• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.19-39
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop the safety theme-based integrated teaching learning process plans for the middle school Home Economics(HE) Instruction and ultimately to contribute for the middle school students to live their safe lives. To achieve the goals of this study, HE curriculum documents from the 1st to the 2015 revision were analyzed and a survey was conducted to identify the middle school students' current status of safety accidents and needs on the HE safety education. The respondents of the survey were the 512 students of one ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Girls' Middle School in Busan. And then, the seven integrated themes were selected, each seven integrated theme-networks were formed, and safety theme-based Home Economics curriculum and learning materials were developed. The results of this study were as the follows. The safety education content has continually been included from the first HE curriculum of 1954 to the 2015 revised HE curriculum. The middle school student respondents highly needed the content of 'the methods to deal with sexual violence and prostitution prevention', 'suicide prevention', and 'bullying net' for the HE safety education. All the 42 items were needed for the HE safety education by the respondents. The safety theme-based HE teaching learning process plans developed finally included the seven integrated themes, which were (1) dietary life safety, (2) adolescents' sex and safety, (3) adolescents' relationships with friends and safety, (4) family life and safety, (5) dwelling life and safety, (6) adolescents' egos and safety, and (7) social environment and safety. Each integrated theme consisted of three to six small themes, which amounted to total 28(for 35 lessons). Each small theme was presented with learning objectives and particular goals. The total 157 learning materials including the Home Economics curriculum were developed, which offered learning objectives and content for each safety theme, total 28 teaching and learning plans(for 35 lessons) were developed, which offered specific instructions for the easy implementation of the curriculum in the classroom, 28 PPTs, 25 film materials, four reading materials, 61 workbooks, 14 activity sheets, 16 evaluation sheets, 3 test sheets, 2 reference materials, and 4 learning material models(the refrigerator model, traffic lights for discussions, food tray model and stickers, and food mileage card). In this study, the safety education themes of 'clothing life and safety', 'conflict and safety', 'professional life and safety', and 'consumer and safety' were not addressed because these theme were not needed highly by the respondents. Therefore, for the further development of the teaching learning process plans for the HE safety education, it is necessary to develop and evaluate the teaching learning process plans to address the themes of 'clothing life and safety', 'conflict and safety', 'professional life and safety', and 'consumer and safety'.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.220-228
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of a safety management program on safety accident-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of elementary school students in Korea. Methods: This study adopted nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The number of subjects was 34 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The safety management program was performed for approximately 50 minutes each session, once a week for 8 weeks. Data were collected from March 14th to June 23th, 2006, and analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test and independent t-test with SPSS WIN 16.0. Results: There were statistically significant differences in safety-related knowledge (t=3.010, p=.006) and behavior (t=18.833, p=.001) between the experimental group and the control group. The score of attitude was different between the experimental group and the control group but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The safety management program used in this study was appropriate for elemental school students and affected safety-related knowledge and behavior of elementary school students. Therefore safety education should be provided systematically for elementary schools over the whole country.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

Smart City is highly anticipated to solve the problems of existing cities and create new added value, but there is also increasing concern about security risks. The negative view of smart city according to security risk awareness is a problem that needs to be improved in order to activate the fourth industrial revolution technology and develop smart city. This study examined risk factors in smart cities based on perceived risk and user resistance theory, and empirically analyzed the relationship with resistance attitudes. According to the empirical analysis with 288 research samples, security, social, and physical risk factors directly affect smart city resistance, while financial, performance, and privacy risk have no significant effect. In addition, it was verified that the security risk can is an antecedent factor for other risk factors, and it was confirmed that it is required to separately discuss the security and privacy risk in the smart city environment. This study shows that it is necessary to prepare policy supports for social interactions as well as security and physical safety issues in order to activate smart city by discussing the risk factors that negatively affect smart city perception from the public's point of view.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2009

문제: 억제대 적용에 대한 구체적 적용 지침 없이 의례적으로 억제대를 사용함으로 인해 환자들의 신체적 또는 정신적 안전을 위협할 수 있다. 목적: 완전 진정 상태 이거나 근력이 약하여 발관 능력이 없는 환자에 대한 예방적 적용, 바빠서 환자를 볼 수 없는 경우, 간호사 본인의 판단이 없이 타인의 요구에 따르는 등의 불필요한 억제대 적용이 증가하는 원인을 파악하여 중환자실의 특수성에 맞는 억제대 적용 및 제거 지침을 마련하고자한다. 의료기관: 인천광역시에 소재한 의과대학 소속병원의 집중치료실 질 향상 활동: 불필요한 억제대 적용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 선정하여 개선활동 수행. 개선효과: 억제대 적용에 대한 중환자실 간호사에게 미치는 영향을 보면 태도 정도 p=0.09(p<0.1), 올바른 수행 능력은 p=0.005(p<0.05)로 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 지식 정도 p=0.172(p<0.05) 통계적으로 유의 하지는 않지만 모든 항목이 개선 활동 전 에 비해 2,3차 개선 활동 후에 향상 한 것으로 나타났다. 개선 활동 전에 8.1%였던 간호 기록, 0.7%였던 간호 중재, 0%였던 의사 처방율이 3차 개선 활동 후 3가지 모두 100% 달성되었다. 이는 억제대 적용율 감소 및 부적절한 억제대 적용율은 유의하게 감소 하였다. 교훈: 중환자실 간호사의 억제대 적용에 대한 태도, 지식, 올바른 간호 수행 능력은 지속적으로 재평가 되어지고, 교육내용은 좀 더 나은 간호 제공을 위하여 개발되어져야 할 것이다. 억제대 적용 기준과 제거 기준을 Check List 하여 객관성의 유지를 위한 개선 활동은 계속적으로 Feedback 되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of a safe environment, as well as self-reported and observed compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Methods: This study was conducted in October 2021 with 55 nurses working in the medical and surgical ICUs of a general hospital in Seoul. A self-reported questionnaire and an observational tool for compliance with the use of PPE were used to collect data. Results: Except for masks, the observed compliance for all other PPE types was lower than the self-reported compliance. Male nurses showed significantly higher observed compliance than female nurses. Self-reported compliance with PPE use, including "when there is a possibility of contact with objects contaminated with blood or body fluids, mucous membranes, damaged skin, or contaminated skin" (r = .23, p = .015) and "when there is a possibility of contact with blood, body fluids, secretions, or exudates" (r = .27, p = .004) showed significant correlations with knowledge of PPE. In the results for self-reported compliance with PPE use, gown use had a significant correlation with knowledge (r = .24, p < .001) and perceptions of a safe environment (r = .15, p = .016) for PPE, and gloves showed significant correlations with attitudes (r = .14, p = .024) and perceptions of a safe environment (r = .18, p = .003). Conclusion: The observed compliance with PPE use tended to be lower than the self-reported compliance among ICU nurses. It is necessary to develop and apply an effective educational program that can enhance improve actual compliance with PPE use among intensive care unit nurses.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.415-433
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• 2012

This study was conducted in order to explain the effect of driving behavior determinants such as drivers' personality and attitude that may induce risky driving behavior and to develop a valid method for discriminating risky drivers using the determinants. In the results of surveying 534 adult drivers, 5 driving behavior determinants (avoidance of problems, benefit/stimulus seeking, interpersonal anxiety, interpersonal anger, and aggression) were found to have a statistically significant effect on drivers' various risky driving behaviors. Using these factors, drivers were grouped according to risk levels (normal drivers, unintentionally risky drivers, and intentionally risky drivers). This result suggests that drivers' dangerous behavior level can be predicted using psychological factors such as their personality and attitude. Accordingly, if the driving behavior determinant model and the base score system used in this study are improved through further research, they are expected to be useful in predicting drivers' recklessness in advance, identifying problems, and providing differentiated safe driving education services based on the results.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-40
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in the traffic environments and driving behaviors in 5 regions of Korea. Data were collected through the survey research from 1387 passenger car drivers in 14 locations in Korea. The main findings of this research are as followings: First of all, There were significant differences in traffic environment factors(road topography, construction, road & safety facilities, pedestrian behaviors, surrounding drivers) among 5 regional areas. When we examined drivers factors, there were significant differences among 5 metropolitan areas on wearing seat belt, most of constructions related to drink driving, speed-limit violation. There were many differences in driving habits, intentions, behaviors including wearing seat belt, driving after drinking according to metropolitan area, and also in case of speed-limit violation and careless driving behavior. These results suggested that there are many differences in traffic environments and driver's behaviors among regional areas. These result suggests that traffic safety policy and practice should be prepared based upon the peculiarities of regional area. We discussed these resulte in terms of the regional traffic policy and the suggestions for future studies were added.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.81-106
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• 2019

This study analyzed safety management system against disasters perceived by local residents of Chungcheongbuk-do and then examined the policy directions to be considered in order for local governments to improve the safety level of residents and build an effective safety management system against disasters. The findings were as follows. First, in their recognition of risks of safety against disasters, recognition on the possibility of the occurrence of natural disasters was higher than that of social disasters or safety accidents. Secondly, also in the aspect of the importance of category of safety management against disasters, they recognized that of natural disasters far higher than others. Third, they showed satisfaction higher than average with basic job performance of local governments related with safety management, whereas they showed relatively less satisfaction with the aspects of check and publicity of risk factors, and short-term restoration system out of phased job performance. Fourth, in the aspect of capability of local governments for safety management against disasters, they rated positively capability of the responsible departments and the professionality, whereas they relatively underestimated the scale or budget of safety-related organizations. Fifth, the policy directions to be taken for safety against disasters by local governments included strengthening of regular education like experience-based training, expansion of education among local residents, more support for relevant facilities and resources, activation of residents-participating campaigns, improvement of apparatus and personnel treatment related with firefighting and security, frequent patrol and oversight, more exercises against disasters. So, to strengthen safety management system against disasters in local governments and build a effective responding system may need to extend programs assisting vulnerable class to safety against disasters, build a community-friendly safety management system, extend the cooperation system by participation of residents, enhance collaboration and support system with safety-related bodies like police, firefighters.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.38-48
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• 2017

Finding causes of workers' unsafe behaviors is important to prevent construction accidents because 80 percent of accidents occur by workers' unsafe behaviors. In this regard, this research aims to investigate possible reasons of workers' unsafe behaviors based on workers' cognitive process model using System dynamics. This study is based on two ways of workers' cognitive process which are in relation to hazard perception and failure of hazard perception. Based on existing literature, causal loops for workers' cognitive process are developed to explain workers' habituation by staying out of accidents, safety learning by experience, failure of hazard perception, and attitude change by accidents. The interactions between the developed loops provide managerial insights to reduce workers' unsafe behaviors from a safety manager's perspective including increasing the probability of workers' hazard perception through knowledge management, maintaining workers' positive attitude toward safety, and controlling first-line supervisors to eliminate workers' unsafe behavior. The research allows us to better understand the causes and solutions of workers' unsafe behaviors in workers' cognitive perspectives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.688-693
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• 2016

In this study, various conflicts in the maritime police organization were diagnosed and police subculture, which is different from dominant mainstream maritime police culture, was concluded to cause conflicts. In addition, maritime police conflicts and conflicts due to the balance, confrontation, and contradiction between bureaucratic and democratic values in the maritime police organization itself are discussed. The results of analysis on the effects of Maritime police subculture on organizational conflict are as follows: First, the influence of cynicism on functional conflict was explored. The higher the level of lies of the persons under investigation, the more functional conflict appeared. Also, if a person showed a low level of credibility among the police, this also led to functional conflict. In addition, if an individual showed low levels of cooperation and credibility with the police, this resulted in hierarchical conflict. Second, the influence of machismo on functional conflict was also explored. It was found that female officers experienced conflicts because of poorer job performance compared to male counterparts. In hierarchical issues, female officers experienced conflict over the reduced scope of tasks assigned to them and lower job performance ability. Third, the effect of non-acceptance of change in functional conflict was not statistically significant. An aggressive attitude toward crime control and rejecting jobs unrelated to crime influenced functional conflict, and an aggressive attitude and performing jobs unrelated to crime lead to functional conflict.