentate extract by hot water and 70% ethanol. The total flavonoid and polyphenol in 70% ethanol extract of leaf and stem of Ixeris dentate were significantly higher than those of hot water extracts. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity of 70% ethanol extract of leaf was higher than that of hot water extract of leaf. 70% ethanol extract of leaf was the highest on the DPPH and ABTS activity. Nitric oxide(NO) production of 70% ethanol extract was higher than that of hot water extract. According to this study, it was found that there was difference in physiological activity due to extraction solvents of each part of Ixeris dentate and it is believed that it can be used as an ingredient of functional foods using Ixeris dentate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.1273-1278
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• 2016

In this study, we optimized conditions for extraction of eleutherosides B and E from stem powder of Acanthopanax. To enhance eleutheroside B and E yields, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Seeman and Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim were pre-incubated with the following enzymes: Celluclast, Viscozyme L, Lactozyme, Lecitase, and Novozyme 33095. Treatment with Novozyme 33095, a commercial pectinase, for 3 h resulted in the highest yields of eleutherosides B and E from A. sessiliflorus and E. senticosus. Compared with extraction at $121^{\circ}C$ for 120 min, at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min after Novozyme 33095 pre-incubation increased eleutheroside B and E yields from A. sessiliflorus by 7% and 17%, respectively. In the case of E. senticosus, eleutheroside B and E yields increased by 25% and 29%, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2003

Black liquor staining for the development of natural color of bleached Hanji caused problems of discoloration and degradation. This study was carried out not only to complement these problems but also to develop natural dyeing method that was similar to the color of unbleached Hanji, through the dyeing of rice straw extractives. The dyeing properties of Hanji were influenced more by dyestuffs extraction method than extraction and dyeing time. Dyeing ability of hot water extractives was superior to cold-water extractives. Without the relation to the time of extraction and dyeing, the color of Hanji dyeing hot water extractives were similar to the control, and the color of Hanji dyed for 45 min with hot water extractives that extracted for 120 min, were almost same as the control. As natural dyestuffs, hot water extractives of rice straw showed that excellent dyeing ability for the development of various natural colors similar to unbleached Hanjis.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2014

This study was to comparative analysis that different methods of extraction about total sugar content which the major functional components of edible and medicinal mushrooms. Through the phenol-sulfuric acid method was measured that Hot water extraction, acid extraction, and alkaline extraction. Drawing the standard curve to obtain the concentration of the glucose solution and the sample by applying the measured absorbance on the standard curve. Total sugar contents was measured after extraction with different solvents.(Hot water, 70% EtOH, 80% MeOH). The level of total sugar in Cordyceps militaris is highest in the hot water extraction with 658.4(${\mu}g/g$) and Coriolus versicolor in 649.7(${\mu}g/g$) and 679.0(${\mu}g/g$) was found as the highest in the acid extraction and the alkaline extraction. C. militaris and ASI 7025 showed the highest level in the hot water extraction. Finally, C. versicolor, Sparassis crispa showed that higher than the other mushrooms at the 1hr, 2hr microwave extraction. It was varied total sugar content according to the different extraction solvent and the extraction method.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activities and the whitening effect of mulberry (Morus alba L.) root bark extracts. The antioxidant activities of water and 70% ethanol extracts of mulberry root bark were 65.8% and 87.0% in the DPPH assay at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ ; 89.3% and 77.1% in the ABTS assay at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. Xanthine oxidase inhibition of water and 70% ethanol extracts were 100% and 96.2% at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. Nitric oxide radical inhibition of water and 70% ethanol extracts showed 43.5% and 53.0% at $500\;{\mu}g/ml$, and it was similar to the BHA effect(43.8%). Tyrosinase inhibitory activities of water and 70% ethanol extracts were 79.6% and 93.5% at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. These results confirm that mulberry root bark has the great potential to be a cosmeceutical ingredient with a natural antioxidant and a skin-whitening effect.