• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 2006

KIER has been developing a Ru-based preferential oxidation catalysts and a novel fuel processing system to provide hydrogen rich gas to residential PEMFCs system. The catalytic activity of Ru-based catalysts was investigated at different Ru loading amount and different support structure. The obtained result indicated that 2 wt% loaded Ru-based catalyst supported on ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ showed high activity in low temperature range and suppressed the methanation reaction. The developed prototype fuel processor showed thermal efficiency of 78% as a HHV basis with methane conversion of 92%. CO concentration below 10 ppm in the produced gas is achieved with separate preferential oxidation unit under the condition of $[O_2]/[CO]=2.0$. The partial load operation have been carried out to test the performance of fuel processor from 40% to 80% load, showing stable methane conversion and CO concentration below 10 ppm. The durability test for the daily start-stop and 8 h operation procedure is under investigation and shows no deterioration of its performance after 50 start-stop cycles. In addition to the system design and development.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.468-473
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 접촉식 가수열분해 반응을 이용하여 원유를 감압증류한 후 생산되는 고점도의 감압잔사유(VR)의 개질반응을 실시하였다. 감압잔사유는 30 bar, $300^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 24 h 동안 수증기(steam)와 반응하면, 구성성분 중에서 레진류와 아스팔텐류가 감소하고, 포화탄화수소류(saturates)나 방향족탄화수소류(aromatics)가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이때 스팀 양이 적은 경우에는 가수열분해 반응 후 아스팔텐 함량이 증가되는 역반응 효과도 관측되었다. 수소공여제인 데칼린을 사용하며 메탈옥사이드-제올라이트계 촉매를 사용하는 접촉식 가수열분해 반응 결과 레진과 아스팔텐류가 10% 정도 줄고 방향족 탄화수소류가 10% 증가하면서 점도 감소효과도 70% 정도로 우수하였다. GC-Mass spectroscopy를 이용하여 촉매 사용 시 가수열분해 반응 결과 분자량이 적은 물질로의 분해효과가 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.402-408
• /
• 2015

In D-T fusion reaction, $D_2$ (duterium) and $T_2$(tritium) are used as fuel gas. The exhaust gas of nuclear fusion includes hydrogen isotopes $Q_2$ (Q means H, D or T), tritiated components ($CQ_4$ and $Q_2O$), CO, $CO_2$, etc. All of hydrogen isotopes should be recovered before released to the atmosphere. This study focused on the recovery of hydrogen isotopes from $CQ_4$ and $Q_2O$. Two kinds of experiments were conducted to investigate the catalytic reaction characteristics of SMR (Steam Methane Reforming) and WGS (Water Gas Shift) reactions using Pt catalyst. First test was performed to convert $CH_4$ into $H_2$ using 6% $CH_4$, 6% CO/Ar feed gas. In the other test, 100% CO gas was used to convert $H_2O$ into $H_2$ at various reaction conditions (reaction temperature, S/C ratio, GHSV). As a result of the first test, $CH_4$ and CO conversion were 41.6%, 57.8% respectively at $600^{\circ}C$, S/C ratio 3, GHSV $2000hr^{-1}$. And CO conversion was 72% at $400^{\circ}C$, S/C ratio 0.95, GHSV $333hr^{-1}$ in the second test.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.601-607
• /
• 2023

Pyrolysis oil (C5-C20) produced using plastic non-oxidative pyrolysis technology produces naphtha oil (C5-C10) through a separation process, and naphtha oil produces hydrogen through a reforming reaction to secure economic efficiency and social and environmental benefits. In this study, waste plastic pyrolysis oil was subjected to a steam reforming reaction on a commercialized catalyst of 46-3Q And it was found that the 46-3Q catalyst reformed the pyrolysis oil to produce hydrogen. Therefore, an experiment was performed to increase hydrogen yield and minimize the byproduct of ethylene. The reaction experiment was performed using actual waste plastic oil (C8-C11) with temperature, steam/carbon ratio (S/C) ratio, and space velocity as variables. We studied reaction conditions that can maximize hydrogen yield and minimize ethylene byproducts.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.48-53
• /
• 2006

본 논문에서는 plasmatron을 사용하여 프로판의 개질에 의해 SynGas 생산의 최적의 조건을 연구하였다. 플라즈마는 공기와 아크 방전에 의해 생성되며 합성 가스의 상관 관계뿐만 아니라 수증기, $CO_2$ 또는 반응기에 촉매를 추가하여 프로판 전환에 미치는 영향과 수소의 수율, $H_2/CO$ 비에 대해 연구하였다. $O_2/C_3H_8$ 유량비, $H_2O/C_3H_8$ 유량비와 $CO_2/C_3H_8$ 유량비를 각각 $0.94{\sim}1.48,\;4.3{\sim}10$과 $0.8{\sim}3.05$로 변화하였을 때, $H_2O/C_3H_8$ 유량비의 변화 결과가 최대 $28.2{\sim}31.6%$의 $H_2$ 농도를 나타냈으며, 촉매를 추가하고 $H_2O/C_3H_8$ 유량비의 변화결과 $6.6{\sim}7.1%$의 최소 CO 농도를 나타냈다. 그리고 $H_2/CO$ 비는 $3.89{\sim}4.86$을 나타냈다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.213-218
• /
• 2012

Steam reforming of methane (SRM) is the primary method to produce hydrogen. Commercial Ni-based catalysts have been optimized for SRM with excess steam ($H_2O/CH_4$ > 2.5) at high temperatures (> $700^{\circ}C$). However, commercial catalysts are not suitable under severe conditions such as stoichiometric steam over methane ratio ($H_2O/CH_4$ = 1.0) and low temperature ($600^{\circ}C$). In this study, 15wt.% Ni catalysts supported on $Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ were prepared at various calcination temperatures for SRM at a very high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of $621,704h^{-1}$. The calcination temperature was systematically varied to optimize 15wt.% $Ni-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalyst at a $H_2O/CH_4$ ratio of 1.0 and at $600^{\circ}C$. 15wt.% $Ni-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalyst calcined at $500^{\circ}C$ exhibited the highest $CH_4$ conversion as well as stability with time on stream. Also, 15wt.% $Ni-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalyst calcined at $500^{\circ}C$ showed the highest $H_2$ yield (58%) and CO yield (21%) among the catalysts. This is due to complex NiO species, which have relatively strong metal to support interaction (SMSI).

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.201-207
• /
• 2021

Ni-Cr-Al metal-foam-supported catalysts for steam methane reforming (SMR) are manufactured by applying a catalytic Ni/Al₂O₃ sol-gel coating to powder alloyed metallic foam. The structure, microstructure, mechanical stability, and hydrogen yield efficiency of the obtained catalysts are evaluated. The structural and microstructural characteristics show that the catalyst is well coated on the open-pore Ni-Cr-Al foam without cracks or spallation. The measured compressive yield strengths are 2-3 MPa at room temperature and 1.5-2.2 MPa at 750℃ regardless of sample size. The specimens exhibit a weight loss of up to 9-10% at elevated temperature owing to the spallation of the Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst. However, the metal-foam-supported catalyst appears to have higher mechanical stability than ceramic pellet catalysts. In SMR simulations tests, a methane conversion ratio of up to 96% is obtained with a high hydrogen yield efficiency of 82%.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 핵융합 배가스 중 삼중수소가 포함된 화합물인 메탄($CQ_4$) 및 물($Q_2O$)로부터 수소동위원소를 회수하기 위한 공정에 관한 것이다(Q는 수소, 중수소, 삼중수소). 수증기-메탄 개질반응과 수성가스 전환반응을 이용하여 $CQ_4$와 $Q_2O$를 $Q_2$로 변환시키고, 후속하는 팔라듐 분리막으로 생성된 $Q_2$를 회수한다. 본 연구에서는 $CQ_4$ 및 $Q_2O$ 중 하나의 물질인 $CH_4$ 및 $H_2O$로부터 수소 회수를 위해 촉매반응기, 팔라듐 분리막, 순환펌프로 구성된 순환루프를 적용하였다. 촉매반응온도 및 순환유량을 변화시켜가며 $CH_4$ 및 $H_2O$의 전환율을 측정하였다. $CH_4$ 중 수소 회수는 촉매반응온도 $650^{\circ}C$, 순환유량 2.0 L/min 조건에서 99% 이상의 $CH_4$ 전환율을확인하였고, $H_2O$ 중수소 회수는촉매반응온도 $375^{\circ}C$, 순환유량 1.8 L/min 조건에서 96% 이상의 $H_2O$ 전환율을 확인하였다. 이와 더불어, 향후 핵융합 실증로(K-DEMO)에서의 $CQ_4$ 발생량을 예측하고, 이에 대한 처리공정을 제안하였으며, HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) 분석을 실시하여 공정의 위험요소와 운전상의 문제점을 도출하고 해결방안을 제시하였다.