• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.3 s.37
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• pp.83-96
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• 2005

To assess the food intake and diet quality of high school students who live in Chuncheon area, a dietary survey using 24-hour recall method was conducted with 318 subjects. $71.4\%$ of total food intake was in the form of plant foods and the rest on the form of animal food. Diet quality was assessed by food group pattern, dietary diversity score(DDS), and dietary variety score(DVS). When counting the major food groups consumed, $37.1\%$ of subjects had a DDS of 3 and $48.4\%$ of subjects had a DDS of 4. When investigating the consumption pattern of the major five food groups, only $14.5\%$ of subjects consumed foods from all five groups. On average, subjects habitually consumed 26.7 different foods daily, with the mean score of diet variety for males (27.3) being significantly higher than for females (25.8) . Correlation coefficients between nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and DVS ranged from r=0.39 for vitamin $B_2$ to r=0.61 for phosphorus. NAR also improved as the number or foods or rna groups consumed increased (p<0.001). Associations between the NAR and high level of DVS was more positive than those between the NAR with DDS. When assessing the dietary quality of subjects using DDS and DVS, many people appeared not to have a desirable food intake. Therefore, to lead them to have nutritionally balanced diet, educating students and their parents on nutrients and suggesting guidelines for a desirable diet is considered to be essential so that they can intake from all of major food group and have various foods in their diet.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2005

This study was conducted from March 21 to July 10 in 2004 at JeJu to investigate the influences of worm casting organic fertilizer rates (0, 150, 300, 450, 600 kg/10a) on creeping bentgrass sward. The result obtained were summarized as follows; plant height was getting longer as organic fertilizer increased from 0 to 600 kg/10a. But it was no significance from 450 to 600kg/10a. Root length, SPAD reading value, leave and root weight were the same trend with plant height response. Percentage of land cover and density of creeping bentgrass increased as fertilizer rate increased from 0 to 600 kg/10a. But percentage of land cover and density of weed decreased. Number of weed species were decreased as increasing of organic fertilizers. Then ranking of the dominant weeds were Chenopodium album var. cetrorubrum and Digitaria adscendens, Polygonum hydropiper (at 0kg/10a), Portulaca oleracea and Digitaria adscendens, Polygonum hydropiper (at 150kg/10a), Polygonum hydropiper and Poa annua, Digitaria adscendens (at 450 kg/10a), Polygonum hydropipr and Digitaria adscendens, Portulaca oleracea (at 600 kg/10a).

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.75-113
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• 1982

Studies were carried out 1) to define the shape and size of sampling quadrat and its number of observations for weed experiments, 2) to characterize the growth and community of major summer weeds under upland condition and 3) to investigate the factors influencing competition between weeds and soybeans under weed-free and weedy conditions in early and late season cultures. No significant difference was noted among different shapes of quadrat (regular, rectangular, band, and circular) in the sampling efficiency of weeds. The results also suggested that the minimum size of quadrat was 0.25$m^2$ and the minimum number of replication was 2 times per plot. The major dominant weeds were about 10 species in the experimental field and the total number of weeds was in the range of 70 - 1,600 plants per $m^2$. Among the weeds Digitaria sanguinalis and Portulaca oleracea were the most dominant species. Growth amount and reproduction capability were also measured by weed species. Five different weed communities were identified in the field. The degree of dispersion by weed species and association among weeds were investigated. Intra-(within soybeans) and inter-specific (between soybeans and weeds) competition were studied in early and late season cultures of soybeans. The average yield of soybeans per plant was significantly decreased in both season cultures due to intra-specific competition as the planting density of soybeans increased, On the other hand, the average yield of soybeans per l0a was proportionally increased to the increase of planting density and the rate of its increase was more significant under weedy than weed-free condition. Most of the agronomic characteristics of soybeans were affected by weeds and its degree was greater in sparse planting than in dense planting and in early season than in late-season culture. Digitaria sanguinalis was the most competitive to soybeans in early season and both of Digitaria sanguinalis and Portulaca oleracea affected primarily the growth of soybeans in late season with about the same competitiveness. The occurrence of weeds was significantly decreased in early season and slightly decreased in late-season by dense planting of soybeans. The total growth amount of weeds was also considerably decreased by increase of soybean planting density both in early- and late-season cultures. The occurrence of Digitaria sanguinalis which was the most dominant in both seasons, and its growth amount was significantly decreased as the planting density of soybean was increased. On the other hand, the occurrence of Portulaca oleracea which was only dominant in late-season culture did not show significant response to the planting density of soybeans.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.400-401
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• 2001

Persicaria hydropiper juice was applied to develop a novel meidum for the mass cultivation of an antifungal bacterium, Bacillus lentimorbus G-74. In this research, a optimized culture condition of B. lentimorbus G-74 were detenninecl. Persicaria hyclropiper juice was contained 1.76% nitrogen, 0.15% phosphorus, 18,230 ppm potassium, 13,753 ppm calcium and 4,844 ppm magnesium. The optimal growth was obtained when the juice was a 30%(v/v) level. The optimum temperature and pH for the bacterial growth were $35^{\circ}C$ and 5.0, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.44-53
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• 1999

This paper is the fifth contribution towards taxonomic studies on Cercospora and allied genera, and contains ten species of Korean cercosporoid fungi; viz., Cercospora adusta, C. chrysanthemi, C. ludwigiana, C. zebrina, Passalora depressa, Pseudocercospora destructiva, P. lonicericola, P. nojimai, Pseudocercosporella inconspicua, and Ramularia major. Morphological characteristics of taxonomic value are described and illustrated for these species to contribute towards a mycological monograph of Korean cercosporoid fungi.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 1978

This experiments were conducted to find out the physiological characteristics of lowland weed for physiological control. Temperature, moisture, light, oxygen. carbon dioxide and soil texture effect on germination and sprouting of weed seed. But this research was conducted to know the relationship between oxygen concentration and germination on 7 species weed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.22-22
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• 2010

식생활의 변화, 공해 등의 환경변화 등으로 인하여 아토피 환자가 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 본 연구소에서는 자원식물로부터 아토피 치료제 개발을 위하여 면역세포의 탈과립화억제를 통하여 수종의 식물 자원을 탐색한 바 있다. 애기땅빈대, 여뀌, 고들빼기 등으로부터 유효성분 분리하여 산업화 단계에 있으며, 특히 본 연구에서는 한약자원인 지모로부터 분리된 성분에 대하여 보고하고자 한다. 지모는 현재 수많은 보고를 통하여 항암성분, 여성호르몬조절성분 등이 보고되고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 nyasol을 비롯하여 4개의 유도체를 분리하였다. 분리된 성분에 대한 면역세포 탈과립화억제 평가를 수행하였으며, 이들 성분이 함유되어 있는 MeOH추출물에서 systemic 및 passive anaphylaxis 억제 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 특히, 이들 성분에 대한 유도체 합성을 진행하고 있으며, 이에 대하여 면역세포 탈과립화 억제를 통한 항아토피 및 항알러지에 대한 연구결과를 보고하고자 한다. 이들의 성분과 합성 유도체들은 항아토피에 활용될 수 있으며, 지모추출물자체로도 화장품, 식품, 의약품에 적용이 가능할 정도로 우수한 효능이 확인되었으며, 앞으로 이들 유도체에 대한 의약품 개발연구가 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 1989

Stomatal variation was observed at the Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station in 1988 using 42 rice cultivars and 30 weed species. The shape, density or size of stomata was varied depending on the species. Two general trends, however, were found that more number of stomata was found at lower leaf epidermis than upper leaf epidermis and stomata number was negatively correlated with stomata size. Aneilema japonica and Portulaca oleracea had the least number of stomata having 17-20 stomata per $m^2$ for upper leaf epidermis and 17-54 stomata for lower leaf epidermis while Polygonum conspicuum had the greatest number of stomata (449 for upper leaf epidermis and 511 for lower leaf epidermis). Soybean, Aeschynomene indica, Ludwigia prostrata and Lactuca indica had the smallest in stomata size while the biggest stomata was found at P. oleracea and A. Japonica that had the least number of stomata. Cyperus species such as C. difformis, C. iria and C. serotinus had no stomata at upper leaf epidermis. The stomata were distributed only at lower leaf epidermis for these species. Potamogeton distinctus, on the other hand, had stomata almost at upper leaf epidermis and thus, hardly found the stomata at lower leaf epidermis. Among rice cultivars, Tongil-type had the greatest number of stomata followed by Indica-type and Japonica-type, in order. Cultivars released after 1960 had more stomata than cultivars released before 1960 for Japonica-type cultivars while stomata size had reversed trend. Jinheung had the least number of stomata (${\fallingdotseq}$ 150 per $mm^2$) while Yushin had the greatest number of stomata (350 for upper and 449 for lower leaf epidermis, respectively) among rice cultivars. Other cultivars having more than 350 stomata per $mm^2$ were Samgangbyeo, Milyang 23, Woonbongbyeo, etc.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1985

This study was conducted to investigate the important weeds occurring in onion and garlic planted in paddy field as the succeeding crop of rice and to evaluate the effect of competition between these crops and weeds on the yield of onion and garlic. In terms of quantity occurred, Persicaria hydropiper, Chenopodium ficifolium, Alopecurus aequalis, Poligonum aviculare, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Bothrisospermum tenellum appeared to be the major weeds in onion and garlic fields. Annual broadleaves were composed of 90.0 and 94.3% of total weed dry weight in onion and in garlic fields, respectively. Among these weeds, P. hydropiper was the most dominant species in onion and C. ficifolium in garlic fields. The higher Simpson's index such as 0.67 in garlic as compared to 0.40 in onion can be attributed to the presence of a C. ficifolium, which is existed in a single dominant species. The full season competition between the crops and these weeds resulted in yield reduction of onion by 23.9% and garlic by 31.9%, showing weed dry weight, 448.18 and 418.40 g/$m^2$ in onion and garlic fields, respectively. The maintenance of weed free condition for about 4 weeks after weed emergence could be the prerequisite to obtain the maximum yield of these two crops.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.836-841
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• 2012

Distributions and growth of submerged plants with water level were investigated in a flood control reservoir around Dongbok Lake. In adddition, the total amount of biomass and uptakes of plants per unit area ($m^2$) in the flood control reservoir were investigated. The total vegetation area was $156,871m^2$ in the Dongbok flood control reservoir ($209,160m^2$) before flooding. By July 11, the Dongbok flood control reservoir was flooded during rainy season except for upper area. Dominant plants were CRXDM (Carex dimorpholepis Steud), ECHCF (Echinochloa crusgalli), POLHY (Polygonum hydropiper L) and BROTE (Bromus tectorum L) which occupied 75% of the flood control reservoir. The total amounts of organic matter uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates by CRXDM, ECHCF, POLHY and BROTE under different submerged plants were 65.5, 6.8, 7.0 and 13.0%, respectively. The total amount of nitrogen uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates at different submerged plants were in the order of CRXDM ($1.30g\;m^{-2}$) > POLHY ($0.34g\;m^{-2}$) > BROTE ($0.30g\;m^{-2}$) > ECHCF ($0.25g\;m^{-2}$). The total amounts of phosphorus uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates at different submerged plants were great in the order of CRXDM (51.8%) > BROTE (17.7%) > POLHY (10.3%) > ECHCF (9.6%). Thus, the results of this study suggest that O.M, T-N and T-P by submerged plants in Dongbok Lake were strongly influenced at water quality in flood control reservoir.