• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2010

In this study, experimental test and numerical analysis were conducted to investigate the heat transfer characteristics and fiber performance of high strength concrete. The fire characteristics of the high strength concrete that couldn't be obtained through the test due to specific requirements and restrictions were forecast using numerical analysis approach. The outcome from the numerical analysis and the test were compared to verify and improve the reliability of the analysis. A numerical analysis of 80 and 100 MPa high strength concrete cases were carried out to identify the heat transfer characteristics and fire behavior using software, ABACUS (V6.8) From the results of verification experiment, a 25~55% level of beam shrinkage reduction was observed compared to the concrete without Fiber-Cocktail, indicating the improved fire resistance performance, which appeared to be attributable to the function of Fiber-Cocktail that was able to control the heat transfer characteristics and ultimately result in enhancing the fire resistance performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.641-647
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• 2017

In order to meet the stricter emission regulations, the proportion of after-treatments for vehicles and vessels has been increasing gradually. The objective of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties according to ash cleaning agents of CDPF for Diesel Engines. Penetrating agents with strong penetration into ash and a surfactant component to mix water and oil were prepared properly. The cleaning characteristics of S1 sample were good. Washcoat loss rate of S1 sample was lower by about 2.2% because of less KOH component and lower Na2SiO3 content. Washcoat loss rate of S4 sample with an added KOH and Na2SiO3 components by penetration agents was increased by about 13%. In terms of less than about 13% of CDPF's washcoat loss rate, it was able to reduce the harmful gas components.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the potential for reducing the environmental load and $CO_2$ gas when cement is produced by using cement substitutes. These substitutes consisted of blast furnace slag, red mud and silica fume, which were industrial by-products. The most optimum mix was derived when alkali accelerator was added to low carbon inorganic composite mixed with industrial by-product at room temperature. It is determined that hardened properties and the results of compressive strength tests changed based on CaO content, Si/Al, the mixing ratio and the amount of alkali accelerator, curing conditions and W/B. The results of test analysis suggest that the optimum mix of low carbon inorganic composite is CaO content 30%, Si/Al 4, the mixed ratio of alkali accelerator $(NaOH:Na_2SiO_3)$ 50g:50g, the amount of alkali accelerator 100g and W/B 31%. In addition, if contraction is complemented, low carbon inorganic composite with superior performance could be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2009

This study has shown the tendency to enhance Sand Flux, a device of separating screening the foreign matter, for the recycling of construction waste possible to improve the quality of wet type production system meaningfully as part of research. As a result of experiment on the basic material properties, this study had a tendency to improve the quality and performance significantly in case of absolute surface dried density, 0.08mm sieve throughput, volume of clay lumps, and content of organic foreign matter. In addition, as a result of examining the quality characteristics of mortar, this study has shown the tendency that the flow and compressive strength more increased than the mortar using RS-II by utilizing RS-VI recycled sand produced finally through the device Sand Flux. As for the shrinkage properties, this study has shown the character the generation rate of crack of mortar using RS-IV recycled sand produced finally through the device Sand Flux.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.366-371
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate blood pressure and blood constituents in middle-aged men obesity. All the measurements were taken from 1524(obese 453, control 1071) man's subjects. The body mass index BMI in obese group and control was 26.6$\pm$1.4kg/$m^2$ and 22.2$\pm$1.9kg/$m^2$ respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in obese group were significantly higher than control(p<0.001). The concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index in obese group were 202.1$\pm$34.7mg/dl, 210.0$\pm$121.8mg/dl, 43.4$\pm$10.3mg/dl, 116.7$\pm$33.5mg/dl, 3.8$\pm$1.2, respectively. There was significance in the relation between cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and BMI. The frequency of dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) in obese group was significantly more than control(p<0.001).

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.219-226
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• 1990

Enalapril maleate tablets of two different producers were tested for bioequivalence. Enalapril is rapidly metabolized to an active metabolite, enalaprilat which inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The pharmacokinetics of enalapril maleate and the time course of inhibition of plasma ACE activity after administration of the drugs were studied. Two single doses of 10mg each of enalapril maleate were administered orally to twelve male volunteers in a balanced, randomized, two-way crossover investigation. Plasma enalaprilat concentrations were determined over a 23-hour after the dose by enzyme inhibition assay and enalapril by the same method following in vitro hydrolysis. Urinary recoveries of enalapril and enalaprilat were determined for the calculation of renal clearance. Plasma ACE activity was determined by an enzyme assay. Peak plasma levels of enalapril were observed about 1 hour after the doses, and practically all enalapril had disappeared from plasma within 6 hour. Peak enalapril concentrations of both formulations were almost identical ($Vasotec^{\circledR}$, 61.38 ng/ml; $Beartec^{\circledR}$, 64.27 ng/ml). The values of the pharmacokinetic parameters of enalaprilat computed for $Vasotec^{\circledR}$ and $Beartec^{\circledR}$ tablets are presented in that order; area under the curve=330.63:320.96 $ng{\cdot}hr/ml$; peak concentration=38.63:39.43 ng/ml; time to peak=3.83:4.08 hour; elimination half-life=3.95:3.92 hours. No statistically significant difference was detected when area under the curve and all other parameters were compared. Using criteria of 95% confidence interval for the comparison of these parameters, only the upper limits of area under the curve and time to peak of enalapril were over 120%. All the parameters of enalaprilat were acceptable. Percent inhibition of plasma ACE to plasma enalaprilat concentration showed the sigmoid concentration-inhibition relationship. Time courses of plasma ACE inhibition after the administration of both formulations were quite similar. The formulations were found to be equivalent when compared on the premise that no significant difference was detected when pharmacokientic parameters and inhibition of ACE activity were compared, based on the confidence limits analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1528-1533
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• 2002

Purpose : Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium(INVM) is one of the unclassified cardiomyopathies that is characterized by numerous, excessively prominent trabeculations, and deep intertrabecular recesses. We performed this study to evaluate the clinical features of INVM in children. Methods : The medical records of 10 patients with INVM were reviewed. We analyzed the clinical manifestations, hemodynamics, pattern of inheritance, and long-term prognosis of INVM in children. Results : Age at diagnosis was $45{\pm}53months$(1 day-14 years) with follow-up lasting as long as 78 months. Most INVM was asymptomatic on diagnosis. Associated cardiac anomalies were noted in six patients(ventricualr or atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus with mitral valve prolapse, or mitral valve cleft). Depressed or flat changes of T wave in lead II, III and aVF were observed on electrocardiography. Various arrhythmia including WPW syndrome with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, third-degree atrioventricular block, and familial sick sinus node dysfuction were observed. The degree of trabeculation in INVM was significantly prominent from level of mitral valve to apex compared to age-matched control. Familial recurrences were noted in two patients. The systolic function of the left ventricle was decreased in 20% of patients during the follow-up period, but systemic embolism or ventricular tachycardia was not observed. Conclusion : INVM is not a rare disorder. The cardiac function may be deteriorated in children as well as adults during long-term follow up. Thus early diagnosis and long-term follow-up must be done. So, the nation-wide multicenter clinical study would be mandatory to evaluate the incidence, long-term prognosis, and establishment of objective diagnostic criteria of INVM.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2002

Studies were carried out to observe the influence of the Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root on blood pressure and blood constituents of the 24 hypertensive elderly(10 men and 14 women aged over 60). Total subjects were divided into three groups according to taking antihypertensive medications(A), antihypertensive medications and mixing beverages with the Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root(B) or mixing beverages with Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root(C). The systolic blood pressure of C group was significantly lower than that of A and B groups. The diastolic blood pressure of C group was lower than A and B groups. The blood glucose level of C group was a little lower than that of A and B groups. The level of TG increased more in A group than C group and decreased in B group. The levels of T-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol lowered in B and C groups and HDL-cholesterol level was higher in C group. The GOT, GPT and T-bilirubin levels of C group were significantly higher than others. Mixing beverages with Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root did not affect on blood protein and non-protein nitrogens. In conclusion, mixing beverages with Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root had an effect on lowering blood pressure, blood glucose, T-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.307-317
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• 2002

In this paper we propose a new mesh reconstruction scheme that produces a displaced subdivision surface directly from unorganized points. The displaced subdivision surface is a new mesh representation that defines a detailed mesh with a displacement map over a smooth domain surface, but original displaced subdivision surface algorithm needs an explicit polygonal mesh since it is not a mesh reconstruction algorithm but a mesh conversion (remeshing) algorithm. The main idea of our approach is that we sample surface detail from unorganized points without any topological information. For this, we predict a virtual triangular face from unorganized points for each sampling ray from a parameteric domain surface. Direct displaced subdivision surface reconstruction from unorganized points has much importance since the output of this algorithm has several important properties: It has compact mesh representation since most vertices can be represented by only a scalar value. Underlying structure of it is piecewise regular so it ran be easily transformed into a multiresolution mesh. Smoothness after mesh deformation is automatically preserved. We avoid time-consuming global energy optimization by employing the input data dependant mesh smoothing, so we can get a good quality displaced subdivision surface quickly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1035-1042
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sodium intake on serum lipids and glucose. 20 young adult women were fed the diets containing 290.5 mEq (high-Na diet) and 51.3 mEq (low-Na diets) Na for 6 days, respectively. Serum lipids, glucose, and other parameters after high-Na diet and low-Na diet were compared. The results would be summarized as follows. The mean age, body weight, height, and blood pressure of the subjects were 22.9$\pm$2.5 years,54.7+6.6 kg, 160.0$\pm$4.8 cm, 110.3$\pm$7.7/67.5$\pm$19.7 mmHg, respectively. Body weight, BMI, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher at the end of high-Na diet than of low-Na diet (p<0.001 p<0.001, p<0.05). However, there were not significantly different in height and systolic blood pressure between high- and low-Na diet. Serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were not significantly different with Na intakes. Serum triglyceride was significantly higher at the end of high-Na diet than of low- Na diet (p<0.05) Serum apo A-I was significantly decreased in low-Na diet, while apo B was increased (p<0.001, p<0.001). Thrombin time and prothrombin time, blood aggregation time were significantly faster following low-Na diet (p<0.001, p<0.05). There was not significantly different in serum glucose between high- and low-Na diet. However, serum insulin was significantly higher following low-Na diet (p<0.01). It is concluded that diastolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride, serum apo A-I, blood aggregation time were decreased in low-Na diet, while serum apo B and serum insulin were increased. These results suggest that Na-restricted diet affects not only blood Pressure but other biochemical parameters in blood. Therefore, for the patients who need restricted Na diet, it would be suggested that various biochemical changes should be carefully considered along with dietary Na manipulation.