• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2020

Purpose: As communicable disease, COVID-19, pandemic strikes over the world, it is critically bewared that air travel possibly be a major pass way to deliver the infectious disease virus. Especially the airplane could be an unique environment to cultivate the virus spreaders. In order to keep the continuous safe airway as well as the industry, related international associations and organizations have been published the guidelines for the prevention and control the infectious disease through the all aspects of aviation. By reviewing the guidelines, focusing on the in-flight infection prevention and control, this study would not only inform a summary of the international guidelines but also provide an essential and general consideration for related research or guideline study. Methods: Guidelines of 5 major countries are reviewed, which has been seriously influenced by COVID-19 : U.S., Canada, E.U., Australia and China. The items of the guidelines are re-categorized as its similarity and structure by applicable cases. Results: The result of this study shows that each guideline seems to share a major structure and issue such as identifying sick traveler, sick passenger care, and cleaning even though that of China has a different since it used to consider the flight conditions based on 3 levels of infection risk. For sick passenger care, the guidelines includes crew safety, service level, sick passenger isolation, and cleaning. Implications: A published guideline as a public manual could be to prevent and control the in-flight infection efficiently and promptly. It also could provide a confidence of knowledge and educate for all users to prepare the in-flight emergency as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2010

The economical efficiency and easy ship building have enabled to spread FRP ships in the shipbuilding field. As waste FRP ships have been thrown away at a river or within a harbour, this matter has become issues. For the improvement of this matter, the melting technique and system of waste FRP ships was developed. But, Decision making was required for a location plan of the melting system of waste FRP ships. It's recognized that the location decision of this system is difficult due to the dependence on technical, economical, environmental factors. In this paper, we survey the primary factors of location-economic, life-environment, infrastructure and make up a question for the experts. We also calculate the important weight and related weight using Fuzzy AHP, Limiting probability method and discuss on the calculation results on the proposed sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.110-120
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• 2003

As the wooden aircraft in the early times has no way to let lightning flow when lighting flash attaches during flight, the aircraft got damage, or caught fire. Though all metal airplane was developed with an advent of aluminum, a lightning accident still occurred including a fire of a fuel tanks. Eventually, NACA declared problems in 1938, and an artificial lightning test began. III succession, FAA established Airworthiness Requirements for certification. The FAA committed test measures study for the protection of an airplane from lightning to SAE. SAE presented the test current and voltage waveforms that simulating natural lightning, and it is utilized on lightning protection certification of an airplane by public. A lightning effects of an airplane through an analysis of lightning mechanism was made in this technical note. Especially, lightning direct effects on aircraft are analyzed and lightning strike zones are described.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.973-980
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• 2016

An air traffic management (ATM) has been studied in a variety of fields to utilize an air traffic capacity efficiently and solve a congested air traffic situation due to an increment of an air traffic demand. In this paper, an air traffic management, which is related with controlling and determining the sequencing of an aircraft approaching to an airport, in terminal control area is studied. This paper focuses on scheduling algorithms with a given problem for the air traffic management with operational constraints, such as a space separation, an overtaking on the same air-route, and a route merge point (a scheduling point). For a real-time calculation, the presented algorithms focus on dispatching heuristic rules which are able to assign tasks in a fast time period with an adequate performance, which can be demonstrated as a proper and realistic scheduling algorithm. A simulation result is presented to illustrate the validity and applicability of the proposed algorithm. Each scheduling rule is analyzed on the same static and dynamic air traffic flow scenario with the ATM Monte-Carlo simulation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.10 s.96
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• pp.827-832
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• 2004

Up to now a lot of the study on ship collision avoidance systems have proceeded actively. However the rate of ship collision accidents hasn't decreased yet. If there is collision risk in close quarters situation in spite of maneuvering ship for collision avoidance according to the system, only use of TCP A and DCP A as input factor for collision risk decision is not useful to avoiding collision action. For the recent 5 years by the analysis of first observation distance about approaching ship in domestic collision accidents, nearly $45\%$ of accidents is close first observation less than 2 miles. Therefore it is essential part for safety navigations to study for collision avoidance action in close encounter. In this paper, as a fundamental study of supporting collision avoidance maneuvering for navigators, we proposed ship collision avoidance support model in close quarters situation through analysis qf collision accidents to effectively get rid of the causes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.493-498
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• 2003

Ship is being operated under a highly dynamic environments and many factors are related with ship's collision and those factors are interacting. So, An analysis on the ship's collision muses is very important to prepare countermeasures which will ensure the safe navigation. And the analysis confirmed that ship's collision is occurred most frequently and the muse is closely related with human factor. The main purpose of this study is to build a model of human factors in ship's collision muse using SD(System Dynamics} approach and to measure a effect which is risk control countermeasures of ship's collision. To achieve this aim, the structure analysis on the muses of ship's collision using FSM are performed, and the structure was changed by quantitative, qualitative factors and their feedback loops in casual map. This model was performed over 20 years(1993-2012) in a standard simulation model and 8 policy simulation models.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.439-445
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• 2008

Various turning tests were carried out according to the rudder angle, turning direction, and the speed etc. with the ship's maneuverability measuring system on the training ship HANBADA. After that they were compared with each other on the turning circle, maneuvering performance index and the distance of new course, and then found out that they were satisfied with the IMO maneuvering standards. And the turning circles of port were smaller than those of starboard with all the rudder angles and maneuvering indexes such as K and T were relatively bigger than other vessels. Also, the distance cf new course was measured to $125{\sim}300m$ in case of the new course on $30^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$. All of these results will be helpful to escape from collision and to alter course on coastal voyage.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.8
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• pp.708-715
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• 2014

In this paper, we suggest a method of realtime confidence interval estimation to detect abnormal states of sensor data. For realtime confidence interval estimation, the mean square errors of the exponential smoothing method and moving average method, two of the time series analysis method, where compared, and the moving average method with less errors was applied. When the sensor data passes the bounds of the confidence interval estimation, the administrator is notified through alarming. As the suggested method is for realtime anomaly detection in a ship, an Android terminal was adopted for better communication between the wireless sensor network and users. For safe navigation, an administrator can make decisions promptly and accurately upon emergency situation in a ship by referring to the anomaly detection information through realtime confidence interval estimation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.353-361
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• 2017

As ship-based tourism increases, safe sailing and management are necessary to prevent maritime accidents. Because external rescue support cannot arrive rapidly in the case of ship-related accidents, the initial response is very important for damage minimization. Further, for secondary damage prevention, it is necessary to accurately determine passenger positions. In this paper, considering the characteristics of a ship, the enhanced-Zigbee(e-Zigbee) position determination technology (PDT) is applied, which improved upon the Zigbee PDT by having advantages such as low power consumption and smaller size. According to user needs, a low-cost and high-precision passenger positioning tag and access point(AP) is provided. A ship testbed that yields improved positioning accuracy based on a performance evaluation is constructed.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2005

On this study, I constructed the reflective acoustic signal detecting system using 15MHz acoustic transducer. The most difficult problems discriminating the characteristics of the metal substance are the discriminating the corrosion state and seeking hidden defects by using none destructive testing. For solving these problems, at first, theoretic analysis has been proceeded on the acoustic V(z) characteristics which is very important on discriminating the material characteristics. For application the V(z) theory to discriminating corrosion state, the 100 and 500 won metal coins which are issued on the different years are used as the test samples. The experimental results showed the distinct differences among the coin's acoustic signals accorded to its issued years. I catched the common regulation by analysing the acquisited acoustic signals and convinced this technique to be very useful on corrosion discrimination of the metal substances by none destructive testing and also can be used to inspect on the aeronautical materials for safety navigation.