• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.438-440
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• 2018

Cardiac arrest is a series of conditions that occur when the heart is stopped, regardless of the cause. Cardiac arrest due to heart disease is included in the cause of death in korea every year and is unpredictable. One of the only ways to save a patient's life when a cardiac arrest is cardiopulmonary resuscitation is to maintain circulation through this procedure. The visual information is transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve. Among them, the mittor can see its movement and its shape, and it can be used for correction and analysis. Therefore compared the quality of chest compressions with visual information using mirrors. There was a significant difference in the mean depth of chest compressions($48.93{\pm}6.76$, $53.86{\pm}4.56$, <0.001), and there was also a difference in compression to relaxation ratio($0.87{\pm}0.13$, $0.96{\pm}0.10$, <0.002). There was also a significant difference in attitude awareness($4.93{\pm}0.85$, $8.14{\pm}1.38$, <0.001).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.525-527
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• 2019

Cardiac arrest is a series of conditions occur when the heart is stopped, regardless of the cause. one of the only ways to save a patient's life in the event of cardiac arrest is cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is very important beacause it can maintain circulation through this technique, and high-quality CPR affects the survival rate and neurological prognosis of the patient. For infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use two finger to compress the chest. Hower, this method can be diffcult to reach the chest commpressions recommended by the American Heart Association because of the anatomically increased fatigue of the fingers and diffculty of vertical pressure. The study aims to verify the effects of new chest compressions in the implementation of chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The study also showed singnificant differences in chest depth and average rate of pressure(p<0.001). Based on the results of this study, we can see that the accuracy of the new chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation is increased, and the depth of chest compressions is improved, improving the quality index of chest compressions.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.490-494
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• 2003

Purpose : We'd like to determine the incidence of congenital heart disease and arrhythmia in elementary school children in Busan, and to provide adequate prevention and treatment. Methods : A total of 23,802(male 12,909, female 10,893) 1st grade elementary school children living in Busan were studied. All children were 7-8 years old. We obtained their medical history by questionnaire and checked elecrocardiography(ECG). Subsequent screening tests including a 2nd ECG, chest X-ray, phonocardiogram and CBC for the students who had abnormal findings at the first screening test. The third screening test was done for students who had cardiac murmurs or abnormal ECG findings in the second screening test by echocardiogram, treadmill test and 24-hour Holter monitoring. Results : Among 23,802 children participants, 605(2.54%) had abnormal ECG findings at the first screening test. Q wave abnormality(0.58%) was observed most frequently, and complete right bundle branch block(RBBB)(0.26%), sinus tachycardia(0.24%), right axis deviation(0.22%) and ventricular premature contraction(VPC)(0.21%) followed in order. Four hundred and twenty four children participated in the second ECG screening test. Two hundred and two children(47.6%) had an abnormality such as sinus tachycardia(18.8%), VPC(17.8%), or complete RBBB(17.3%). After completing the third examination including echocardiogram, we couldn't find the students with ventricular tachycardia (VT) or SVT at the third arrhythmia screening test. Conclusion : A high incidence of arrhythmia was found in the 1st grade elementary school children in Busan despite their healthy appearances, although fatal heart diseases were not noted. Early diagnosis, adequate preventative measures and treatment will prevent and decrease the frequency of emergent situations like syncope and sudden death.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 1996

In an attempt to evaluate the effect of St. Thomas' hospital cardioplegic solution (STH) I and II on the cultured rat myocardial cells, beating rate, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (Irtrazolium MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase activity were investigated, and also light and electron microscopic studies were carried out. After rat myocardial cells were cultured for 72 hours, cells were treated with STH I or with STH H solution for 30 and 120 min. and thereafter myocardial cells were cultured in control medium for 24 hours. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Beating rate was 154 times per min. in control group, 141 times per min. in STH I solution(for 2. 120 min.)-treated group and 145 times in STH ll solution (for 120 min.)-treated group. MTT absorbances by MTT assay were 102% in STH I solution (for 120 min.)-treated group and 93% in STH ll solution (for 120 min.)-treated group compared with control group. 3. The amount of lactate dehydrogenase released into the medium were 123% in STH I solution (for 120 min.)-treated group and 109% in STH H solution (for 120 min.)-treated group compared with control group. 4. In the light microscopy examination, myocardial cells showed no differences between experimental and control groups in their number and shape. 5. In the electron microscopy examination, myocardial cells treated with STH I solution showed fewer destroyed mitochondria compared to STH ll solution-treated group. These results suggest that both 51. Thomas'cardioplegic solution STH 1 and STH H have no cytotoxicity on cultured rat myocardial cells, but STH H solution has more protective effect on myocardial cells compared to STH I solution.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

The non pulsation blood pump is divided into axial flow and centrifugal style according to the direction of inlet and outlet flow. An axial flow blood pump can be made smaller than a centrifugal blood pump because centrifugal pump's rpm is fewer than axial flow pump. Hemolysis is an important factor for the development of an axial flow blood pump. It is difficult to identify the areas where hemolysis occurs. Evaluation of hemolysis both in in-vitro and in-vivo test requires a long-time and more expensive. Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis enables the engineer to predict hemolysis on a computer which just can get not only amount of htmolysis but also location of hemolysis. It takes shorter time and less expensive than in-vitro test. The purpose of this study is to git Computational fluid dynamics in axial flow pump and to verify the accuracy of prediction by the possibility of design comparing CFD results with in-vitro experimental results. Also, wish to figure out the correction method that can bring improvement in shape of axial flow blood pump using CFD analysis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.3 s.260
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• pp.184-193
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• 2006

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) has been proven to result in less morbidity. The patients who have left ventricular dysfunction may have benefits by avoiding the adverse effects of the cardiopulmonary bypass. The present study compared early and midterm outcomes of off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (On pump CABG) in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction. Material and Method: Ninety hundred forth six patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting by one surgeon between January 2001 and Febrary 2005.. Data were collected in 100 patients who had left ventricular ejection fraction (L VEF) less than $35\%$ (68 OPCAB; 32 On pump CABG). Mean age of patients were 62.9$\pm$9.0 years in OPCAS group and 63.8$\pm$8.0 years in On pump CABG group. We compared the preoperative risk factors and evaluated early and midterm outcomes. Result: In OPCAB and On pump CABG group, mean number of used grafts per patient were 2.75$\pm$0.72, 2.78$\pm$0.55 and mean number of distal anastomoses were 3.00$\pm$0.79, 3.16$\pm$0.72 respectively. There was one perioperative death in OPCAB group ($1.5\%$). The operation time, ventilation time, ICU stay time, CK-MB on the first postoperative day, and occurrence rate of complications were significantly low in OPCAB group. Mean follow-up time was 26.6$\pm$12.8 months (4${\~}$54 months). Mean LVEF of OPCAB and On pump CABG group improved significantly from $27.1\pm4.5\%$ to $40.7\pm13.0\%$ and $26.9\pm5.4\%$ to $33.3\pm13.7\%$. The 4-year actuarial survival rate of OPCAB and On pump CABG group were $92.2\%,\;88.3\%$ and the 4-year freedom rates from cardiac death were $97.7\%,\;96.4\%$ respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups in 4 year freedom rate from cardiac event and angina. Conclusion: OPCAS improves myocardial function and favors early and mid-term outcomes in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction compared to On pump CABG group. Therefore, OPCAB is a preferable operative strategy even in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

The Photoplethysmogram is a similar periodic signal that synchrinized to a heartbeat. In this paper, we propose a exponential weight moving average filter that use similarity of Photoplethysmogram. This filtering method has the average value of each samples through separating the cycle of PPG signal. If there are some motion artifacts in continuous PPG signal, disjoin the signal based on cycle. And then, we made these signals to have same cycle by coordinating the number of sample. After arrange these cycles in 2 dimension, we put the average value of each samples from starting till now. So, we can eliminate the motion artifacts without damaged PPG signal.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2017

Many of the wearable smart fitness devices provide services related to users' heartbeat rates. These services use fixed standards which have been pre-determined based on statistical data. However, because body conditions significantly differ between individuals, the services applying fixed standards to all individuals are not reliable. This paper proposes the Feedback-RFC model which adapts heartbeat standards to individual users' exercise abilities and also proposes a method to implement the model. This paper also shows the effectiveness of the Feedback-RFC model by collecting heartbeat data from 12 participants and evaluating the model with the data.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 2015

웨어러블 디바이스 시장은 현재 스마트 워치를 중심으로 급속히 성장하고 있다. 웨어러블 디바이스는 심장 박동수 등 헬스케어 정보를 스마트워치나 스마트밴드의 헬스센서를 통해 얻고, 이 내용을 스마트 폰이나 서버로 전송하는 기능을 수행한다. 그리고 웨어러블 디바이스를 통해 자동차 또는 스마트폰의 메시지 통신과 통화기능까지 수행하고 있다. 현재 웨어러블 디바이스 중 하나인 스마트 글래스도 세계의 여러나라에서 개발을 시작했으며, 구글 글래스 출시 이후에 스마트 글래스의 일반인의 관심이 높아지기 시작했으며, 두 손이 자유로운 이동환경에서 동영상 촬영이나 인터넷이나 사물인터넷 통신이 가능케 하고 있다. 웨어러블 MPEG 국제표준기술은 웨어러블 기기의 가장 중요한 특징을 기초로 하고 있다. 그 중요한 특징은 웨어러블 기기에서 키보드를 사용할 수 없다는 것이다. 웨어러블 디바이스를 사용하는데 제스처, 보이스 명령어를 이용하게 되고, 이 명령어로 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 제어하는 것이 중요한 요소기술이다. 전세계 웨어러블 디바이스 제조사 입장에서는 스마트폰 또는 다른 웨어러블 디바이스와 통신을 위해 멀티미디어 응용 어플리케이션에 대하여 상호 통신이 가능한 메타데이터 정합표준이 필요하다. 이와 관련된 파일포맷정보의 국제표준화가 시급한 상황이다. 상호 통신을 위해 웨어러블 디바이스에서 사용자로 전달되는 명령어체계는 크게 제스처 명령어, 보이스 명령어와 터치 명령어로 나눌 수 있다. 웨어러블 MPEG 국제표준기술 중에서 멀티미디어 통신과 제스처인식 분야에서는 세가지의 명령어 집합을 기준으로 웨어러블 디바이스의 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 제어하는 것이 중요한 부분이다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.75-82
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• 2012

The Photoplethysmogram is a similar periodic signal that synchronized to a heartbeat. In this paper, we propose a periodic moving average filter that use similarity of Photoplethysmogram. This filtering method has the average value of each samples through separating the cycle of PPG signal. If there are some motion artifacts in continuous PPG signal, disjoin the signal based on cycle. And then, we made these signals to have same cycle by coordinating the number of sample. After arrange these cycles in 2 dimension, we put the average value of each samples from starting till now. So, we can eliminate the motion artifacts without damaged PPG signal.