• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 1999

The most effective cytokinin for shoot multiplication in vitro of Prunus persica cv. Baekmijosaeng, Okubo, and Yumyeong was 2.0 mg/L BA. As the result of combinational treatment of BA and auxin sources (IAA, IBA and NAA), 2.0 mg/L BA with 1.0 mg/L IAA was the most effective for shoot multiplication of cv. Baekmijosaeng. The most effective auxin source for rooting was IAA and the concentration was 5.0 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L for cv. Baekmijosaeng and Okubo, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.9-11
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• 1992

To examine aluminum toxicity on woody plants, Forsythia koreana cuttings were grown in the aluminum solution and ground water(pH 6.75). Aluminum solution were prepared 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0mM aluminum potassium sulfate, dilulted with ground water. Shoot growth, leaf number, leaf injury and leaf chlorophyll content were measured and compared among the treatments. In all growth-related characters(shoot growth. leaf number, leaf injury and leaf chlorophyll content), differences among the treatments were highly significant. Forsythia koreana cuttings were severely stressed in aluminum solution more than 1.0mM concentration.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 1997

Allelopathic activity of methanol extract from medicinal plants was determined based on the inhibition of germination, shoot and root length of Echinochloa crus-galli. The response was depended on the source of extracts and concentrations. Of the 20 test plants tested, Cnidium officinale showed most inhibition according to germination, shoot and root length of E. crus-galli. Based on the plant parts, the root extract of C. officinale had more inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli than the stem+leaf extract. Phytotoxic effects of the root extract on E. crus-galli showed 75% inhibition of seed germination, 95% inhibition of shoot growth, and 100% inhibition of root growth at the concentration of 1g/petridish. Sequential partitioning of root extract with organic solvents with increasing polarity showed that the ethylacetate fraction had the greatest inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli. Germination was not inhibited at any rate of ethylacetate fraction but shoot and root growth, were significantly inhibited even at 2mg/petridish. This indicates that the most toxic phytotoxin present in the root extract may be moderate polar compound.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2000

This study was carried out to know the factors affecting on shoot formation and rooting for stable and routine production of plantlets in bioreactor culture of Scrophularia buergeriana. Multiple shoots were formed effectively when explants were transplanted on the MS media with decreased concentration of $NH_4NO_3$ as 413mg/ l . Three hundred stem explants (0.8-1.0cm) was appeared as proper inoculation size in bioreactor culture. IBA (0.05mg/L) was more effective for rooting of the shoots in liquid as well as solid media. Six weeks long culture of explants in bioreactor gave better shoot shape for rooting on solid half-strength MS media.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2007

To establish a optimum culture condition in vitro for production of seedlings in Wasabia japonica, the effects of salt strength, sucrose concentration, and $NH_4/NO_3$ ratio on the shoot growth in MS medium were investigated. The full strength of MS medium was the best condition for shoot growth, and in $1/4{\sim}1/2x$ or 2x MS medium the growth was significantly suppressed. Growth of shoots was enhanced when sucrose was added in MS medium after 2 weeks of culture, and the best result was found at 3% sucrose addition. ${NH_4}^+/{NO_3}^-$ ratio of 10:50 gave the highest biomass of shoot in the liquid culture with MS medium, and increasing the ${NH_4}^+$ ratio in the medium significantly reduced the growth of shoot.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.762-770
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• 2014

This study was conducted to elucidate the influence of prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) application on shoot growth and fruit quality in 'Fuji'/M.9 mature apple trees. Pro-Ca was applied at concentrations ranging from 100 to $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ one time at petal fall (PF; 5-10 cm terminal shoot growth) to the whole canopy of the tree, or at 100, 125, $150mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ concentrations two times, at PF and then 4-8 weeks after PF. Pro-Ca treatment generally reduced mean shoot growth, with its effect being proportional to the application rate. Pro-Ca at $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ significantly reduced the shoot growth by 15-22% compared to the control, while its effect was not significantly different from Pro-Ca $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Pro-Ca treatments induced higher occurrence of secondary growth compared to the control. Pro-Ca treatment increased the photosynthetic rate by 5-10% relative to the control, and also increased soluble solid concentration and fruit red color. However, fruit weight was significantly reduced by $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Pro-Ca, which was attributable to the greater secondary growth caused Pro-Ca $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment compared to the control and Pro-Ca $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.281-285
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• 2005

To establish the mass proliferation system of Ardisia pusilla DC, the shoot tips of Ardisia pusilla DC were cultured on the MS and half-strength MS medium supplemented with $0{\sim}5.0$ mg/L BA or $0{\sim}0.5$ mg/L thidiazuron(TDZ), respectively. A few multiple shoot formation observed when the shoots were cultured on MS medium containing TDZ. However, the frequency of multiple shoot formation was reached up to 82.4%, when the shoots were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA. Also the number of shoot per explant was 7.1. To promote rooting from multiple shoot, newly formed shoots were transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L IBA or 0.5 mg/L NAA, respectively. Regenerated plantlets were grown to normal mature plants in soil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2001

Effects of growth regulators, scion length and scion diameter on shooting and seedling characteristics were investigated to increase seedling products by root cuttings of lacquer tree. Shoots developed and emerged above-ground from the root scion at 3∼5 weeks after cut plating, most of that was a shoot but some of that were 2∼3 shoots. Otherwise, non-shooting was the reason that cortical layer was decayed. Soaking in zeatin was the most effective on shooting of root cuttings and high concentration was effective. Also soaking on high contents of BA or kinetin was effective on shooting but was lower totally than soaking on zeatin. Seedling characteristics among 3 growth regulators and 3 concentrations were not any difference in statistical significant, but were move excellent than control. As root scion was tall, shoots were developed at early. 15cm length scion was the most excellent to use seedlings but 3cm length scion was wickedness. 10cm scion, however, was highest to product of seedlings than any others. 0.3∼0.5 cm length scion was showed 76% shooting rate at 10 weeks after cut planting, but seedling characteristics were not any difference among the kind of 3 diameters.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.310-317
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• 2019

Plant regeneration protocols for adventitious shoot organogenesis from apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') leaf explants were developed in the present study. The effects of different basal media, types and concentrations of carbon sources, and concentrations of plant growth regulators were evaluated to determine the optimal shoot regeneration conditions for 'Fuji' apple leaf explants. On different treatments involving combinations of basal media, LS and N6 media, and different types and concentrations of cytokinins, 6-benzyl-adenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ), shoot regeneration rates were the highest in the N6 medium combined with BA. Among the plant growth regulator and carbon source combination treatments, 5.0 mg/L BA, and 0.1 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 40 g/L sorbitol was the optimal combination for shoot regeneration. In addition, the optimal sorbitol concentrations for shoot regeneration were 40 g/L and 60 g/L. The highest regeneration (81.8%) was achieved using 40 g/L sorbitol. The regenerated shoots elongated and rooted on rooting medium, consisting of 1/4 MS medium with 0.2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The plantlets were acclimatized and the regenerated plants exhibited normal phenotypes.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.101-104
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• 1995

The experiment was conducted to identify the optimal in vitro propagation condition for P. lactiflora Pall. Through apical shoot tip and axillary shoot tip culture of winter bud. When apical shoot tip and axillary shoot tips excised from winter bud were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators, all the apical shoot tips elongated regardless of the composition of the medium but axillary shoot tips responded differently. Shoot of 'Uisong' local cultivate was well elongated in the medium containing 0.01mg/L NAA. Frequency of shoot formation and subsequent shoot growth in axillary shoot tip culture were promoted in the medium containing 0.01 mg/L NAA and 5.0mg/L zeatin. 30% of the elongated shoots were vigorously rooted on the medium containing 0.1mg/L NAA with vermiculite as a support medium.