• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.157-169
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• 1990

This study was designed to investigate the effect of supplementation of fish oil on serum apoprotein and platelet function in healthy young females. Eighteen female college students were divided into 3 groups. Each group fed a typical Korean diet supplemented with 15g, 12g, and 9g of fish oil respectively for 1-week. Blood samples were obtained 4 times, before supplementation, immediately after, 1-week after and 3-week after stopping supplementation. After 6-week break, the doses of fish oil were interchanged among 3 groups and the experiment was repeated to reduce interindividual variation. The concentration of apoprotein A, apoprotein B in the serum samples and the platelet adhesion, the platelet aggregation and bleeding time were determined immediately after supplementation of fish oil, 1-week after and 3-week after stopping supplementation and then the value compared with those of before supplementation period. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Serum apoprotein A levels decreased significantly(p<0.05), immediately after supplementation of fish oil in the 15g group. The serum apoprotein B levels did not show significant change. The platelet adhesion decreased significantly(p<0.05) 1-week after supplementation of fish oil in the 15g group. The platelet aggregation decreased significantly(p<0.01) immedeately after supplementation of fish oil in the 15g group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.468-475
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• 1992

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietaryn-6, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin A levels on humoral immunity in rat. Sixty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 6 different experimental diets for 6 weeks. The diets were composed of 10% of either corn oil or fish oil with various levels of vitamin A ; deficient(12450 IU/kg diet) adequate(4000IU/kg diet) and excess(400,000 IU/kg diet) The weight of spleen from the excess vitamin A-fish oil group showed the lowest value of all the groups when spleen weight was expressed/100g body weight. The number of PFC to SRBC was not affected by dietary at type and vitamin A levels. Hemagglutination titers were significantly lower in fish oil groups compared to corn oil groups and the values of vitamin A deficient groups were lower than the ones of adequate and excess vitamin A groups. IgM contents is serum were significantly lower in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups. IgG contents were higher in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups and the highest levels was recorded in excess vitamin A-fish oil group which showed the smallest speen size. Light microscopical examination showed that spleen tissues of fish oil groups were well developed than those of the corn oil groups and vitamin A deficient and excessive groups showed poor development than the adequate groups. Therefore it is suggested that adequate amounts of vitamin A consumption is necessary for healthy individuals and fish oil intake along with excess vitamin A should be avoided in order to maintain immune function properly.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 1996

내연기관은 19세기에 발명되어 20세기에 이르는 약 100여년에 걸쳐 계속 발달하여, 오늘날은 육.해.공의 각종 원동기로 사용되어 인간생활에 없어서는 안될 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 사용연료는 거의가 액체연료인 석유계가 대부분을 차지하고 있고, 이의 수요가 날로 증가됨으로써 석유자원의 고갈 위기와 함께 유해성 배출가스의 방출에 기인되는 환경오염의 측면에서도 매우 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 종래의 석유계 연료로부터 탈피하여 값싸고 장기적으로 안정하게 고급될 수 있는 대체연료 개발과 에너지 절약기술에 대한 다각적인 연구가 전 세계적으로 확산되고 있다. 이러한 대체연료는 단순히 가격면에서 뿐만 아니라 장기적 공급이 가능해야 하고 또한 석유자원의 고갈과 비상시의 대비를 위한 관점에서도 취급되어야 할 것으로 본다. 이러한 관점에서 어유는 어류의 자원이 고갈되지 않는 한 생산이 계속 가능하므로 대체연료로서의 이용가치를 검토할 필요가 있다고 본다. 따라서, 본 해설에서는 디젤기관용 대체연료로서 가격이 싸고 공급이 비교적 용이한 정어리유(sardine oil)를 경유와 여러비율로 혼합한 경유-어유 혼합유를 정용연소기와 선박용 디젤기관에 사용하여 그 연소특성을 기존의 경유 사용시와 비교 설명하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.381-391
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• 1993

To evaluate the antioxidizing effect of flavonoid on fish oil and peroxidized fish oil, rats were fed with diets containing 5% corn oil (CO), 5% corn oil and 15% fresh fish oil (FO) or peroxidixed fish oil (PFO) for 4weeks. An half of FO and PFO group rats were injected with 10mg flavonoid (+)-catechin (a day per kg body weight) (FO-C and PFO-C). FO and FO-C group rats showed higher increase in body weight as compared to PFO, PFO-C group rats. Whereas, the opposite result was obtained in case of liver weight increase. In addition, catechin apparently reduced liver weight by 12~17%. Phospholipid, cholesterol, triglyceride and lipid peroxide content in serum and cholesterol, lipid peroxide content in liver and adipose tissue of PFO, PFO-C group rats were significantly higher than those of FO, FO-C one. These results suggested that catechin reduced the synthesis of lipid and protected effectively against lipid peroxidation. In fatty acids profile of neutral lipid and phospholipid, the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) versus saturated fatty acids (SFA) in PFO, PFO-C were lower than that of FO or FO-C because of ruduced PUFA. Contrary to our expectation, the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in rat liver of FO and FO-C group were lower than those of PFO and PFO-C group. These results were quite interesting and might be explained in terms of homeostasis. In case of total lipid in liver, $C_{20:5}$, $C_{22:6}$ fatty acids were decreased in rat fed peroxidized fish oil. In conclusion, catechin was considered to be an antioxidative and hepatoprotective drug and hypolipidemic agent.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary activated carbon(0.9%) and fish oil(0, 1, 2, 4%) addition on the feed efficiency, blood-cholesterol, proximate composition, pH and minerals in breast and thigh of chicken meat. Broilers were randomly assigned to one of the five dietary treatment: 1) Control (commercial feed) 2) T1(commercial feed supplemented with 0.9% activated carbon) 3) T2 (commercial feed with 0.9% activated carbon and 1% fish oil) 4) T3 (commercial feed with 0.9% activated carbon and 2% fish oil) 5) T4 (commercial feed with 0.9% activated carbon and 4% fish oil). They were fed with one of the experimental diets for five weeks and slaughtered. After that, the meat samples were vacuum packaged and stored over a period of 10 days at 4$\pm$1$\^{C}$. When broilers were fed with dietary activated carbon and fish oil, the feed efficiency of birds were higher compared with that of control diet. The blood cholesterol was tended to decrease in dietary activated carbon and fish oil(p<0.05). However, effects of diets containing graded levels of activated carbon and fish oil on proximate composition were not found(p>0.05). The pH of all treatments significantly increased during the storage periods. The activated carbon and fish oil diet increased the calcium, potassium and sodium content of chicken meat, and tended to increase total mineral contents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 1991

This study was designed to observe the effects of the fish oil and some seed oils on the improvement of the lipid composition in rats. In order to induce the triglyceridemia in the rats of the Sprague-Dawley, 12% coconut oil and 3％ each of olive oil, lard, fish oil, perilla oil, corn oil, red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil were administered to the rats for tweets. Total cholesterol concentrations of serum were lower in the fish oil, perilla oil and corn oil groups and by for higher in the red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil groups than in the olive oil group(control group). HDL-cholesterol concentrations were a little higher in the red pepper oil and evening primrose oil groups. In the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentrations to total cholesterol concentrations, all groups were higher percentage than the control group. Cholesteryl ester concentrations of serum were high in n-6 PUFA rich red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil group. In the ratio of cholesteryl ester concentrations to total cholesterol, all groups(70.0~74.4%)were higher than the control group(62％). Phospholipid concentrations of serum were low in the fish oil and perilla oil groups and triglyceride concentrations were remarkably lower in the fish oil and evening primrose oil groups than in the control group. LCAT activities of serum were higher in the lard group than in the control group, but lower in the other groups.

• 건강소식
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• v.26 no.5 s.282
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• pp.34-35
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• 2002

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.298-302
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• 1993

The Crude ginerol from ginger was collected to investigate the possibility of application to food products as a natural antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of gingerols according to fatty acid composi-tion of several oils, were examined by measuring peroxide value(POV). The induction period(If) of fish oil, sdybean oil, lard and palm oil was 5.0, 17.0, 38.4 and 57.6 hours respectively by measuring POV during storge at $85^{\circ}C$. The relative antioxidant effectiveness(RAE) of gingerol group was lard ; 219, soybean oil; 176, fish oil; 160 and palm oil; 146%, while the RAE of'BHT group was lard; 238, palm oil; 158, soybfan oil; 132 and fish oil; 122%.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.290-296
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• 1984

In order to evaluate the effect of fish oil on lipogenesis, activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PDH ) and malic enzyme (ME) were measured in liver of rats fed mackered oil(MO) or eel oil (EO) for 10 to 14 days, at the various levels of 0 to 10% (w/w ). In addition to two kinds of fish oil, soybean oil (SO), lard (L), and beef tallow (BT) were fed to the different groups of rats. When fish oil was below 10%(w/w ), soybean oil, lard, or beef tallow was mixed with fish oil to maintain constant 10% (w/w) fat level. Three days of feeding MO brought a marked decrease$({\sim}{50}%)$ both in G6PDH and ME activity, the former of which maintained during 13 days of feeding. L group had highest levels of both enzymes. G6PDH activity of MO was lower than SO, but ME activity was not different between MO and SO. G6PDH activity was decreased with increasing content of fish oil (MO, EO), starting at the 2%(w/w) level of fish oil, when L or BT was used as filler oil. But ME activity was significantly reduced when fish oil content was at least 5%(w/w). Difference between the effects shown by two kinds of fish oil and animal species were also found. The present study suggests that fish oil can suppress hepatic lipogenesis by reducing activities of lipogenic enzymes with the same or higher degree than vegetable oil can exert.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.517-524
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• 2006

We investigated the effect of different kinds of dietary fats on the fatty acid composition, cholesterol content and quality of hens' eggs. The Haugh units, breaking strength, shell thickness and yolk color were not significantly different among the test groups. The type of dietary fat fed each test group notably altered the polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of egg yolk. The n-6 fatty acid content of egg yolk was highest in the corn oil fed group being 31.61%, and this tended to decrease in the tallow, linseed oil and fish oil fed groups(P<0.05) in that order. The n-3 fatty acid content of egg yolk tended to increase in the linseed oil and fish oil fed groups with values of 9.74% and 5.16%, respectively(p<0.05). The increase of n-3 fatty acids in the yolk resulted in a reduced cholesterol content of the eggs. The cholesterol content ranged from $15.98{\sim}18.37mg/g$ of yolk or $227{\sim}261mg/60g$ of egg(p<0.05). The cholesterol content of egg yolk was highest in the tallow fed group, and significantly reduced to 13.01% in the fish oil group, 11.49% in the linseed oil group and 6.91% in the corn oil group(p<0.05). This result suggests that it is possible to reduce the cholesterol content or to increase the n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contents in eggs by the manipulation of dietary fats.