• Title/Summary/Keyword: 에틸렌옥사이드

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A Study on Formation of Hemoglobin Adduct in Blood of Mice Inhaled with Ethylene Oxide (에틸렌옥사이드에 폭로된 흰쥐의 혈액에 형성된 헤모글로빈 부가체에 대한 연구)

  • Lee Jin-Heon;Shin Ho-Sang;Ahn Hye-Sil
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.32 no.2 s.89
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    • pp.164-170
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    • 2006
  • Ethylene oxide is a genotoxic carcinogen with widespread uses as industrial chemical intermediate and gaseous sterilant. 2-hydroxyethylated N-terminal valine in Hb is a good biomarker for biological monitoring of ethylene oxide exposure, because of its stability. For measuring the hemoglobin adduct formed by exposure of ethylene oxide, we studied the determination of (N-2-hydroxy-ethyl)valine(HEV) in hemoglobin adduct by using GC/MS. Firstly we synthesized HEV with 2-amino-ethanol and bromoisovaleric acid(BIVA) and confirmed it with GC/MS-FID. Its fragmentations were m/z 116(base ion, M+-45) and m/z 130(M+-31). For measuring HEV with higher sensitivity, we use derivatives which were PFPITH(pentafluorophenylisothiocianate) and TBDMS (tributyldimethylsilylation) by using Edman procedure. Its fragmentation were m/z 425(M+-57), m/z 383(M+-99) and m/z 172(M+-310) by using GC/MS. We did biological monitoring for mice inhalation exposure with 400 ppm ethylene oxide. The concentrations of hemoglobin adduct were $168{\pm}3.8\;and\;512{\pm}04$(nmol g-1 globin) at 0.5 hr/day 400 ppm ethylene oxide inhalation exposure group, and $631{\pm}17\;and\;2265{\pm}9.4$(nmol g-1 globin) at 1.0 hr/day 400 ppm ethylene oxide inhalation exposure for 1 and 4 weeks, respectively. We confirmed that (N-2-hydroxy-ethyl)valine(HEV) of hemoglobin was a good biomarker for biomonitoring of ethylene oxide exposure, and can measured with derivatives such as PFPITH(pentafluorophenylisothiocianate) and TBDMS(tributyldimethylsilylation) by using GC/MS.

Studies on the Polymeric Surface Active Agent(V) -The Synthesis of Anionic Oligomer Surfactant with α-Sulfo Alkanoic Acid- (고분자 계면활성제에 관한 연구(제5보) -알파 술폰 지방산 음이온성 올리고머 계면활성제의 합성-)

  • Jeong, N.H.;Park, S.S.;Jeong, H.K.;Cho, K.H.;Nam, K.D.
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.381-392
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    • 1993
  • Anionic oligomer surfactants, dodecyl polyoxyethylene ${\alpha}-sulfa$ alkanoates, had been synthesized through the esterification of dodecyl polyoxyethylene glycol and ${\alpha}-sulfa$ alkanoic acid with straight chain alkyl group having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms to good yield. ${\alpha}-sulfa$ alkanoic acids were obtained by reaction with long chain alkanoic acids and sulfur trioxide-dioxane complex, and dodecyl polyoxyethylene glycols, by addition reaction with dodecyl alcohol and ethylene oxide(addition, 5, 10, 20mol) respectively. All the synthetic products could be separated by means of the thin layer and column chromatography, and their structure has characterized with IR, $^1HNMR$ and elemental analysis, respectively.

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The CO2 Absorption of Synthetic Amine using the Ethylene Oxide-Ammonia Reaction (에폭사이드와 암모니아의 반응을 이용한 합성아민의 이산화탄소 흡수연구)

  • CHOI, JEONGHO;YOON, YEOIL;PARK, SUNGYOUL;BAEK, ILHYUN;NAM, SUNGCHAN
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.561-569
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    • 2017
  • In this study, a synthetic amine made using the ethylene oxide-ammonia reaction was used as an absorbent to remove carbon dioxide. Existing absorbents were used in a mix in order to improve performance; however, because the ethylene oxide-ammonia reaction generates primary, secondary, and tertiary amines simultaneously, it has the merit that separate mixing of the absorbents was not needed. The performance of carbon dioxide absorption with the synthetic amine was compared to that of MEA. As a result of an experiment, it was determined that the $CO_2$ loading was 1.15 times better than that of MEA (a commonly used amine), while the cyclic capacity was 2.28 times higher. Because the heat of reaction was 1.10 times lower than for MEA, the synthetic amine showed superior performance in terms of absorption and regeneration.

Effect Of Silica Concentration and Crosslinking Agent on Adhesion Properties and Thermal Stability Of UV Cured 2-EHA/AA PSAs (자외선 경화형 2-EHA/AA 점착제의 점착 물성 및 열 안정성에 미치는 실리카 함량 및 경화제 효과)

  • Kim, Ho-Gyum
    • Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2015
  • It was investigated that the effect of surface modification and concentration of fumed silica on the adhesion properties and thermal stability of 2-EHA/AA pressure sensitive adhesive (PSAs) prepared by UV irradiation. The influence of repeating units of crosslinking agent on PSAs were also studied. From SEM analysis, PSAs synthesized with surface modified silica had finer dispersion of silica particles in polymer matrix due to the interfacial interaction. Results of the study showed that increase in tack and peel strength when under 0.3 wt% of silane treated silica were added in the reaction mixture. The addition of PEGDMA for crosslinking agent offers positive effect on adhesion properties in comparison with PSAs using EGDMA for crosslinker, which may be attributed to high mobility of ethylene oxide repeating units in PEGDMA. From the thermal degradation residue of PSAs, it was revealed that thermal stability was improved with silica addition due to the strong interfacial bonding between silane modified silica and polymer matrix, which may act as a thermal barriers into 2-EHA/AA PSAs.

Preparation of Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica/Polymer Composite (주기적인 메조포러스 유기실리카/고분자 복합재료 제조)

  • Dun, Li;Sur, Gil-Soo
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.289-293
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    • 2010
  • Periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMO) were synthesized using bis(triethoxy silyl) ethane (BTEE) as the precursor and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(DTMA), cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMA), and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(ODTMA) as the templating agents. The surface area and pore volume of PMO decrease with the increasing of chain length of templating agents. However, the chain length of templating agents almost has no effect on the pore diameter of PMO. From the XRD and the DSC experiments, we found that the chain length of surfactants using as the templating agents has an effect on the melting transition of polyethylene. But it has no effect on the melting transition of poly(ethylene oxide). The results of TGA prove that the thermal decomposition temperature of polymer which was penetrated into PMO was increased.

Study on Softness of an EO Adducted Amine Oxide Zwitterionic Surfactant (EO가 부가된 아민 옥사이드 양쪽성 계면활성제의 유연력에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, JiSung;Mo, DaHee;Lee, JinSun;Park, JunSeok;Han, DongSung;Lim, JongChoo
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.50 no.6
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    • pp.960-968
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    • 2012
  • In this study, the measurement of physical properties of 3 different ethylene oxide adducted zwitterionic surfactants were measured such as critical micelle concentration, surface tension, interfacial tension, contact angle, viscosity and foam stability. Also, the dual function characteristics of the zwitterionic surfactants were investigated by determining an isoelectric point, which were obtained using zeta potential measurement and QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) experiments. The isoelectric point of the synthesized zwitterionic surfactant determined by zeta potential measurement was close to that obtained by QCM experiment and both results have shown almost the same trend as that determined by the frictional property measured using an automated mildness tester. In particular, it has been observed that all three surfactants used during this study provide better softening effect at a pH of neutral condition than at an acidic or an alkaline condition. This result indicates that the synthesized surfactants act as a cationic surfactant at a pH of neutral condition and thus provide good softening effect during a rinsing cycle in the detergency process.

Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube/Poly(ethylene oxide) Hybrids (다중벽 탄소나노튜브/폴리(에틸렌 옥사이드) 복합체 합성)

  • Hong, Chae-Hwan;Han, Do-Suk;Nam, Byeong-Uk
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.198-201
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    • 2010
  • We have worked a surface modification to release a strong agglomeration of multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT) and a incorporation of hydrophilic polymer to improve compatibility between MWCNT and polymers. Carboxylated MWCNT was easily obtained by acid treatment and the carboxylate was converted to acylchloride by thionyl chloride. Then, we tried one more synthesizing routes to achieve covalent bonds with poly(ethylene oxide) having amine end groups of low molecular weight. We measured the polymer content on the surface of MWCNT by TGA and observed increased diameter of MWCNT by SEM and TEM analysis.

Gas Transport Behavior of Modified Carbon Nanotubes/Hydrogel Composite Membranes (개질된 탄소나노튜브/하이드로겔 복합막의 기체 투과 특성)

  • Yoon, Hee Wook;Lee, Hee Dae;Park, Ho Bum
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.375-383
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    • 2013
  • Nanomaterials having large surface area, uniform dimensions or pores can be utilized in various membrane applications Amongst them, many studies have been focused on nanocarbon materials: graphene, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes, one-dimensional structure, have excellent characteristics in thermal, chemical and mechanical strength properties. However, carbon nanotubes was mainly used to reinforce mechanical properties of polymer materials in previous applications. In contrast to previous studies, we focused on modified carbon nanotubes/polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) composite membrane preparation for improvement of permeability and selectivity on gas separation.

Adhesive Properties of Emulsion PSA for Various Nonionic Sorbitan Surfactants (솔비탄계 비이온계면활성제 종류에 따른 에멀션점착제의 점착물성)

  • Lim, Tae Kyun;Lee, Myung Cheon
    • Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.182-187
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    • 2012
  • In making emulsion-type pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), environmentally friendly sorbitan nonionic surfactants having various chemical structures were prepared and used to find out the possibility of substituting the traditional nonyl-phenyl nonionic surfactant (NPE40) by comparing their adhesive properties. Results exhibited that the PSA used NSR10-series and Tween 60 showed better adhesive properties in initial ball tack, peel strength and holding power than those of NPE40. The reason for this is their particular chemical structure and the proper ratio of hydrophobic groups to the ethylene oxide groups.

Effect of Vinyl Ethylene Carbonate on Electrochemical Characteristics for Activated Carbon/Li4Ti5O12 Capacitors (활성탄/리튬티탄산화물 커패시터의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 비닐에틸렌카보네이트의 영향)

  • Kwon, Yong-Kab;Choi, Ho-Suk;Lee, Joong-Kee
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.190-197
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    • 2012
  • We employed the vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) as an electrolyte additive and investigated the effect of the electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performance in hybrid capacitor. The activated carbon was adopted as cathode material, and the $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ oxide was used as anode material. The electrolyte was prepared with the $LiPF_6$ salt in the mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC). We evaluated the electrochemical performance of the hybrid capacitor with increasing the amount of the VEC electrolyte additive, which is known as the remover of oxygen functional group and the stabilizer of the electrode by reducing the surface of electrode, and obtained the superior performance data especially at the addition of the VEC electrolyte additive of around 0.7 vol%. On the contrary, the addition of the VEC more than 0.7 vol% in the electrolyte leads to the degradation in electrochemical performance of hybrid capacitor, suggesting the increase of the side reaction from the excessive VEC additive. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that the addition of the VEC suppressed the formation of LiF component, which is known as the insulator, on the surface of electrode. The optimized addition of VEC exhibited the improved capacity retention around 82.7% whereas the bare capacitors without VEC additive showed the 43.2% of capacity retention after 2500 cycling test.