• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.21-35
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• 2009

To propose a sound direction for river rehabilitation plan, the naturalness of the river must be evaluated. In this study, the conventional methods for evaluating the naturalness of rivers proposed by Park, et al. has been improved to estimate the weights for each items subject to assessment and applied adequate Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). To estimate the weights, survey was conducted on a group of 83 experts in Civil and Environmental Engineering with a customized questionnaire. The results of the survey were generalized and used to estimate the weights of each items. Among the 14 evaluation items that have been generated as a result of the estimation, a total of 7 weight values such as water quality, variations in water flow, vegetation around minor bed, curve of waterway, vegetation around flood plain, variety in minor bed width, and diversity of stream bed materials appeared to be high. The improved method for evaluating the naturalness of rivers was applied to Hoe-ya River, where the method has successfully discriminated the sections having low degree of naturalness. The proposed assessment method can be employed as a criterion to determine the business zones in the river environment maintenance projects.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2005

This study examined ecological grade of tidal flats at 59 sites along the west and east coast of Korea from January 1998 to December 2002. Assessment of ecological grade based on 7 headings includes biological and human geographical factors, such as species diversity and richness, utility value of species, possibility of damage and reservation conditions of coastline. Total of 181 species with 37 families of 14 orders were listed in this study. The highest scores (ecological grade I) showed at these five sites, Hagampo in Chungnam, Ui-do and Geomun-do in Jeonnam, Bijin-do and Maemul-do in Gyungnam. Half of thestudy sites belong to ecological grade II and 19 sites showed ecological grade III. Singyeong in Gyeonggi, Janghang in Chungnam, Gyehwado and Gomso in Jeonbuk, Dadepo in Busan were assessed as ecological grade IV. Grade V (the worst) was not found in this study.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.71-81
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• 2004

Recently the ecosystem has been seriously damaged by reckless development. The Ministry of Environment is now shifting its policy from one of "end-of-pipe" management and being regulation-centered to one striving to be preparatory and self-regulating. The nature conservation plan has been focused on protecting only the wildlife, so a systematic conservation of the nationwide ecosystem is inherently limited. To go beyond this limit, the strengthening of the link between the natural environmental conservation plan and the land use development plan is necessary. This study first diagnosed the "AS-IS" status of the natural environment conservation planning process and then envisioned a "TO-BE" image of the organic link between that plan and the land/metropolitan development plan. In conclusion, it was determined that the system of planning should be reformed and the focus of the planning should be shifted from source oriented planning to spatial environment planning. A biotope map should be drawn during this process and the examination criteria, methodology, and drawing standards are needed. The central government and self-governing bodies should have reasonable roles and responsibilities, and cooperate for more efficient conservation planning.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.107-127
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• 2010

This research is about the monitoring of people's consciousness on ecosystem change after coastal restoration project in Gangjin Bay. Tidal flat ecosystem of Ganjin Bay was major producing district of short-necked clam in Jeonnam Province. Owing to coastal restoration project (sand gathering and dredging) during 5 years, however, ecosystem was disturbed and harvesting of fish was decreased. Although a few of ark shell and oyster are harvested but drastically decreased. Even aging and depopulation is general situation like other rural regions, life pattern of villages and depopulation in Gangjin Bay was influenced by drastic decreasing of income. As the results of social monitoring, drastic decreasing of fish and shell in Gangjin Bay is significantly concerned with coastal restoration project (sand gathering and dredging) and also with difficulty of fresh-water inflow to coastal bay because of Jangheung Dam. In order to get the detail information on the cause and consequence of ecosystem change in tidal flat, it is necessary to apply the long-term socio-economic monitoring as well as biological and ecosystem monitoring.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.301-315
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of hydromorpological structures that affect landscape preference and visual characteristics on the sections of the designated streams where have dynamic ecological characteristics. We evaluated the ecological status of the streams utilizing LAWA to assess hydromorpological structures of streams. We also investigated preference and visual characteristics of stream landscapes through Semantic Differential Scale(SD scale). The differences of visual images according to the characteristics of hydromorpological structures in the sites were analyzed by descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, and t-test. As a result, this study showed that sections represented as "good" ecological status are shown to be harmonious, beautiful, natural, and clean comparing to sections represented as "poor" ecological status. The hydromorpological structures that have significant impacts on the visual characteristics are considered as riparian vegetation, cross-sectional shape, and the artificial structures. Results of this study can help guide the stream restoration of the damaged stream to improving ecological function and positive landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.50-64
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• 2009

The freshwater lakes located at the fringe of urban cities are a habitat for diverse organisms. However, they are facing severe danger of environment deterioration and water pollution caused by reckless development of the area. In this study, an ecological management plan was suggested to promote the biodiversity through appointing management area based on the research and analysis data of flora and fauna as well as maintain biodiversity and harmonize utilization of freshwater lakes such as Duryang Reservoir at Sacheon, Gyeongsangnam-do. Base on the data of ecological research and analysis, this study conducted research on biotope assessment, wild life habitat assessment and presence of protected species. As a result, the ecosystem conservation area including multi-layer structured natural forests, waterside and wetland that are home to various species and the edge area with high habitat diversity were recognized as highly preservable regions. Management areas were ecologically disturbed region, highly polluted commercial district and damaged waterside caused by fishing. Proactive management must be implemented through vegetation management such as vegetation transition and shrub planting as well as establishing pollutant management system. The deterioration of waterside and forest vegetation of freshwater lake has a direct influence on biodiversity and water quality. Therefore, the conservation area and development area should be totally separated from each other, and the development area must be restored and managed strictly.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2018

This study was performed to analyze the dynamics and distributional condition of biological community and to support the basic information about the estuarine ecosystem management by using the intensively surveyed results by each taxon experts around Tamjin river. We analyzed the biological diversity, abundance, correlation among species, and ecological characteristics about 11 taxa groups including vegetation, fish, birds, mammals, etc. in the Tamjin river estuarine ecosystem. We classified vegetation types into 7 physiognomic types and 18 communities according to habitat conditions with the physical environments and salinity. In total, 1125 species including 9 species of endangered species were identified in research area. The species composition and distributional characteristics of each taxon were corresponded to the environmental characteristics of the estuarine ecosystem. Especially, the species diversity and distribution were clearly distinguished in the river according to the difference of the environmental factors such as flow rate, salinity, and soil. Despite the disturbance factors such as barrage and levees, the biodiversity and its distribution were evaluated to be high level under the current environmental conditions. However, loss or reduction of wildlife habitat due to reclamation, embankment, barrage installation and expansion of farmland has been identified as a major threat to the diversity and health of the local ecosystem. The results of this study can be used as a basic data to cope with various development pressure and damage crisis of the whole estuaries including Tamjin river.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.110-126
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• 2024

This study conducted a classification of small-scale biological habitats created in Seoul to analyze and synthesize location characteristics, habitat structure, biological habitat functions, and threat factors of representative sites, as well as derive creation and management problems according to the ecological characteristics. The aim was to suggest improvement measures and management items. Data collected through a field survey was used to categorize 39 locations, and 8 representative sites were selected by dividing them into location, water system, and size as classification criteria for typification. Due to the characteristics of each type, the site was created in an area where amphibian movement was disadvantageous due to low or disconnected connectivity with the hinterland forest, and the water supply was unstable in securing a constant flow and maintaining a constant water depth. The habitat structure has a small area, an artificial habitat structure that is unfavorable for amphibians, having the possibility of sediment inflow, and damage to the revetment area. The biological habitat function is a lack of wetland plants and the distribution of naturalized grasses, and threats include the establishment of hiking trails and decks in the surrounding area. Artificial disturbances occur adjacent to facilities. When creating habitats according to the characteristics of each type, it was necessary to review the possibility of an artificial water supply and introduce a water system with a continuous flow in order to connect the hinterland forest for amphibian movement and locate it in a place where water supply is possible. The habitat structure should be as large as possible, or several small-scale habitats should be connected to create a natural waterfront structure. In addition, additional wetland plants should be introduced to provide shelter for amphibians, and facilities such as walking paths should be installed in areas other than migration routes to prevent artificial disturbances. After construction, the management plan is to maintain various water depths for amphibians to inhabit and spawn, stabilize slopes due to sediment inflow, repair damage to revetments, and remove organic matter deposits to secure natural grasses and open water. Artificial management should be minimized. This study proposed improvement measures to improve the function of biological habitats through the analysis of problems with previously applied techniques, and based on this, in the future, small-scale biological habitat spaces suitable for the urban environment can be created for local governments that want to create small-scale biological habitat spaces, including Seoul City. It is significant in that it can provide management plans.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Rapid industrialization and economic growth have led to serious problems including reduced open space, environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl. These problems have been exacerbated by the absence of effective conservation and governance, and have resulted in various social conflicts. In response to these challenges, many scholar and government hope to achieve sustainable development through the establishment and management of environment-friendly planning. For this purpose, we would like to analyze functional change for ecosystem by future land-use/cover changes in South Korea. Toward this goal, we predicted land-use/cover changes from 2010 to 2060 using the future population of Statistics Korea and urban growth probability map created by logistic regression analysis and analyzed ecosystem service value using costanza's coefficient. In the case of scenario 1, ecosystem service value represented 6,783~7,092 million USD. In the case of scenario 2, ecosystem represented 6,775~7,089 million USD, 2.9~7.6 million USD decreased compared by scenario 1. This was the result of area reduction for farmland and wetland which have high environmental value relatively according to urban growth by development point of view. The results of this analysis indicate that environmentally sustainable systems and urban development must be applied to achieve sustainable development and environmental protection. Quantitative analysis of environmental values in accordance with environmental policy can help inform the decisions of policy makers and urban developers. Furthermore, forecasting urban growth based on future demand will provide more precise predictive analysis.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.593-602
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• 2011

The estuarine area of the ecological environment had been seriously damaged by reckless developments during the past half century. The demand for management in estuarine area increased but the efficient management system did not exist. Therefore the aim of this study is to develop a GIS-based integrated DB management system by integrating the ecological environmental data of each division in estuarine area. To achieve this, the system used integrated DB. It is classified into a surveyed monitoring DB in 2010 at estuarine area of Yeongsan and GIS DB to express the spatial data. The integrated DB management system was developed using VisualBasic.NET languages and Arcobjects component for Map-based spatial analysis. Also, to improve the utilization of data, the composition of GUI(Graphical User Interface) through user needs analysis, the expression of monitoring DB, the priority of layer and the function for modular unit were defined. Ultimately the system was developed based on the defined items. GIS-based integrated DB management system can support to understand the ecological environment in estuarine area of Yeongsan river. Also it will provide the users with effective sharing and environmental management of the data. In the future study, comprehensive diagnosis for ecological environment in estuarine area and the reliable prediction need to be made by connecting modeling system.