• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2019

The transport market has continued to change to provide services for each cargo. Currently, tank containers are widely used for the transport of liquids, and the tank container transportation market is continuously growing. Accordingly, the demand for handling for tank containers is also increasing. The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement of transportation process and management method based on the case analysis of the current tank container transportation market. Therefore, this is paper suggests that an integrated system is needed to eliminate the period of information disconnection, secure information continuity, and improve the efficiency of managing dangerous goods.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2009

The cargo containment system (CCS) for ships carrying cryogenic fluid consists of at least two levels of barriers and insulation layers. It is because, even though there is a small amount of leak through the primary barrier, the liquid tight secondary barrier blocks further leakage of the cryogenic fluid. However, once the secondary barrier is damaged, it is highly possible that the leaked cryogenic fluid flows through the flat joint made of glass wool and reaches the inner hull of the ship. The primary objective of the present study is to investigate the influence of the damage extent in the secondary barrier on the amount of leaked cryogenic fluid reaching the inner hull and the temperature distribution there. Simulation results using a computational fluid dynamics tool were compared with the experimental data for the leaked cryogenic fluid flow and evaporation in the secondary insulation layer. The experimental and computational results suggest that, unless there is a massive leak, the cryogenic fluid mostly evaporates in the insulation layer and does not reach the inner hull in the state of liquid.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.286-290
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• 1973

Hydroxide free KCI single crystals are prepared and doped with samall amounts of KSH or $K_2$S. The samples are subjected to neutron irradiations while keeping them under the condition of liquid nitrogen temperature in the dark. The irradiated ones are then bleached by using a U.V. lamp and analysed as four different kinds of chemical forms in $^{35}$ S whose valence states are -2, 0, +4 and +6. It semms that the sulphide fraction of $^{35}$ S in doped crystals is higher than that in pure crystals. In addition, two distinct patterns in bleaching process up to 30 minutes results in a fast increase in the sulphide fraction and then the sulphide levels off to a slowly increasing region upon prolonged bleaching. A detailed description on the distribution of $^{35}$ S valence states will be made in connection with point defects in the crystals.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.650-658
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• 2009

Two dimensional sloshing phenomena in regularly excited liquid cargo tank are numerically simulated with finite difference method. Navier-Stokes equations and continuity equation are computed for this study. The free-surface is determined every time step satisfying kinematic boundary condition using marker-density method. And the exciting force is treated by adding the acceleration of the tank to source term. The results are compared with other existing experiment results. And the comparison results show a good agreement. The sloshing phenomena in the tank of the 138K LNG carrier in sway motion is simulated with present calculation methods in low filling level. To find the relations between impact pressure and excitation condition, the calculations are performed in various amplitudes and periods. The averaged maximum pressures are compared each other.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2017

The Maritime Safety Act established restrictions for the passage of oil tankers, prohibiting vessesl carrying more than 1,500 kiloliters of oil or 1,500 tons of a hazardous liquid substance. Prohibited vessels that do not satisfy the restrictions are allowed to enter and depart from a nearby port from the outer sea area to minimize the time and distance the oil tanker must navigate in the prohibited area. Therefore, such regulation should not be construed as referring to inshore traffic. In this study, the traffic volume of coastal tankers that do not use the approaching channels for specific sea areas near Yeosu and Gwangyang Port was analyzed, and the cargo loads of these ships were investigated. The results of this study should be used to allow tankers to minimize the time and distance of navigation in prohibited areas. According to the survey, 16 vessels, 51.6 % of the 31 vessels using inshore traffic included in the study, were loaded with more than 1,500 tons of cargo. This is not appropriate according to the legislation for oil tanker passage. Therefore, in this study, sea routes have been proposed that connect with the approaching channels of specific sea areas, from the outer sea areas of restricted passages. Regulations have also been proposed for the entry and departure of oil tankers around Yeosu and Gwangyang Port.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.487-492
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• 2010

Ulsan Port is the biggest base port for liquid cargoes in Korea and is pushing in earnest for the development of the 'Ulsan New Port' and 'Northeast Asia Oil-Hub' to prepare for continuous shipment growth. However, Ulsan is in the situation which the harbour limit and anchorages are narrower than other trading ports and the occurrence probability of marine accidents is very high due to heavy marine traffic. We will find and suggest the plan to enlarge the harbour limit essentially needed to expand anchorages considering the geomorphological features of Ulsan and the volume of marine traffic in this research. For the enlargement of harbour limit needed to expand anchorages, the anchorage area needed for Ulsan New Port was calculated after the quantitative analysis of enlargement range through the mutual comparison of the area of harbour limit and anchorages with berths and the volume of marine traffic. The reasonable type of harbour limit, which is based on the survey by a group of experts, was also determined after the decision of the range of harbour limit to accommodate the relevant anchorages.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.3 s.82
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• pp.226-232
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• 1997

The mycelium was isolated from the fruiting body of Tricholoma matsutake collected from Mt. Namsan, Kyongju and it was named as Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001. For the mycelial growth of T. matsutake DGUM 26001, the complex media, yeast-malt extract medium and Czapek-Dox medium supplemented with yeast extract, were excellent. The media such as nutrient glucose medium, mushroom complex medium, and Tricholoma matsutake medium (TMM), were effective. However, There was no a mycelial growth in the media used for bacterial cultivation such as colombia medium, brain heart infusion medium, Luria-Bertani medium supplemented with glucose, and brucella medium. When carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source was supplemented in the TMM medium for the mycelial growth, starch as a polysaccharide was best. As a disaccharide, trehalose and maltose were excellent. Sorbitol, xylitol and glucose were excellent carbon sources of monosaccharose. When the mycelia were cultivated for 30 days at $24^{\circ}C$ in the TMM supplemented with 2.0% starch, the dry weight of the mycelia harvested was 8.85 g/L. When organic acid was given as a carbon source, only succinic acid was utilized. As a vitamin source, coconut water and pyridoxine were excellent. After 30 day-cultivation in the TMM medium, the dry weights with coconut water and pyridoxine were 8.65 and 8.32 g/L, respectively.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.439-443
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• 2016

In this report, $MnO_2$ nanoparticle-deposited functionalized graphene sheets were prepared and their superior electrochemical performances were demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and impedance analysis. Ionic liquids were employed to functionalize the surface of reduced graphene oxides (RGOs), leading to prevention of the aggregation of RGO sheets and abundant growth sites for deposition of $MnO_2$ nanoparticles. As-prepared $MnO_2/RGO$ nanocomposites were characterized using scanning electron microscope, transition electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical properties of $MnO_2/RGO$ electrode were evaluated using $Na_2SO_4$ electrolyte under a three-electrode system. The $MnO_2/RGO$ electrode showed a high specific capacitance (251 F/g), a high rate capability (80.5% retention), and long-term stability (93.6% retention).

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.43-53
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• 1982

여성의 난소기능은 뇨중 Oestrone-3-glucuronide를 간편한 solid-phase 의 화학발광성 면역학적 측정법 (Chemiluminescence Imrnunoassay(CIA) 에 의하여 그 기능이 탐지될 수 있다. Oestrone-3-g1ucuronyl-6-bovine serum albumine에 대한 antiserum의 IgG fraction은 polystyrene 실험관벽에 흡착시켰으며, 항원으로서는 est r one-3- gl ucuronyI-6-aminoethyl-ethyl-isoluminol 을 항원 (antigen) 에 labeI 시킨 것이다. 시험 대상물인 뇨는 매일아침뇨(early morning urine) 을 희석 (1:1000 V/V)한 후 100mcl 를 취하여 이를 각기 이중분석액으로 택하였다. 시험관 내에서 결합반응 (1 hour at $4^{\circ}C)이 일어난 후에는 시험관내의 액체를 전부 흡입 폐기시켰으며, 항체반응이 일어난 후 ( antibody-bound fraction )에는 완충액 (400mcl)으로 한번 세척시켰다. 그후 염화수산화물(2N , 200mcl)을 가지고 $22^{\circ}C$에 60 분간 방치 혼합케 한 후 효소(microperoxidase) 와 과산화수소를 가하면서 산화작용에서 발생되는 발광양을 10초동안 측정하여 그 결과를 분석하였다. 위에 기술한 분석방법을 평가하면 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Calibration curve sensitivity$3.12{\pm}0.75$ PG/tube ($mean{\pm}SD$)였고, lntra-assay precision(CV%) 9.52 (20 replicates;$38.4{\pm}3.66$nmol/1) 와 8.81 (15 replicates; $102.4{\pm}8.82$nmol/1)였다. Inter-assay precision(CV%) 은 11.9 (mean of 4 pools-7.03, 23.16, 52.11 과 117.53 nmol/1)로 2개월 동안에 걸쳐 시행되었고, 평균 비이어스(mean bias)는 -0.78 로 28에서 448 nmol 범위로서 매일아침 "뇨"의 차이분(different aliquots)은 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 건강한 여성으로부터 채취된 뇨중 Oestrone-3-glucuronide 의 농도(nmol/1)를 보면 월경주기의 여포기와 배난기 및 황체기에 있어서 각기 $40.2{\pm}9.9$ , $102.3{\pm}39.4$와 $84.3{\pm}13.3$nmol/1였다. 이와같은 결과는 동일한 검사뇨를 방사면역학적 방법(RIA)으로 측정 (6 menstrual cycle)한 결과와 유사한 측정치를 얻으므로서 간편하고 진보된 좋은 방법중의 하나라고 사료되는바이다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2013

This paper presents the results of sloshing experiments having different fluids in model tanks with various density ratios. The experimental model consisting water and air at ambient, which has been commonly used, is not consistent in density ratio with that of an actual LNG cargo tank. Therefore, an advanced experimental scheme is developed to consider the same density ratio of LNG and NG by using a mixed gas of sulfur hexafluoride ($SF_6$) and nitrogen ($N_2$). For experimental observation, a two-dimensional model tank of 1/40 scale and a three-dimensional model tank of 1/50 scale have been manufactured and tested at various conditions. Two different fillings with various excitation frequencies under regular motions have been considered for the two-dimensional model tank, and three different filling levels under irregular motions have been imposed for the three-dimensional model tank. The density ratio between gas and liquid varies from the ratio of the ambient air and water to that of the actual LNG cargo container, and the different composition of gas is used for this variation. Based on the present experimental results, it is found that the decrease of sloshing pressure is predicted when the density ratio increases.