• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.373-380
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• 2016

Even though Likert type data is ordinal scale, many researchers who regard Likert type data as interval scale adapt as parametric methods. In this research, simulations have been used to find out a proper analysis of Likert type data. The locations and response distributions of five point Likert type data samples having diverse distribution have been evaluated. In estimating samples' locations, we considered parametric method and non-parametric method, which are t-test and Mann-Whitney test respectively. In addition, to test response distribution, we employed Chi-squared test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In this study, we assessed the performance of the four aforementioned methods by comparing Type I error ratio and statistical power.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.572-583
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• 2007

This paper investigates Centering-based metrics to evaluate ordering of utterances for text structuring. We point out a problem of MIN.NOCB metric which has been regarded as the simplest and best measure to evaluate coherence of ordering within Centering framework, and propose a new Centering-based metric, MAX.CPS as an alternative or supplementary one. This paper introduces a framework which pre-estimates the effectiveness of a metric on a given input ordering, and selects an applicable metric according to the pre-estimation result. Using this framework, we propose a new policy which can generate more optimal ordering within Centering framework. Moreover, we evaluate several kinds of Cf-ranking methods in terms of Centering-based metrics, and find that simply ranking entities by their linear order is generally the most suitable because of characteristics in Korean.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.273-282
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• 2003

The problem of estimating the parameters of k-population Weibull distributions is discussed under the prior of ordered scale parameters. Parameters are estimated by the Gibbs sampling method. Since the conditional posterior distribution of the shape parameter in the Gibbs sampler is not log-concave, the shape parameter is generated by the adaptive rejection sampling. Finally, we applied this estimation methodology to the data discussed in Nelson (1970).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 2013

In this paper, Cohen's kappa and weighted kappa are applied to measuring classification accuracy when performing classification in data minig. Cohen's kappa compensates for classifications that may be due to chance and is used for the data with nominal or ordinal scales. Especially, for the ordinal data, weighted kappa which measures the classification accuracy by quantifying the classification errors as weights is used. We used two weights (linear weight, quadratic weight) for calculations of weighted kappa. Also for the calculation and comparison of kappa and weighted kappa we used a real data set, fat-liver data.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.53-53
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• 1999

제품에 대한 수요의 다양화에 대응하기 위해서, 다품종소량생산방식이 정착하고 있다. 다품종소량생산을 효율적으로 실현하는 현대의 전형적인 자동화생산시스템으로서, 유연생산시스템(Flexible Manufacturing System : 이하 FMS)이 급속히 보급되어, FMS의 효율적인 운영이 생산현장에 있어서 중요한 과제가 되고 있다. 다수의 품종이 동시에 병행해서 반복적으로 생산되는 실제의 FMS에서는, 품종의 생산에 필요한 일련의 작업의 종류에 대한 우선순서인 "투입우선순서(Dispatching Priority)"를 설정해서, 그것을 기반으로 시스템이 운영되는 것이 보통이다.본 연구에서는 투입우선순서로 제어되는 동일한 품종의 반복이 있는 FMS를 염두에 두고, 생산요건이 확정적인 상태에서 주어진 평가척도를 최적화하는 투입우선순서를 결정하는 문제로써, FMS의 투입우선순서 결정문제 (FMS dispatching priority problem)를 제기하여, 시뮬레이션을 통해서 그 해법을 논한다. 실재하는 많은 FMS에 있어서 투입우선순서를 단기간에 용이하게 정할 수 있는 우선규칙(dispatching rule)이 실용적으로 넓게 이용되고 있다. 종래로부터, ？샵(job shop)을 대상으로 하는 다수의 우선규칙이 제안, 평가되어 왔지만, 그것들은 각 품종이 서로 다른 종류의 일감인 것을 상정하고 있으며, 동일한 품종의 일감의 존재를 의식하고 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 재래형의 ？샵 환경에 있어서 그 유효성이 검증되어 있는 기존의 표준적인 우선규칙의 성능이, 동일한 품종의 반복이 있는 경우에도 잘 기능하는지 어떤지를 시뮬레이션을 통해 평가한 후에, 오더사이즈(order size)를 고려한 우선규칙을 제안하고, 납기지체의 평가척도에 관한 유효성을 명확히 하고 있다. 시뮬레이션 실험의 결과에서는, 우선규칙의 기본적인 결정요인이 성능에 미치는 영향을 통계적으로 분석하고 있다.로 분석하고 있다.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.136-143
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• 2000

1. Purpose of study : In Oriental Traditional medicine, especially in Sasang Constitutional Medicine the mind and the body are not separated. Psychological characteristics are very important as well as physical characteristics in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. This study was performed to investigate the psychological characteristics of Sasang Constitution. 2. Subjects and Methode of Study : Subjects were 63 persons. There were male 54 and female 9 who were healthy. There were Taeumin 35, Soumin 17, and Soyangin 11. We judged Sasang Constitution in QSCC II and the diagnosis by a medical specialist. The degree of depression and anxiety was determined by Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI) and State-Trait Axiety Inventroy(STAI, State Anxiety : S-A, Trait Anxiety : T-A). We studied the psychological characteristics - Depression and Anxiety - in the Sasang Constitution by analyzing BDI and STAI scores. 3. Result of study : 1) The score of STAI(S-A) in Soeumin(少陰人) group was significantly higher than that in Taeumin(太陰人) group. 2) The score of STAI(T-A) in Soeumin(少陰人) group was significantly higher than that in Taeumin(太陰人) group and Soyangin(少陽人) group. 3) The score of BDI in Soeumin(少陰人) group was higher than that in Taeumin(太陰人) group and Soyangin(少陽人) group, but it was not significant statistically. 4. Conclusion of study These result suggest that Soeumin(少陰人) is more anxious than Soyangin(少陽人) and Taeumin(太陰人).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.259-260
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• 2016

어린이의 경우 다른 연령층에 비해 신체적, 정신적으로 완성되지 못하여 교통사고의 가능성이 높으며, 특히 전국의 어린이 교통사고는 점진적으로 감소 추세이나 인천의 어린이 교통사고는 감소하다가 다시 증가 추세에 들어선 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 어린이 교통사고 심각도에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인들을 발견하고 제시하고자 하였다. 순서형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하여 순서척도인 반응변수에 대한 설명변수의 오즈(Odds)를 확인하고자 하였으며 안전운전불이행, 차대사람(횡단중), 차대차(측면직각충돌)사고가 유의한 결과로 나타났다. 안전운전불이행으로 인한 사망사고와 기타사고의 오즈차이는 1.35배, 측면직각충돌로 인한 사망사고와 기타사고의 오즈차이는 1.76배 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 횡단중인 경우에는 오히려 사망 위험도의 오즈값이 0.58배로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.43-51
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• 2006

This paper proposes a metrics for example matching under the example-based machine translation for English-Korean machine translation. Our metrics served as similarity measure is based on edit-distance algorithm, and it is employed to retrieve the most similar example sentences to a given query. Basically it makes use of simple information such as lemma and part-of-speech information of typographically mismatched words. Edit-distance algorithm cannot fully reflect the context of matched word units. In other words, only if matched word units are ordered, it is considered that the contribution of full matching context to similarity is identical to that of partial matching context for the sequence of words in which mismatching word units are intervened. To overcome this drawback, we propose the context-weighting scheme that uses the contiguity information of matched word units to catch the full context. To change the edit-distance metrics representing dissimilarity to similarity metrics, to apply this context-weighted metrics to the example matching problem and also to rank by similarity, we normalize it. In addition, we generalize previous methods using some linguistic information to one representative system. In order to verify the correctness of the proposed context-weighted metrics, we carry out the experiment to compare it with generalized previous methods.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.481-494
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• 2008

In this paper we propose Fourier magnitudes based privacy preserving clustering on time-series data. The previous privacy-preserving method, called DFT coefficient method, has a critical problem in privacy-preservation itself since the original time-series data may be reconstructed from privacy-preserved data. In contrast, the proposed DFT magnitude method has an excellent characteristic that reconstructing the original data is almost impossible since it uses only DFT magnitudes except DFT phases. In this paper, we first explain why the reconstruction is easy in the DFT coefficient method, and why it is difficult in the DFT magnitude method. We then propose a notion of distance-order preservation which can be used both in estimating clustering accuracy and in selecting DFT magnitudes. Degree of distance-order preservation means how many time-series preserve their relative distance orders before and after privacy-preserving. Using this degree of distance-order preservation we present greedy strategies for selecting magnitudes in the DFT magnitude method. That is, those greedy strategies select DFT magnitudes to maximize the degree of distance-order preservation, and eventually we can achieve the relatively high clustering accuracy in the DFT magnitude method. Finally, we empirically show that the degree of distance-order preservation is an excellent measure that well reflects the clustering accuracy. In addition, experimental results show that our greedy strategies of the DFT magnitude method are comparable with the DFT coefficient method in the clustering accuracy. These results indicate that, compared with the DFT coefficient method, our DFT magnitude method provides the excellent degree of privacy-preservation as well as the comparable clustering accuracy.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.910-920
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• 2001

We developed a SIFC(Slice-based Information Flow Graph) For modeling the information flow on program on the basis of the information flow of a data tokens on program slices. Then we defined a SCM(Slice-based Complexity Measure) for measuring the program complexity by measuring the complexity of information flow on SIFG, We showed that, according to Zuse's approach, it assumed ordinal scale based on atomic modifications on SIFG and that it was additive to binary operation MBSEQ and that it was not additive to binary operation MBALT but satisfied Weyuker's 9th axiom. Also based on comparison with the existing measures, we showed that SCM could measure not only the control and data flow in program but also the physical size of program.