• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 1983

Four of non- isothermal methods evaluating kinetics have been studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) and applied for kinetics of the thermal decomposition of cellulose. It is concluded that the heating evolution methods with DSC and approximative methods with TC can lead to satisfactory kinetic analysis. Results calculating the reacting order and the activation energy of cellulose decomposition were 1/2 order and 42kcaB/mol, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.27-32
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• 1995

석탄가스화 복합발전은 최소 14기압이상의 가압상태에서 석탄을 가스화시킨다. 이에 따른 가압상태의 석탄가스화반응을 규명하기 위하여 고압 Thermogravimetry를 사용하여 열분해특성을 측정하였고, 생성물질은 on-line으로 연결한 Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry로 분석하였다. 가압상태에 따른 열분해특성은 char 분해반응 단계에서 현격한 차이를 나타내었고, 수증기 주입에 따른 가스화반응에 의하여 80$0^{\circ}C$이상에서 큰 질량변화 차이를 보여줌을 확인하였다. 또한, Pittsburgh탄에서는 가압의 조건이 bitumen의 열분해시작을 늦추고 스팀은 전 열분해반응에서 방출되는 나프탈렌의 양을 증가시킨다. 유시 벨리탄에서는 char의 가스화에 의하여 나프탈렌 및 벤젠류의 발생이 스팀이 없는 상태에 비해 지연되었다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2019

Several types of reactors have been used during the past decade to perform fast pyrolysis of biomass. Among the developed fast pyrolysis reactors, fluidized bed reactors have been widely used in the fast pyrolysis process. In recent years, experimental studies have been conducted on the characteristics of biomass fast pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. The fluidization characteristics of a spouted bed reactor are influenced by particle properties, fluid jet velocity, and the structure of the core and annulus. The geometry of the spouted bed reactor is the main factor determining the structure of the core and annulus. Accordingly, to optimize the design of a spouted bed reactor, it is necessary to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass. However, no detailed investigations have been made of the fast pyrolysis characteristics of biomass in accordance with the geometry of the spouted bed reactor. In this study, fast pyrolysis experiments using Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake were conducted in a conical spouted bed reactor to study the effects of reaction temperature and reactor cone angle on the product yield and pyrolysis oil quality. The highest energy yield of pyrolysis oil obtained was 63.9% with a reaction temperature of $450^{\circ}C$ and reactor cone angle of $44^{\circ}$. The results showed that the reaction temperature and reactor cone angle affected the quality of the pyrolysis oil.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.47-53
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• 2014

Effective treatment and energy conversion technologies are necessary due to the ban of the dumping of organic waste including the sewage sludge. In this study, the kinetics of pyrolysis and combustion were derived in a TGA and thermobalance reactor, which is essential for thermal conversion of sewage sludge to energy. Three steps are shown for the pyrolysis in TGA and the different pre-exponential factors and activation energies are derived depending on the temperature range. Three models of gassolid reaction were applied to the reaction kinetics analysis for the combustion of sewage sludge char and shrinking core model was an appropriated model. Apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were evaluated and the effect of oxygen partial pressure was examined.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2013

Thermal degradation behavior of chlorine cure-site ACM and carboxylic cure-site ACM rubbers was studied by non-isothermal TGA thermal analysis. Carboxylic cure-site ACM rubber exhibited comparatively more thermally stable than chlorine cure-site ACM, showing higher peak temperature, at which maximum reaction rate occurred. Activation energies from Kissinger method were calculated as 118.6 kJ/mol for the chlorine cure-site ACM and 105.5 kJ/mol for the carboxylic cure-site ACM, showing similar values from Flynn-Wall-Ozawa analysis over the conversion range of 0.1~0.2. From the analysis of the reaction order change, both samples seemed thermally decomposed through the multiple reaction mechanism as is the common rubber materials.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 2010

In this study, fluidized-bed pyrolysis has been conducted in order to recover the bitumen contained in the oil sand. Canada Alberta oil sand contains 11.9% of bitumen and the bitumen-derived heavy oil produced in fluidizedbed tends to be upgraded relative to the bitumen. The continuous operation has been performed using $N_2$ as a fluidization gas at 1 atm and $500^{\circ}C$ in a reactor of 170 cm height. The results showed 87.76% of bitumen conversion, where liquid products are 74.45% and gas products are 13.31%. $H_2$, $O_2$, CO, $CO_2$, $CH_4$, and NO and $C_1{\sim}C_4$ hydrocarbons in the gas products were analyzed by on-line gas analyzer and gas chromatography, respectively. The pyrolysis oil was analyzed by using proximate analysis, heavy metal analysis, SIMDIS, asphaltenes, and heating value. By SIMDIS analysis, naphtha was 11.50%, middle distillation was 44.83% and heavy oil was 43.66%. It was obvious that the pyrolysis oil was upgraded compared with bitumens.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.687-692
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• 2016

Biomass has been concerned as one of the alternative energy resources because it is renewable, abundant worldwide, eco-friendly, and carbon neutral. Quercus variabilis has been studied to understand pyrolysis reaction characteristics, and to evaluate the efficiency of bio-energy production from fast pyrolysis. Quercus variabilis were fast pyrolyzed in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor at various reaction conditions. The effects of pyrolysis temperature between $400^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$ on product yields were investigated. The yield of bio-oil was changed between 36.98 wt% and 39.14 wt%, and those of gas yield was 33.40 and 36.96 wt% with increasing reaction temperature. The higher heating value (HHV) of bio-oil at $500^{\circ}C$ ($3.0{\times}U_{mf}$) was 20.18 MJ/kg. The gas compositions were similar for all reaction conditions such as CO, $CO_2$ and $CH_4$, and $CO_2$ selectivity was the highest (37.16~50.94 mol%). The bio-oil has high selectivities for furfural, phenol and their derivatives such as 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 2-methoxy-phenol, 1,2-benzendiol, 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.249.1-249.1
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• 2010

현재 농업부산 폐자원은 퇴비, 가축사료 등의 단순 활용이 대부분을 차지하고 있어, 열분해 가스화를 통한 고효율 에너지 이용 시스템 개발로 기존 단순 활용에 그치던 농업부산 폐자원의 고부가가치 이용이 절실히 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 초본계 농업부산물인 왕겨를 이용한 열분해 가스화 시스템에 대한 특성 파악 및 초본계 농업부산물을 이용한 에너지자원화 및 고효율 에너지 이용을 위한 방안을 모색하고자 다양한 조건에서 전산해석을 수행하였다. 공정해석에 사용된 왕겨는 수분함량 11.33%, 회분함량 10.66%, 가연분 함량, 78.01%의 조성으로, 발열량은 LHV 기준으로 3,729 kcal/kg 였다. 상용해석 프로그램을 사용하여 열분해로의 열손실, 투입되는 시료의 가스화 반응 비율 변화, 열분해 가스화 반응의 산화제로 사용되는 공기의 유량 변화에 따른 발생되는 가스의 유량, 성상, 온도 특성을 파악하였다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.761-762
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• 2000

Waste newspaper is many part of Municipal Solid Waste(MSW). Newspaper consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which biomass components. We could get various compound usable as fuel when pyrolysis of lignin. Therefore, we should get similar phenomena with pyrolysis of newspaper. Highest conversion rate when acetone was used as pyrolysis solvent was $350 {\sim}400^{\circ}C$, $40{\sim}50$minutes.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.553-556
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• 2005

Pyrolysis of polyethylene was carried out in the stainless steel reactor of internal volume of $40cm^3$. Pyrolysis reactions were performed at temperature $390-450^{\circ}C$ and the pyrolysis product were collected separately as reaction products and gas products. The molecular weight distributions(MWDs) of each liquid product were determined by GC-SIMDIS. Molecular weight of each product were decreased wi th increase of react ion temperature and time.