• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.378-384
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• 2013

This study was conducted to identify the effect of soil water potential on the fruit quality and yield of paprika in summer fertigation cultivation. Treatments of soil water potential during cultivation were composed of -10, -20, and -30 kPa, respectively. The plant height of early growth was increased by high soil water potential (-10 kPa) treatment all of 'Cupra' and 'E499524' (mini-paprika) varieties. Mean fruit weight was increased by -20 kPa soil water potential treatment compared with the other treatments. The fruit number per plant was not affected by soil water potential in 'Cupra' variety but was increased by -20 kPa soil water potential treatment in E499524 variety (mini-paprika). The yield of soil water potential treatment of -20 kPa was higher than those of the other treatments. The flesh thickness and sugar content were not affected by soil water potential in 'Cupra' and 'E499524' (mini-paprika) varieties. The incidence of fruit cracking was decreased with decreasing soil water potential. Mineral contents of plants such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium etc. were not affected in soil water potential.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.66-73
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• 2004

As one of the typical farming practices in the sloped upland in Pyeongchang and Hongcheon area, application of piling with coarse saprolite materials has been practiced by farmers for several reasons such as reduction of damage by monocropping, better development of plant roots, and better drainage. However, adverse effect on application of coarse saprolite soil materials to environmental aspects should not be ignored. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical properties of coarse saprolite materials in upland fields in Pyeongchang area. According to particle size distribution of coarse saprolite materials, averaged gravel contents for Pyeongchang and Hongcheon county were 16.7 and 25.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in gravel contents by soil depth, and CV values for each particle size ranged from 20 to 40%, which implied that application of coarse material with similar properties. When we compared CEC values of dressed soil with or without considering gravel content, CEC values decreased as increasing gravel contents. The penetration resistances were 0.04-7.48 MPa at the 0 to 10 cm surface soil, and 0.10 to 8.80 MPa at the depth below 11 cm. The bulk density of the soil was $1.15g\;cm^{-3}$ at the surface soil and 1.29 to $1.35g\;cm^{-3}$ at the soil depth below 10 cm. The organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, and avaliable $P_2O_5$ concentrations of soil in upland where piling with saprolite materials of Pyeongchang area applied were $12.4g\;kg^{-1}$, $7.1cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, and $526mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Cation exchange capacity was lower than that of averaged Korean upland soil, while available $P_2O_5$ concentration was relatively higher than that of averaged Korean upland, which indicated high input of various fertilizers.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.610-615
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate fertigation effects of pig slurry (PS) and chemical fertilizer (CF) in tomato by analyzing the growth and yield, nutrient content and uptake, nutrient use efficiency, and soil characteristics in greenhouse cultivation. The treatments compared were; no-fertilizer, two different levels of PS (26 mg $L^{-1}$ and 52 mg $L^{-1}$), and a control treatment of chemical fertilizer. There was no significant difference in growth and yield between PS and CF treatments. however, yield reduction was observed in PS 26 mg $L^{-1}$ treatment. The N-utilization efficiency in CF treatment was similar to that of PS 52 mg $L^{-1}$ treatment. Nutrient utilization efficiency decreased in order of potassium (K), nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) with 29.2~43.3% in K, 15.8~36.7% in N, and 3.0~6.3% in P. In soil chemical characteristics, soil pH in PS treatment was higher than in CF treatment. In contrast, nitrate content in soil was higher in CF treatment than in PS treatment. The content of exchangeable K in soil was higher in PS and CF 52 mg $L^{-1}$ treatments. There was no significant difference in exchangeable Ca and Mg among those treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that chemical fertilizers can be substituted by PS based on soil chemical analysis in tomato fertigation culture.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of liquid fertilizer containing humate (LFH) on changes of turfgrass quality and growth by investigating visual quality, chlorophyll content, dry weight of clipping, and nutrient content in leaves tissue. Treatments were designed as follows; control fertilizer (CF), HF-1 ($CF+1.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$), HF-2 ($CF+2.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$), and HF-3 ($CF+4.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$). As compared with CF, soil chemical properties of LFH treatments were not significantly. Visual quality and root dry weight of LFH treatments were higher than that of CF. Chlorophyll content, clipping yield and nitrogen uptake of HF-2 and HF-3 were increased 11.2-11.8%, 15.3-30.0%, 22-42% by application of LFH. The LFH level was positively correlated with visual quality, chlorophyll content, clipping yield or nutrient uptake amount. These results indicated that the application of LFH improved the growth and quality of creeping bentgrass by increasing nutrient uptake and by prompting root growth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.205-216
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• 2008

As the aged and physically disabled people are expected to increase in the next several years, traffic demand especially for the 'mobility handicapped people' will be stronger. According to this trend, our society needs the improvement of social overhead capital for the aged and the disabled. First of all, Barrier-free of public transport facilities is urgent case. The purpose of this study is to estimate value of the Barrier-free facilities at subway stations by using Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) with Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice Question and to analyze the factor which affects the WTP(Willingness To Pay) of subway users by using Survival Analysis. As a result of this study, 'Elevators' and 'Escalators' are higher than 'Handicapped Gate Machines' and 'Ramps for Wheelchair' in the aspect of the average willingness to pay. Therefore the government is recommended to install the Barrier-free facilities for going up and down such as 'Elevators' and 'Escalators', and then supply others for just using subway, and passing such as 'Handicapped Gate Machines' and 'Ramps for Wheelchair'. Also, the average willingness to pay of 'mobility handicapped people' is higher than that of 'normal people'. It indicates that 'mobility handicapped people' value each Barrier-free facility high compared to 'normal people'.

• Proceedings of the Turfgrass Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

본 연구는 화력발전의 부산물로 발생하는 석탄바닥재가 골프장 사질 토양의 개량재로 사용 적합한지를 평가하기 위해 수행되었으며, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 석탄바닥재의 화학성을 분석한 결과 총질소 0.34%, 가용성 인산 $52mgL^{-1}$, 치환성 칼륨 $51mgL^{-1}$ 뿐만 아니라 소량의 치환성 칼슘과 마그네슘을 함유하고 있어 식물생육에 이롭고, 유해중금속함량은 Cd, $Cr^{6+}$, Pb, Ni, As는 $1mgL^{-1}$ 이하, Cu 농도는 $1.25mgL^{-1}$ 검출되어 토양환경보전법의 토양오염우려기준 이하이므로 석탄바닥재 재활용으로 인한 토양오염 가능성은 매우 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 2. 모래 토양에 석탄바닥재를 부피비로 0~50% 비율로 혼합한 시료의 투수계수와 유효수분함량을 측정한 결과 석탄바닥재 혼합비율이 증가할수록 투수계수는 유의성 있게 감소하고 유효수분함량은 유의성 있게 증가해 석탄바닥재가 모래 토양의 낮은 수분보유력을 개선하는 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 3. 모래 토양에 석탄바닥재를 부피비로 0~50% 비율로 혼합한 시료를 잔디식재층으로 조성한 라이시미터에 잔디종자 파종 후 약 4개월 뒤 잔디밀도가 완전히 형성된 후에 시비 후 3일 간격으로 채취한 용탈수를 분석한 결과 1일과 4일 후에 채취한 초기 용탈수에서는 석탄바닥재 혼합비율이 높을수록 $NO_3-N$, $NH_4-N$ 및 K함량이 유의성 있게 감소했으며, 대조구에 비해 석탄바닥재 혼합비율이 높은 처리구일수록 $NO_3-N$, $NH_4-N$ 및 K함량이 용탈수 채취기간 동안 지속적으로 용탈되었다. 이 결과로 석탄바닥재가 모래 토양의 낮은 양분 보유력을 개선하는데 효과적이고 석탄바닥재처리가 대조구에 비해 오랫동안 식물 생육에 필요한 양분을 공급하는 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 4. 골프장 그린상구조와 동일한 시험포장을 만들고 모래 토양에 석탄바닥재 10%와 20% 그리고 피트, 액시스, 이소라이트를 부피비로 10% 비율로 혼합한 시료를 잔디식재층으로 조성하고 크리핑 벤트그래스(Agrostis paulstris Huds), Penn A-4 $10gm^{-2}$을 파종한 후에 처리구별로 잔디 품질을 평가하기 위해 잔디 밀도, 뿌리길이, 색상 및 시각적 품질을 조사한 결과 석탄바닥재 처리구는 기존에 사용하는 개량제인 피트, 액시스, 이소라이트 처리구와 동등한 잔디생육 촉진 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 5. 결론적으로 석탄바닥재는 골프장 토양의 물리적 특성과 화학적 특성을 개선하고 잔디생육에 필요한 양분을 공급하는데 효과적인 토양개량재라고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2004

Growth and nutrients of Xinjiang poplar (Populus alba var. pyramidalis) seedlings treated with fertilizers and soil amendments were examined in nursery and windbreak at Dengkou after 6 months of treatments in Inner Mongolia, China. Soil water content was $10\%$ higher than that at most soils in desert. Height and diameter growth and foliar nitrogen (N) concentration were higher at N and nitrogen plus phosphorus (N+P) fertilizer treatments than other treatments. However, there were no differences in foliar P concentration among treatments in windbreak and foliar P concentration was higher at control than at other treatments in nursery. Yuho treatment increased height and diameter growth. Nitrogen appeared an influenciug factor for early growth of Xinjiang poplar, and P had a minor affect on growth. More long-time studies were needed to elucidate the effects of fertilizers and soil amendments on growth and nutrients of Xinjiang poplar.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.50-59
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• 2015

This study aimed at suggesting Willingness To Pay (WTP) for introduction of the Traffic Accident emergency Call (TAC) system by using Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) which is a general valuation method. As the method, this study suggested a WTP estimation method of the TAC system with the double-bound dichotomous choice model. In previous studies, the data are processed differently according to the type of questions and analysis models used for the calculation of willingness to pay. Therefore, we re-organized the model by the cases using the truncated data sets, and showed the difference in WTPs. The dataset was developed by more than 500 questionnaire obtained from online and offline survey with the consideration of composition ratio by age group referring housing census in 2010 to mitigate regional bias of samples. At last, this study applied various statistical methods, survival analysis, multiple regression, and Tobit model for better interpretation of the questionnaires.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.205-210
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• 2008

Sedum kamtschaticum has been used as one of the native valuable plants for ornamental purpose. This experiment was conducted to find out the optimum media for pot cultured Sedum kamtschaticum using peatmoss and coir-based mixtures. Four mixtures such as peatmoss:perlite(5:5, v/v), peatmoss:perlite(7:3, v/v), coir:perlite(5:5, v/v), and coir:perlite(7:3, v/v) were used. Plants were irrigated with a Sonneveld solution in an ebb & flow system. The content of T-N, K, and Ca in the peatmoss-based media was higher than those of the coir-based media. The concentration of T-N, K, and Ca in the shoots of Sedum kamtschaticum increased when plants were cultured with peatmoss-based media. In the peatmoss-based media, plant growth, such as number of branches, leaf length and shoot fresh and dry weights, were significantly increased than those of plant grown in the coir-based media. As the results, the optimum media for pot cultured Sedum kamtschaticum in an ebb & flow system was considered to be the peatmoss-based mixtures.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1144-1149
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• 2011

The occurrence of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) advance growth has been noticed in the deciduous oak forest being adjacent to the mature Korean pine plantation. the korean pine seedlings in the forest were regenerated naturally from harvested and transported Korean pine seeds and cones by rodents, mainly red squirrels. Mongolian oak (Quercus bariabilis), which formed dominant overstory, had close-to-normal distributions of height, diameter and age classes. Korean pine, which dominated the understory, had the reverse J-shaped height, diameter and age distributions that are expected of a shade tolerant species. Growing in the summer shade of the oak, Korean pine seedling had slow, but steady height growth during the past four decades. Total biomass of Korean pine seedling ranged from $2,835-8,541kg\;ha^{-1}$ and biomass allocation of Korean pine seedling was follows : stem (with bark) > foliage > branches > roots. Korean pine seedlings allocated more biomass to foliage and branches compare to planted Korean pine. The smaller root/shoot ratio of Korean pine seedling in the site is to believed to be result of competition for light. Contents of N and K for Korean pine seedling were greatest in foliage follow by branches, stem ad roots, while content of P was greater in the order of foliage > roots > stem > branches.