• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.243-274
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• 2009

The association, word frequency and imagery have been considered as the main factors that affect the word recognition. The present study aimed to examine the imagery effect and the interaction of the association effect while controlling the frequency effect. To explain the imagery effect, we compared the two theories (dual-coding theory, context availability model). The lexical decision task using priming paradigm was administered. The duration of prime words was manipulated as 20ms, 50ms, and 450ms in experiments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The association and imagery of prime words were manipulated as the main factors in each of the three experiments. In experiment 1, the duration of prime words (20ms) which is expected to not activate the semantic context enough to affects the word recognition was used. As a result, only imagery effect was statically significant. In experiment 2, the duration of prime word was 50ms, which we expected to activate the semantic context without perceptual awareness. The result showed both the association and imagery effects. The interaction between the two effects was also significant. In experiment 3, to activate the semantic context with perceptual awareness, the prime words were presented for 450ms. Only association effect was statically significant in this experimental condition. The results of the three experiments suggest that the influence of the imagery was at the early stages of word recognition, while the association effect appeared rather later than the imagery. These results implied that the two theories are not contrary to each other. The dual-coding theory just concerned imagery effect which affects the early stage of word recognition, and context-availability model is more for the semantic context effect which affects rather later stage of word recognition. To explain the word recognition process more completely, some integrated model need to be developed considering not only the main 3 effects but also the stages which extends along the time course of the process.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.354-357
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• 2013

Verruca vulgaris is one of the most frequent lesions of the skin. Evidences support that this lesion has strong association with low-risk human papillomavirus. Unlike skin lesion, oral verrucae vulgaris are not easily encountered and often misdiagnosed as squamous papilloma. Herein, we reported eight cases of oral verruca vulgaris and analyzed their clinicopathological features.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.174-180
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• 1995

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 2016

Verruca vulgaris of the larynx (VVL) is an extremely rare disease that can be easily misdiagnosed as papillary keratosis, squamous papilloma or verrucous carcinoma, which would have led to needless operation. We experienced a case of VVL in a 66-year-old man with 1-year history of progressive hoarseness. Whitish lesions in both vocal cords were observed by using indirect laryngoscopy and completely removed via microlaryngeal surgery with $CO_2$ laser.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2023

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.168-174
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• 1995

The Plummer - Vinson syndrome Is characteristic difficulty In swallowing, iron defeciency anemia, and upper esophageal or hypopharyngeal web. It is rarely disease in Korea. We have experienced a case of the Plummer-Vinson syndrome, complaining of dysphagia with iron deficient anemia, hypopharyngeal web who was thirty - two years old woman has treated with bullous pemphigoid. The patient has treated sucessfully in the fasion with microsuspentional CO2 Laser for removal of hypopharyngeal web. We report one case with review of the literature.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.112-122
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to know the effect of Korean medical treatments on pemphigus vulgaris with generalized pruritus. Methods : We treated a 44-years-old woman patient with pemphigus vulgaris on the whole body with Korean medicine. After Korean medical treatment for 17 weeks, we measured the extinction of blisters and decrease of pruritus. We recorded pictures of changes on symptoms. Results & Conclusions : The symptoms of pemphigus vulgaris were significantly improved. The blisters and itching were decreased and skin damages were almost recovered. Thus Korean medical treatments are effective on pemphigus vulgaris.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.72-75
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• 2004

Pemphigus vulgaris is a rin, chronic intraepidermal bullous disease with potentially fatal outcome. Oral lesions precede skin lesions in at least $70\%$ of cases, and in cutaneous disease, concomitant oral lesions are encountered in $90\%$ of patients. This disorder involve the skin and mucous membranes, especially the oral and pharyngeal mucosa, but may also involve the nasal, oropharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal mucosa. Oral lesions are initially vesicobullous but rapidly rupture, leaving a painful erosion that shows little tendency to heal. Pemphigus vulgaris affecting the oral mucosa is still diagnosed only after considerable delay, because oral ulceration in common, and clinicians believed the lesions to be caused by more common conditions such as recurrent aphthous stomatitis rather than a rare disorder such as pemphigus vulgaris. The definitive diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris should be undertaken as early as possible, so that treatment can be started at an earl·y stage. Because of the presence of nonspecific oral ulcer, high degree of suspicion is often required to ultimately make the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris and then we report a case of pemphigus vulgaris with a literature review.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.162-170
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• 2020

Objectives : This study is to report a case of Verruca vulgaris in a paediatric patient, treated with korean medicine, primarily focused on Aroma Therapy by Tea Tree Oil(Melaleuca Alternifolia). Methods : A 12-year-old female patient was treated with herbal medicine, Aroma therapy using Tea tree oil due to periungual and plantar warts. photographs of lesions and VAS were used to evaluted the changes in symptoms. Results : The herbal medicine was performed only for first 7Days due to refusal of the patient. So, the patient was treated by only aroma therapy using tea tree oil for about 9 months. After the treatment, the lesions of the patient showed complete clearence and there was no relapse. Conclusions : This case suggests that Korean medicine, especially aroma therapy using tea tree oil is an effective treatment for Melaleuca Alternifolia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.154-163
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report a case of verruca vulgaris patient, treated only with Korean medicine. Methods : A 6-years-old female patient was treated only with Korean medicine due to verruca vulgaris on left hand. Photographs and size measurements of lesions were used to evaluate the changes in symptoms. Results : After 3 months of treatment, the patient's lesions showed almost complete clearance and there were no adverse effects. Conclusions : According to the results, Korean medicine with Bojungikgi-tang Hab Saengmaek-san Gamibang could be an effective and safe treatment for verruca vulgaris in a pediatric patient.