• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.176-184
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• 2012

People are exposed to various media. After the Digital Revolution, quantitative expansion of the media is at a rapid pace. Because of the expansion of the media, advertising needs efforts that induce the audiences' reaction. Rhetorical devices are used as the efforts. This study noted the visual paradox of rhetorical devices because it is an effective representation device that induced audiences' reaction by deliberate contradiction and ambiguity. This study has defined the visual paradox based on define and classification of paradox in logic. This study also tried to reveal the relationship between images and text for signification by metalanguage because it is important to the visual paradox in advertising. And analyzed cases of Volkswagen ads to prove the research process. Finally identified that images and text interact to create a new meaning.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.71
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• pp.250-273
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• 2015

The phenomenology of communication represents a starting point in the union of consciousness and experience, analogue and digit, expression and perception, person and lived-world, rhetoric and ethic, constitute human communication. A phenomenological definition of communication requires that analysis proceed through a phenomenological description, reduction, interpretation. This analysis thus far has taken up the general issue of fact versus value, consisting in a subdivision into intention and punctuation on the factual side, and convention and legitimation on the value side. It has treated of the relationships among intention and metaphysics, punctuation and epistemology, convention and logic, and legitimation and axiology.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.9
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• pp.266-282
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• 2005

Cartoon & Animated cartoon is consists of imaginal attributes and linguistic attributes, and it is closely connected with humor and satirical contents. And then various expressions using animals as matter communicate satirical attributes of a satire strongly and easily. On this article, techniques of satirical expression using animals in Cartoon & Animated cartoon media are studied and analyzed. By the method, it looks around briefly beginning from primitive cave paintings of the prehistoric age to various contemporary Cartoon & Animated cartoon character industries as historical background of Cartoon & Animated cartoon, and also arranges various types that literary expression and representation for visual expression techniques - metaphorical expressions, emblematic expressions, figure of speech and so forth - on literature. This attempt aims for presenting a basic analysis method that connecting and combining Cartoon & Animated cartoon media with humanistic classification and making database of existing data. These accumulated data will indicate cartoon and the action of meaning.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.433-442
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• 2003

The concept of pun was basically used to get rhetorical effect in verbal usage and it can be easily applicable to visual communication design. By substituting symbolic images for words of verbal expression, we can draw out some effective communication methods in forms of pun. For years, visual puns have been useful concept to convey a visual message from ancient hieroglyphics to modern arts and design. There are essentially three categories of visual puns. Literal pun upholds the primary meanings of the message literally by picking up a key symbol to create two or more meanings, meanwhile suggestive pun is created when one symbol is used as a key symbol or two or more symbols are combined to created one key symbol that can suggest and strengthen meanings. Comparative pun can be defined two or more symbols of nearly the same appearance are combined or juxtaposed two or more times to enhance overall statement. The concept of visual pun used for traditional area can also be effective ways of new media communication. Thus it is natural to see the concept of visual puns in website. How to handle the images in website is the most critical point for differentiation. But recently, web site designers just seem to focus on somewhat functional aspect. There are certain types of web design formats, and many designers are tend to follow these routines unconsciously. In this situation, the new aspect of visual puns for web design can be a possible design method to fortify the overall message. Through this concept, we can build up some clear identity compared to other web sites and can get alternatives to perform more effective communication ways as a problem-solving process.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.6 no.2 s.20
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• pp.107-114
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to explore the morphology of polyhedra as a tool diversifying the approach to structures and shapes, and to consider the way of the morphogenesis as structural design sources. First, through many examples in nature and styles used as the rhetorical representation of buildings, the shapes of which are based on one of polyhedra are shown. Secondly, the morphogenetic characteristics of polyhedra limited to pure lattice structure are investigated. Thereby the methodology of spatial morphogenesis of polyhedra as structural design sources are generated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2015

The year 1997 was when Korean Journal of Public Relations Research started to publish research articles. This study addresses the issue of theories in Korean public relations research. A total of 166 research papers are analyzed to see characteristics and changes during 2003-2012. Through this meta analysis, the researcher tries to see the big picture and discusses the right direction for the future of the public relations in many ways. Three different groupings were adopted to classify theories in the 10 year perion - 1. origins of theories(public relations field, related neighbor field, distant field), 2. target of analysis(individual, organization, society), 3. level of approach (systematic pluralistic, rhetorical, critical approach). According to the findings, though getting better, it was 'cold season' in public relations research because theories utilized in Korean public relations research were not very excellent qualitatively and qualitatively. Interdisciplinary approach is discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.313-323
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cognitive process of student's modeling on a modeling-emphasized argument-based general chemistry experiment. The participants were twenty-one freshman students. Six topics were carried out during the first semester and semi-structured interview was implemented at the end of the semester. Semi-structured interview questions were used to elicit elements of effective model, modeling strategies, difficulties that students have experienced during modeling, and resolving the difficulties that students have experienced during modeling. All student interview data were collected and transcribed. The results of this study are summarized as follows: (1) Elements of effective model were considered to be visual expression, persuasive explanation, and rhetorical structure. (2) Modeling strategies included arranging important keywords or writing the outline, and during the modeling process, students used various data, suggested data after reconstructing, suggested definitions and explanations of core concepts, used meta-cognition, and considering rhetorical structure. (3) Difficulties students have experienced during modeling could be categorized as lack of modeling strategy and understanding. (4) Resolving difficulties students have experienced during modeling could be categorized as modeling strategy and understanding. Students learn the strategy by feedback, modeling experience, evaluation of experimental report, models which they constructed previously and references, and the understanding of contents were achieved through arguments which occurred during classes and during the process of writing the experimental reports. These results suggest that when using modeling in teaching and learning, the argument-based learning strategy can be effective in enhancing students' modeling by helping them to understand meta-modeling with scientific concepts.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.90-103
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• 2009

The poem 'Kyungjusipiyung(慶州十二詠)' written by Seo, Geo-jeong(徐居正) describes sentiments felt for the ruined historical and cultural landscape of Silla's capital city, Kyungju. It differs from the existing 'Eight Sceneries(八景)' as it conveys the strong metaphorical aesthetics of ruins as the episodes and figures are sung, as well as the myths and stories related to the representative holy places of the Silla culture: Gyelim(鷄林), Banwolseong(半月城), Najeong(蘿井), Oneung(五陵), Geumosan(金鰲山), the scenic beauty of deep placeness, Poseokjeong(鮑石亭), Mooncheon(蚊川), Cheomseongdae(瞻星臺), Boonhwangsa(芬皇寺), Youngmyosa(靈妙寺) and Grave of the General Kim Yu-Sin(金庾信墓). Compared with the former "Eight Sceneries" Poems, including Seo Geojeong's 'Kyungjusipiyung', there is a difference in the content of theme recitation, as well as in structure and form, especially with the deep impression of the classical features of the meanings and acts. The sequence of theme recitation seems to be composed of more than two visual corridors visited during trips that last longer than two days. The dominant emotions expresses in this poem, through written in the spring, are regret and sadness such as 'worn', 'broken and ruined', 'old and sad', without touching on the beauty of nature and the taste for life that is found in most of the Eight Sceneries Poems. Thus, the feelings of the reciter himself, Seo, Geo-jeong, about the described sceneries and their symbolism are more greatly emphasized than the beauty of form. The characteristic aspect of his experiences of ruins expressed from 'Kyungjusipiyung' is that the experiences were, first of all, qualitative of the aura conveyed; that is, the quality omnipresent throughout the culture of Silla as reflected in the twelve historical and cultural landscapes. In this poem, the cultural ruins of the invisible dimension such as the myths and legends are described by repetition, parallelism, juxtaposition, reflection and admiration from the antiphrases, as well as the civilized ruins of the visible dimension such as the various sceneries and features of Kyungju. This seems to be characteristic of the methods by which Seo, Geo-jeong appreciates 'Silla' in the poem 'Kyungjusipiyung'. Ruins as an Aesthetic Object imply the noble pride of Seo, Geo-jeong in identifying himself with the great nature of ruins. In 'Kyungjusipiyung', the images of the ruins of Silla and Kyungju are interspersed in spite of his positive recognition of 'the village of Kyungju' based on his records. However, though the concept of ruins has a pessimistic tone connoting the road of extinction and downfall, the aspect here seems to ambivalently contain the desire to recover and revive Kyungju through the Chosun Dynasty as adominant influence on the earlier Chosun's literary tide. The aesthetics of the scenery found in Seo, Geo-jeong's 'Kyungjusipiyung' contain the strongest of metaphor and symbolism by converting the experiences of the paradoxical ruins into the value of reflective experiences.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.116
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• pp.389-410
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• 2010

Augustin wurde sozusagen von der Rhetorik zum Christentum bekehrt. Der einstmalige Rhetorikprofessor (bis 386) distanziert sich von seiner $fr{\ddot{u}}heren$ Kunst. Aber er $kn{\ddot{u}}pft$ als Bischof im vierten Buch seiner weniger bekannten Schrift "De doctrina Christiana" (DDC; abgef. 427) wieder an die antike Rhetorik, speziell an Cicero, an. So wird die augustinische $Sp{\ddot{a}}tschrift$ $f{\ddot{u}}r$ eine antike Rhetorik in christlicher Verwendung gehalten. Es stellt nun die Frage, was Augustin zur $R{\ddot{u}}ckkehr$ zu seiner $fr{\ddot{u}}heren$ Kunst bewegte. Neuere Forschungen sehen in Augustins Werk eine Grundlage der mittelalterlichen Predigttheorie oder einen $blo{\ss}en$ Versuch, die Rhetorik vom Makel des Sophistischen zu befreien. Gewiss ist seine Einstellung zur "leeren Beredsamkeit" der Sophistik eindeutig, aber dies war eine Haltung, die letztlich von allen seinen christlichen Zeitgenossen geteilt wurde und folglich eines geringen Beweises bedurfte. Die Aufmerksamkeit, die Augustins $sp{\ddot{a}}terem$ Einfluss und seiner Ablehnung der Zweiten Sophistik geschenkt wird, kann den Blick $tr{\ddot{u}}ben$ $f{\ddot{u}}r$ seine Rolle bei der $L{\ddot{o}}sung$ eines christlichen Dilemmas aus dem vierten Jahrhundert. Augustin sah die Gefahren einer entgegengesetzten rhetorischen $H{\ddot{a}}resie$. Die $S{\ddot{u}}nde$ des Sophisten besteht darin, dass er die Notwendigkeit des Inhalts verneint und glaubt, nur die forma alleine sei $w{\ddot{u}}nschenswert$. Der gegenteilige Fehler, dem Geschichtsschreiber der Rhetorik niemals einen Namen gegeben haben, beruht auf dem Glauben, dass derjenige, der im Besitz der Wahrheit ist, auch ipso facto in der Lage ist, die Wahrheit anderen zu ${\ddot{u}}bermitteln$. Es handelt sich um eine $ausschlie{\ss}liche$ $Abh{\ddot{a}}ngigkeit$ von der materia. Augustin erkannte eine Gefahr und benutzte DDC dazu, eine Verbindung von Inhalt und Form in der christlichen Predigt voranzutreiben. Nur wenn man daher das Buch als einen Teil der $gro{\ss}en$ Debatte des vierten Jahrhunderts ansieht, tritt seine historische Bedeutung klar hervor. Der Leser ist beeindruckt davon, dass der Autor darauf insistiert, es sei eine Torheit, dem Feind ein $n{\ddot{u}}tzliches$ Instrument zu ${\ddot{u}}berlassen$. Augustin $erkl{\ddot{a}}rt$, dass die Kunst der Beredsamkeit rege in Gebrauch genommen und nicht kurzerhand abgelehnt werden solle, weil sie mit dem Makel des Heidentums behaftet sei. Kurz gesagt, geplant ist das vierte Buch von DDC als eine ratio eloquentiae Christianae.