Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
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Fast Pyrolysis Characteristics of Jatropha Curcas L. Seed Cake with Respect to Cone Angle of Spouted Bed Reactor

분사층 반응기의 원뿔각에 따른 Jatropha Curcas L. Seed Cake의 급속열분해 특성

  • Park, Hoon Chae (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Byeong-Kyu (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Hyo Sung (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Choi, Hang Seok (Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2019.03.20
  • Accepted : 2019.04.10
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Several types of reactors have been used during the past decade to perform fast pyrolysis of biomass. Among the developed fast pyrolysis reactors, fluidized bed reactors have been widely used in the fast pyrolysis process. In recent years, experimental studies have been conducted on the characteristics of biomass fast pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. The fluidization characteristics of a spouted bed reactor are influenced by particle properties, fluid jet velocity, and the structure of the core and annulus. The geometry of the spouted bed reactor is the main factor determining the structure of the core and annulus. Accordingly, to optimize the design of a spouted bed reactor, it is necessary to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass. However, no detailed investigations have been made of the fast pyrolysis characteristics of biomass in accordance with the geometry of the spouted bed reactor. In this study, fast pyrolysis experiments using Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake were conducted in a conical spouted bed reactor to study the effects of reaction temperature and reactor cone angle on the product yield and pyrolysis oil quality. The highest energy yield of pyrolysis oil obtained was 63.9% with a reaction temperature of $450^{\circ}C$ and reactor cone angle of $44^{\circ}$. The results showed that the reaction temperature and reactor cone angle affected the quality of the pyrolysis oil.

바이오매스의 급속열분해를 위하여 지난 수십 년간 다양한 형태의 반응기가 개발되었다. 급속열분해 공정의 반응기는 유동층 반응기가 많이 사용되어 왔으며, 최근에는 분사층 반응기를 이용한 바이오매스의 급속열분해 특성에 대한 연구가 다수의 연구자들에 의해 수행되고 있다. 분사층 반응기의 유동화 특성은 입자의 물리적 특성, 유체 제트의 속도, core와 annulus의 구조에 영향을 받으며, 반응기의 기하학적 구조는 분사층 내부의 core와 annulus 구조를 결정하는 주요 인자이다. 따라서 분사층 반응기의 최적설계를 위해서는 열분해 반응에 영향을 주는 인자에 대한 바이오매스의 급속열분해 특성에 대한 연구가 수행되어야 한다. 하지만 분사층 반응기의 기하학적 구조에 의한 바이오매스의 급속열분해 특성은 자세히 연구되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 분사층 반응기의 원뿔각과 반응 온도 변화에 따른 Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake의 급속열분해 실험을 수행하여 분사층 반응기의 최적 형상과 반응 온도를 도출하였다. 실험결과, 열분해 오일의 에너지 수율은 반응 온도 $450^{\circ}C$, 분사층 반응기의 원뿔각 $44^{\circ}$에서 63.9%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 그리고 분사층 반응기 내 고체입자의 열전달과 기체상 열분해 생성물의 체류시간은 원뿔각의 영향을 받아 열분해 생성물의 수율 및 열분해 오일의 품질에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Schematic diagram of spouted bed.

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Figure 2. Photograph of Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake.

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Figure 3. Geometric factors of conical spouted bed reactor.

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Figure 4. Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus.

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Figure 5. TG and DTG curves of Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake.

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Figure 6. Influence of cone angle and reaction temperature on products yield.

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Figure 7. Influence of cone angle and reaction temperature on pyrolysis oil quality.

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Figure 8. Influence of cone angle and reaction temperature on energy yield of pyrolysis oil.

Table 1. Physical characteristics of Jatropha curcas L. seed shell cake

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Table 2. Experimental conditions

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