• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 1992

The spatial and temporal distribution of petroleum-degrading bacteria(PDB) was studied at six sampling sites in Kyeonggi Bay of the Yellow Sea fiom March 1990 to October 1991. In addition, petroleum-degrading potcntial of natural ~iiai-ineb acterial population was studied at different culturc contlitions. During the period o f stutly. thc heterotrophic bacterial number and PDB number were n1e;rsured in the range of 7 000-108.400 CFU/nil. 0-2.800 MPN1100 mi. respectively. The spatial tlistribution of PDB wa\ highly affected by presence of petroleum hydrocarbon. In laboratory cxperirncnt. petrolcu~n biodegradation wac enhanced hy addition of yeast cxtracl. cell free cxtr:~ct. anti rnixctl culture of PI)B.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 2015

Generalized linear mixed models are used to analyze longitudinal categorical data. Random effects specify the serial dependence of repeated outcomes in these models; however, the estimation of a random effects covariance matrix is challenging because of many parameters in the matrix and the estimated covariance matrix should satisfy positive definiteness. Several approaches to model the random effects covariance matrix are proposed to overcome these restrictions: modified Cholesky decomposition, moving average Cholesky decomposition, and partial autocorrelation approaches. We review several approaches and present potential future work.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2006

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to synthesize $^{99m}Tc$-labeled transferrin for injection imaging and to compare it with $^{67}Ga$-titrate for the detection of infectious foci. Materials and methods: Succinimidyl 6-hydrazino-nicotinate hydrochloride-chitosan-transferrin (Transferrin) was synthesized and radiolabeled with $^{99m}Tc$. Labeling efficiencies of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin were determined at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 8 hr. Biodistribution and imaging studies with $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin and $^{67}Ga$-citrate were performed in a rat abscess model induced with approximately $2{\times}10^8$ colony forming unit of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Results: Successful synthesis of Transferrin was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Labeling efficiency of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $96.2{\pm}0.7%,\;96.4{\pm}0.5%,\;96.6{\pm}1.0%,\;96.9{\pm}0.5%,\;97.0{\pm}0.7%\;and\;95.5{\pm}0.7%$ at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 8 hr, respectively. The injected dose per tissue gram of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $0.18{\pm}0.01\;and\;0.18{\pm}0.01$ in the lesion and $0.05{\pm}0.01\;and\;0.04{\pm}0.01$ in the normal muscle, and lesion-to-normal muscle uptake ratio was $3.7{\pm}0.6\;and\;4.7{\pm}0.4$ at 30 min and 3 hr, respectively. On image, lesion-to-background ratio of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $2.18{\pm}0.03,\;2.56{\pm}0.11,\;3.08{\pm}0.18,\;3.77{\pm}0.17,\;4.70{\pm}0.45\;and\;5.59{\pm}0.40$ at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 10 hr and those of $^{67}Ga$-citrate was $3.06{\pm}0.84,\;4.12{\pm}0.54\;and\;4.55{\pm}0.74 $ at 2 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr, respectively. Conclusion: Transferrin is successfully labeled with $^{99m}Tc$, and its labeling efficiency was higher than 95% and stable for 8 hours. $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin scintigraphy showed higher image quality in shorter time compared to $^{67}Ga$-citrate image. $^{99m}Tc$-transferrin is supposed to be useful in the detection of the infectious foci.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2015

Dragomiretskiy and Zosso (2014) developed a new decomposition method, termed variational mode decomposition (VMD), which is efficient for handling the tone detection and separation of signals. However, VMD may be inefficient in the presence of missing data since it is based on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. To overcome this problem, we propose a new approach based on a novel combination of VMD and hierarchical (or h)-likelihood method. The h-likelihood provides an effective imputation methodology for missing data when VMD decomposes the signal into several meaningful modes. A simulation study and real data analysis demonstrates that the proposed method can produce substantially effective results.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.382-386
• /
• 1997

In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the effects of steeping treatment on browning of onion hydrolysate. After steeping treatment with solvents, phenols content of methanol and ethanol were showed 25.1mg/ml and 24.9mg/ml. And absorbance of methanol and ethanol was showed 0.26 and 0.22. L and b value of treatment with methanol and ethanol were lower than other solvents. Browning reaction of onion hydrolysate was decreased with increasing concentration of ethanol. Treatment of above 80% ethanol was effective to remove phenols and was showed a low color intensity. Treatment with 80% ethanol was more effective than addition of cystein to remove phenols and to decrease browing degree.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 1999

The fuugus(Penicil1ium oralicum; HCLF-34) secreted the cyanobacteria lytic enzyme which had a molecular weight of about 22 kDa, a optimum temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, a optimum pH of 3.5, and a temperature-stable up to $50^{\circ}C$. The chemical ions such as sodium, potassium, barium, magnesium. and mangan ions appeared positive activity. but calcium, iron, copper ions, EDTA, and PMSF displayed negative activity: this results were the same as the characterilics of other cell wall lytic enzymes. This extracellular enzyme showed lytic aclivily against SDS-insoluble peptidoglycan of Anabaenrr cylinrlrica. The cell wall lylic enzyme of Penicilliurn oxalicum(HCLF-34) seemed to be glycosidase-like enzyme in the fact that ihe concentration of rcducing sugar was increased when the peptidoglycan of Anabaena qlinrlricn md Micrococcus luteus reacted with this enzyme

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.785-790
• /
• 1998

The experimental transportation of Rhynchocypris steindachneri was carried out to study the effects of lidocaine-hydrochloride on water parameters. The dissolved oxygen, ventilation rate, ammonia nitrogen, and pH of control group, sham control group, and lidocaine-hydrochloride treated groups of 2,5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm at time of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 240 min and 360 min after elapsed from treatment were tested. During the experiment time it was found that lidocaine-hydrochloride treated groups were most effective, followed by sham control and control, in decreasing the oxygen consumption and the excretion of ammonia by the fish. There were lidocaine-hydrochloride dose-related decrease in oxygen consumption and the excretion of ammonia. Decreasing in pH value of lidocaine-hydrochloride groups and sham control group was much more higher than that of control group. These results reveal lidocaine-hydrochloride is effective as sedative for transportation mixture in R. steindachneri.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• s.241
• /
• pp.38-51
• /
• 2010

6시 15분, 모 설비건설업체 김과장의 스마트폰 알람이 울렸다. 6시에 맞춰놓은 알람이 15분이나 늦게 울린 것이다. 침대에서 뒤척인 정도를 측정해 가장 얕은 잠을 자고있는 최적의 기상시간에 깨워주는 스마트폰 수면 앱을 켜놓고 잔 김과장. 어젯밤 뒤척이다 늦게 잠드는 바람에 스마트폰이 김과장의 최적수면상태를 체크하여 15분 지연된 뒤 깨워준 것이다. 김과장은 자리에서 일어나자마자 오전 중에 있을 공사현장 미팅을 생각해 냈다. 중요한 미팅이라 늦으면 큰일이다. 15분이나 늦게 일어나는 바람에 아침은 걸러야했다. 김과장은 간단히 씻고 난 후 실시간으로 버스 운행 정보를 알려주는 스마트폰 앱을 클릭한다. 5분 후면 버스가 집 앞 버스정류장에 도착한다. 이 버스를 놓치면 15분을 기다려야 한다. 급히 신발을 신고 버스 정류장으로 내달리는 김과장. "휴!"겨우 버스를 탔다. 이제 지하철을 한 번만 갈아타면 된다. 갈아탄 지하철 안에서 김과장은 이메일을 확인한다. 현장에서 자재를 발주해 달라는 이메일이 도착해 있다. 오후에는 자재 발주를 해야 한다. 그러나 오전의 현장미팅이 지연될 수 있으니 지금 발주하는게 좋겠다. 명함관리용 앱을 활용해 자재업체 담당자를 검색하여 전화를 건다. 좀 이른 시간인지 담당자가 전화를 받지 않는다. 김과장은 즉시 자재업체 담당자에게 물품 출고 요청 이메일을 보낸다. 물론 물품내역은 스마트폰 안에 저장된 파일을 통해서다. 모 설비건설업체 김과장의 아침 출근길 단면을 들여다보았다. 스마트폰을 이용해 출근길 버스 및 지하철 속에서도 이메일을 확인하고 물품 출고를 지시한다. 과거에는 사무실에서만 할 수 있었던 일들이 스마트폰이 보편화 되면서 언제 어디서든 움직이면서 업무처리가 가능하게 됐다. 이처럼 스마트폰이 모바일 인터넷 대중화 시대를 열고 있다. 올해 국내 시장에는 약 400만명이 넘는 스마트폰 사용자가 생겨날 것이며 앞으로 더욱 가속화될 전망이다. 스마트폰은 $\triangle$실시간 $\triangle$정보소통의 확장 $\triangle$공간극복 등의 특성을 바탕으로 개인과 기업, 더불어 사회를 변화시킬 전망이다. 통신 플랫폼 패러다임이 변화되고 있는 것이다. 거대한 물결처럼 밀려오는 이러한 변화에 기민하게 대처하지 못하면 개인이든 기업이든 낙오될 수밖에 없다. 건설산업 분야 역시 인터넷 등 통신망을 통해 사업홍보와 시장개척은 물론 각종 업무의 전산처리 등 그 활용 범위가 급증하고 있다. 이제 건설업계도 스마트폰 패러다임에서 비껴나갈 수는 없다. 본지는 스마트폰이 가져온 환경변화와 그 활용범위에 대해 살펴본다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.24 no.1 s.33
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 1991

The time honoured tuning fork at present widely available for examining vibration sensation is brought about the problem of great interobserver variation. To resolve t his problem, author developed a divice using electric magnet that stimulates constantly tuning fork. The perception time of vibration from tunung fork by this device was tested on the index finger of dominant hand of twenty eight subjects. It was 12.44 seconds on average and ranged from 9.47 to 17.25. Coefficient of variation of it was 16.89 percent. Correlation coefficient between test and retest after 30 minutes was 0.957(p<0.01). This device is portable. Test procedure in non-invasive, non-aversive and simple, can be performed within one minute, and does not require the skilled technician. It is felt that this device testing vibration perception time is suitable as screening tool for early detection of occupational peripheral neuropathy.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.57 no.5
• /
• pp.620-627
• /
• 2019

In this study, ignition delay characteristics of various bio aviation fuels (Bio-ADD, Bio-6308, Bio-7720) produced by HEFA process using different raw materials were compared and analyzed. In order to confirm the feasibility of applying bio aviation fuel to actual system, ignition delay characteristics of petroleum-based aviation fuel (Jet A-1) and blended aviation fuel (50:50, v:v) also analyzed. Ignition delay time of each aviation fuel was measured by using CRU, surface tension measurement and GC/MS and GC/FID analysis were performed to interpret the results. As a result, ignition delay time of Jet A-1 was the longest at all temperature because it contains aromatic compounds about 22.8%. The aromatic compounds can produce benzyl radical which is thermally stable and has low reactivity with oxygen during decomposition process. In the case of bio aviation fuels, ignition delay times were measured similarly because the ratio of n-paraffin/iso-paraffin constituting each aviation fuel is similar (about 0.12) and the composition ratio of cycloparaffin also has no difference. In addition, ignition delay times of blended aviation fuels (50:50, v:v) were measured close to the mean value those of each fuel so it was confirmed that it can be applied without any changing or improving of existing system.