• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to explore the lived experience of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and early child rearing in married immigrant women in urban areas. Methods: Data were collected from February to April, 2011 through in-depth interviews. Nine immigrant women were selected in a metropolitan area through the purposive and snowball sampling method. After obtaining IRB permission and informed consent from the participants, all interviews were recorded with MP3 recorder and transcribed for analysis. Using the phenomenological approach, data collected through in-depth interviewing were analyzed following Colaizzi style. Results: Data analysis revealed 4 categories and 10 themes related to pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and early child rearing of married immigrant women in urban areas. These four categories were 'A clumsy foreigner's life with nostalgia', 'Crisis in the crisis', 'Unprepared for motherhood', and 'Living together with new family without regrets'. It was a common finding that they were not ready to be mothers because of the very short time for adjustment in Korea. Compared to rural, immigrant women urban women had various in social support systems. Conclusion: The results indicate that adequate education is needed for immigrant women regarding motherhood, and that this education should be culturally appropriate for these women.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1329-1338
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• 2016

South Korea's total fertility rate dropped to 1.2 in 2014, which was far below the population replacement level of 2.07. Parental satisfaction of mothers contribute to secondary childbirth intention as well as child outcome. This study was to identify the factors affecting parental satisfaction particularly in mothers with one child. The survey conducted in five daycare centers in B city from September to October in 2015. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analyses using SPSS/Win 21 software. 42.7% of variance in parental satisfaction was accounted for by co-parenting(t=5.566, p<.001), value of children(t=3.575, p=.001), and perception of childbirth(t=2.906, p=.005). The explain power was significant(F=21.581, p<.001). This study revealed that the perception of childbirth last long enough to affect mothers of children up to the age of 6. Midwifes and nurses working with laboring women should try to give them positive experience of delivery.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental resources for preventing adolescents' bullying behavior. For this aim we analyzed parents' rearing attitudes and adolescents' personality characteristics effecting on bullying experiences. Methods: We carried out a questionnaire survey at middle and high school located in Anyang, Gwacheon, Gunpo from July 8 to 22, 2013. Data were collected from 756 students. By using SPSS 20.0, data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis Results: There was a close relationship among parents' rearing attitudes, adolescents' personality characteristics, and bullying experiences. Parents' affectionate rearing attitudes reduced adolescents' bullying experiences, on the other hand parents' hostile and rejective rearing attitudes increased. The adolescents with high responsibility had low bullying experiences, otherwise adolescents with high activity had high bullying experiences. Conclusions: In order to reduce bullying experiences parents' rearing attitudes should be changed and education programs that could encourage a sense of responsibility should be introduced.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2019

This study suggests that multicultural education should not be limited to educational sites such as kindergartens. Since the multicultural attitudes and consciousness of young children are unconsciously acquired through parents' words and school education, they emphasized the implementation of multicultural education at home and kindergarten. In other words, multicultural education should not only be carried out in the field of education, but also in the homes of children. However, there are still few studies on multicultural education for parents. In this regard, this study highlights the importance of parents on multicultural education by examining the socio-economic status of parents with early childhood children and their actual experiences in multicultural education. To provide basic data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.01a
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• pp.219-221
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• 2022

초등학교 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence, AI) 교육은 학교급별 특성과 수준을 고려하여 놀이 및 체험 활동 중심으로 계획되고 있다. 그러나 교육 현장의 수요 및 AI 리터러시 연구에서 AI 개념의 지도 필요성이 제시되고 있다. 초등학생에게 어렵고 생소한 AI 개념을 교육하기 위해 학습자의 발달 특성을 고려한 교수학습 전략이 필요하다. 선행조직자는 개념 지도 시 학습자의 인지적 부하를 줄일 수 있는 효과적인 교수학습 전략 중 하나로 이미 초등학생을 위한 인공지능 교재에 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 교재 분석 결과 선행조직자는 학생별 경험과 양육환경의 차이로 인해 선행조직자로서 기능하지 못할 가능성이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 본 연구는 초등학교에 널리 활용될 수 있는 선행조직자를 초등 교육과정에서 추출하여 AI 교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 프로그램은 초등학교 5~6학년 AI 교육 내용 기준에서 AI 개념 요소를 추출하여 초등학교 1~4학년 교과 교육과정에서 선행조직자를 선정하였고 4차시의 교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 프로그램이 초등학생의 효과적인 AI 개념을 학습과 AI 리터러시 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.185-207
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• 2006

Predominant explanations of the persistence of sex segregation ill occupations link job choices to profoundly gendered responses to childbearing and other family demands, arguing that women are more likely to seek jobs which are in some sense compatible with motherhood, either because they are family friendly (flexible, low intensity work) or because they are easy to exit and re-enter. In this paper, I examine the effect of occupational sex segregation on job exits into the labor market among women, with a special attention to the role of childbearing and child rearing. I use data from detailed employment histories gathered from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) in continuous time event history models. My results indicate that women in female dominated jobs are less likely to exit their jobs than women in other types of occupations. Further this relationship is not shaped by motherhood. While mothers or pregnant women are more likely to leave work, mothers in female-dominated occupations are slightly less likely to leave employment than mothers in other occupations. These results are not consistent with the ideas that women's choice of female-dominated occupations expresses a gendered identity and women strategically seek jobs which accommodate maternal roles. Taken together, my findings do not provide support to the idea that women choose female-dominated occupations because they are easier to integrate with motherhood (except for the pregnancy period).

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-145
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• 2004

This study examines factors that influence delinquency among adolescents under probation using indigenous psychological analysis, focusing specifically on parent-child relationship. A total 268 adolescents under probation and their parents and 251 high school students and their parents participated in the two studies. In the first study, qualitative results indicate that both groups of adolescents were most likely to trust their parents than any other person and reason for their trust is reported to be based on blood relationship. Similarly, majority of parents of both groups reported trusting their children because of the blood relationship. Parents hope that their children will be sincere a person and will be able to maintain harmonious social relationship. Parents of adolescents under probation were more likely to report disobedience as being most problematic, whereas parents of high school students were more likely report providing social and financial support for their children's education as being the most difficult. In the second study, structured questionnaires were administered to the four groups and the following set of results were obtained. First, in terms of family background, the socio-economic status of adolescents under probation was lower, they are less likely to live with both parents or natural parents, and more likely to have ran away from home than high school students. Second, adolescents under probation are less likely to trust their parents and more likely to view their parents as being hostile. Third, parents of adolescents under probation were less likely to trust their children, more likely to view their relationship as being conflictual and hostile, and feel that they had to sacrifice for their children when compared with parents of high school students. Implications of these results for parent-child relationship and delinquency are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2004

Objectives：This study was performed to introduce a psychoeducational family therapy model for the families of schizophrenic patient and to investigate the effect of this model on the changes in coping style and depressive symptoms of the family members, and in perception of emotional support by families and depressive symptoms of patients. Methods：Nine preschool children, 3-5 years old, experiencing physical injuries caused by attack from a psychotic patient at kindergarten, were evaluated for psychological assessments；Intelligence test, MSSB(MacArthur Story-Stem Battery), H-T-P test(House-Tree-Person test). And their parents completed rating scale, KPI-C(Korean Personality Inventory for Children about children’s psychological conditions). Results：With respects to the contents and emotional reactions of MSSB, 9 preschool children showed generally high levels of anxiety, depression, avoidance, aggression, probably related to the traumatic experiences. Even though children couldn't verbally report directly about their traumatic experiences, in both MSSB, structured play narrative assessment tool, and HPT, free drawing and association test, they demonstrated psychiatric problems through reenactment plays, regardless of clinical diagnoses. Conclusion：Present study allowed us the chance to see beyond the outer pathological behaviors of PTSD in preschool children, through deeper evaluations of their mental representation. These preliminary data suggest deep understanding of internal representation would be of help for thorough evaluations and treatment plan for preschool children, experiencing severe trauma.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.358-374
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• 2008

This study examines whether and how ages of child affect accessibility experiences of women and men differently. Space-time accessibility measures based on Time-geographic framework with activity-travel diary datasets in Portland Metro, US were calculated using GIS-based geocomputation, and spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility of dual-earner couples by ages of their youngest child were compared. The results are as follows. (1) Although more women than men work part-time, which would render women more spatial-temporal autonomy, accessibility levels of women are not higher than men's. It implies that there exists another constraint placed on women which largely stems from gender inequality. (2) It is distinctively women with child under age 6 of which accessibility spaces are found to be restricted doser to home compared to men. Women with no child or with child aged over 6, however, show more or less similar spatial-temporal patterns of accessibility with men's which are quite unvarying regardless of parental status and their child age. Women's accessibility experiences characterized by spatial-temporal entrapment, thus, can be seen as problems associated with gender rather than sex. (3) Intensified spatial-temporal entrapment of women with young child are associated with the significant spatial pegs shaping their accessibility spaces, which are located much closer to home compared to men's: workplaces and child's daycare centers.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.439-460
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine a mother's and her two son's 'practice of mutual respect rights' experiences, and to find a solution to inspire the practice of realizing rights of mutual respect within a family. From September 2012 to March 2013, qualitative research methods such as transcripts, observations, in-depth interviews, and analysis of records were applied to a mother and her two sons. As a result, the mother's experiences showed that she and her two sons had enough mutual respect, and the regression of the first child was a natural and positive part in that process. Also, conflicts between protection rights and participation rights were integrated into a practice of mutual respect, and the mother had an opportunity to think about positive discipline. With this practice, the mother and her two sons were able to reconcile their relationships and have deep respect for one another, and family members felt psychologically safe through this practice of rights. In addition, the practice of rights was transferred to other family members, and the mother came to have courage about being an adequate parent. The results of this study revealed that the following research could be used to propose concrete contents and to plan how to recognize and access the practice of rights among family members.