• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2014

The functions of urban open space, which embraces community revitalization, are diverse. It is the means of public healthcare, learning centers for children, hub of arts and cultural programs, as well as promoter of urban tourism. However, in-depth discourse and research on the topic of urban open spaces has been limited so far. Hence, this study aims to investigate the motivations and satisfaction of visitation based on four representative waterfront open space in Seoul; Cheongyecheon Waterfront, Seoul Forest Park, Seonyudo Park and Banpo Hangang Park. The methods of study are literature review, observation investigation, and questionnaire survey. The findings are analyzed through the Exploratory Factor Analysis, Reliability Analysis, ANOVA Analysis and Regression Analysis by SPSS 18.0. The results of the study are as follows. First, urban waterfront open spaces in Seoul has 5 factors of visitor motivation; community amenity, nature access, cultural and educational assets, aesthetic enjoyment, and lastly means of escape. Second, factors of recognizing urban waterfront open spaces as community amenity and nature access indicate meaningful differences in visitor's perception by spatial characteristics. Third, distances between the destination and the visitor's residence influence significantly their perceived motivation. Close-range visitors perceived nature access as a principal factor, whilst medium to long-range visitors perceived visitation for aesthetic purposes more importantly. Lastly, the will to escape was shown as the influential factor in visitor satisfaction. Visiting open spaces for the enjoyment of nature and aesthetic purposes were factors that also closely relate to visitor satisfaction. In addition, it was found that there are different visitor motivations that influence visitor satisfaction in accordance with the spatial characteristics of each open space. In summary, it can be said that urban waterfront open space is a hybrid space connected to various types of urban contents beyond daily experiences. It was found that several visitor motivations including community development, design aesthetics, education and culture, entertainment, enjoyment of natural landscape, and relaxation, affect the overall satisfaction of the visiting experience. It is anticipated that the results of the study will be used by the local government in setting up strategies for the creation and management of successful urban waterfront open space, and for those involved in planning and design act as a starting point for spatial programming and amenities arrangement in accordance to the city's tourism and urban marketing approach.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.721-727
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of stress on the habits of temporomandibular disorder in college students. The subjects in this study were 396 male and female students who were in their first to fourth years at five different colleges located in Jeollabuk-do. The findings of the study were as follows: As for the degree of bad oral habits, "sleeping on one side" was the most common bad oral habit, followed by "enjoying caffeinated beverages," "resting the chin on the hand or a thing" and "chewing food in one side of the mouth only." As a result of analyzing their stress by general characteristics including gender, there were significant differences according to gender in stress about school life problems, one's own problems and economic difficulties, and only stress about one's own problems statistically significantly varied with academic year. When the correlation of the factors was analyzed, perceived stress about school life problems and one's own problems had a significant positive correlation with bad oral habit scores. When a multiple linear regression analysis was made to determine the influence of general characteristics and perceived stress on bad oral habit scores, gender, academic year, self-rated oral health status, stress about school life problems and stress about one's own problems were identified as significant variables. The findings of the study illustrated that there was an organic relationship between the bad oral habits and stress of the college students.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.79-86
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• 2024

In design studies, there has been extensive prior research on accident and disaster prevention, but it mainly focuses on visualization methods to improve visibility. Most accidents and disasters are caused by human factors. However, there is little design research that considers human characteristics that manifest in dangerous situations. This study aims to identify the concepts and characteristics of safety information design that reflects human traits. It examines the concepts of risk and safety from a social science perspective and looks into human visual information processing from a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Additionally, it explores the relationship between human information processing and accident rates in dangerous situations from a psychological perspective. Based on these analyses, the study distinguishes between conventional information design and safety information design, ultimately identifying the features of safety information design that incorporates human traits. The key findings are as follows: First, information should be presented considering the human tendency to suspend rational judgment in dangerous situations. Second, appropriately dispersing or concentrating attention according to the level of risk can serve as an opportunity to minimize harm. Third, it was found that sensory and perceptual characteristics should be given top priority in the field of risk and safety information design. Through these findings, the study concludes that a design approach that reflects human traits in safety information design can ultimately be a key indicator for improving safety levels.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.331-338
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a visual fatigue prediction metric which considers individual fusional characteristics for stereoscopic video. It predicts the visual fatigue level by examining the disparity and motion characteristics of 3D videos. In addition, we classified the viewers into 2 groups according to fusional limit and the slope of fusional response which are acquired from random dot stereogram test. Then, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficient was measured between the proposed metrics and the subjective results, acquiring 80% and 79%.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

The scale of visual expression has expanded from freeze frame to motion picture as media have developed. Moving pictures such as animation, movies, TV CM and GUI become formative elements whose movement is necessary compared to freeze frame as apparent movement phenomenon and unit structure such as short and scene appear. Therefore, of formative elements such as a shape, color, space, size and movement, movement is importantly distinguished in the moving image. The expression and form of image as a relationship between the signified and signifier explained by Saussure are accepted as a sign by mutual complement even though they limit the content. This makes it possible to infer that the formal feature of movement participates in the message content. To verify this, the result of moving picture visual perception experiment based on the gestalt grouping principle result shows that 70-80 percent of subjects think that 'movement' is the important grouping clue in perception. Movement affects the maintenance of the context of message content in the communication process when the meaning structure of moving picture is analyzed based on the structural feature. The identity can be maintained with if there is a movement with similar directive point even if the color and shape of people, things and background are changed. Second, the clarity of the content is elevated by a distinguished object as a figure by movement. Third, it acts as a knowledge representation which can predict similar movement process of next information processing. Forth, movement gives the content consistency even though more than two scenes have fast switch and complicated editing structure like cross-cutting. Movement becomes a clue which can make grouping information input by visual perception reaction. Also, it gives the order to the visual expression which can be used improperly by formation of structural frame of image message and has the effectiveness which elevates the clarity of signification. Moving picture has discourse with several mixed unit structures because it fundamentally contains time and the common and distinguished expression is needed by media-mix circumstances. Therefore, by the application of gestalt grouping principle to moving picture field, movement becomes the more distinguished than other formative elements and affects the formation of meaning structure. This study propose a viewpoint that develops structural formative beauty and new image expression in the media image field.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.137-137
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• 2003

본 연구는 직업적 음성 사용자인 연극 배우의 음성 관리, 극중 인물 특징을 표현하기 위한 요소 중 음성이 차지하는 비중과 적합한 발성 및 발화 방법에 대하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구에는 대구광역시 소재 K극예술연구회의 연극 배우 9명이 참여하였다. 연극 배우의 음성 관리 및 극중 인물의 특성을 표현하기 위한 발성 및 발화 방법에 대한 설문지를 작성하여 조사하였다. 여러 가지 인물에 적합한 발성법으로 '산책' 문단을 발화하도록 한 뒤, 대상자들에게 각 인물에 대한 발성 방법을 설문지에 기록하도록 하였다. 대상자들이 발화한 음성 샘플을 음향학적, 지각적 측면에서 평가하여 대상자들이 기술한 발성 및 발화 방범과의 상관을 살펴보았다. 음성 샘플은 Windows용 Praat(4.1.7)으로 수집 및 분석하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.167-170
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 다양한 디지털 컨텐츠들 중에 디지털 비디오에 대한 워터마킹 방법을 제안하였다. 현재 비디오 압축 부호화의 기본 알고리즘으로 사용되는 DCT(discrete cosine transform)는 고압축을 수행할 경우 블록킹 현상이 심하게 나타나는 단점이 있다. 제안한 방법은 이러한 단점을 극복하고 점진적 전송 특성을 갖는 비디오를 위해 웨이브릿 변환 영역에서 SPIHT(set partitioning in hierarchical trees)를 이용한 비디오 부호화 과정에 워터마크를 삽입하였다. SPIHT 부호화 과정에서 비디오 신호의 시간 중복성을 이용한 I 프레임에 대한 이전 프레임의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 I 프레임에 워터마크를 삽입한다. 워터마크 삽입 시 HVS(human visual system)를 이용하여 움직임 벡터 분석에 의해 선택된 영역에서 지각적 중요 계수 (PSC :perceptual significant coefficient)를 선택하여 워터마크를 삽입한다. 실험 결과 시간 중복성과 HVS를 이용하여 I 프레임에 워터마크를 삽입하였기 때문에 비가시성과 강인성이 우수함을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.144-156
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• 2021

This study was conducted to explore important factors to consider when designing voice-based psychological counseling agents amid the increasing use of conversational agents in counseling and psychotherapy. 48 participants selected their preferred agent's voice among four types (young women and men, middle-aged women and men) and had a conversation with a psychological counseling agent. They also evaluated the reasons for voice selection, mood changes, perception of the agent's characteristics, and counseling outcomes. As a results, the agent's voice type selected according to the user's gender was not statistically significant. However, the qualitative analysis showed 'comfort' of the voice was an important factor. Next, the user's mood improved significantly after the conversation with the agent, which confirmed the intervention effect. Finally, it was found that expertness and attractiveness perceptions toward the agent contributed to the counseling outcomes. The implications of the study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 2018

Since Korean housewives are responsible for the dietary practices of family at home, it is important to know what information will make them to buy safe food. This study was designed to determine the role of perceived threats, behavioral assessments, and self-efficacy factors known to promote healthy behavior in health belief models (HBM) based on food safety awareness and behavior of housewives. This study involved 191 housewives, based on key variables such as perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and purchase behavior. The results showed that higher levels of education and urbanization increased the threat perception and the likelihood of buying safe food. The correlation analysis showed that increased awareness and knowledge of safe foods and interest in health contributed to higher relative benefit or self-efficiency of food, and thus, ensured food safety. The conceptual model of food safety behavior based on the HBM was verified via structural equation analysis. The findings suggest that a suitable model showcasing knowledge levels and relative benefits resulted in a greater impact on purchasing behavior than perceived threats. This study suggests that it is more effective for housewives to provide more preventive information than risk information to purchase safe food.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-23
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• 2023

Tablet PCs are gaining increasing popularity in today's context, offering convenience in store operations. However, some customers may have complaints. From the perspective of shadow labor, customers may perceive using tablet PCs as additional tasks, implying that tasks have been transferred from service staff to customers themselves. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the causes of customers' perception of shadow labor when using tablet PCs (perceived difficulty of use and perceived compulsion to use) and how these perceptions can influence their intention to reuse tablet PC ordering services. Additionally, the study examines whether customers' perception of shadow labor is influenced by digital literacy and information overload and investigates the positive impact of benefits arising from using tablet PCs on their perception of shadow labor. This research conducted an online survey through the Chinese survey specialist website "Wenjuanxing," targeting customers who use tablet PCs to place orders in restaurants. After collecting a total of 376 valid data points, demographic characteristics, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 24.0. The empirical results from the 376 respondents reveal that digital literacy and information overload affect the perception of shadow labor and also influence the intention to reuse tablet PC ordering services. Furthermore, benefits showed significant moderating effects on these relationships.