• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to clarify the syntaxonomy of the pine forest in Youngdong region by the phytosociological methods. As a result of the investigation of 62 quadrats, Pinus densiflora forest was classified into four subassociations: Typical subassociation, Quercus mongolica subassociation, Rhododendron mucronulatum subassociation, Rhus chinensis subassociation. Many differences in ecological characteristics such as species composition, stratum structure, vegetation coverage and of diameter at breast height(DBH) of class distribution were found among the communities. Soil properties of the pine forest on the study area was relatively poor compared with other pine forests, especially, soil pH was strongly acidic with 4.87. Soil conditions among the subassociations appeared different. Future succession of pine forest by the similarity index of communities was proposed. Estimated degree of green naturality for Typical subassociation and Q. mongolica subassociation correspond to 7th grade, and R. mucronulatum subassociation, 8-1st grade, and R. chinensis subassociation, 8-2nd grade.

• Korean Architects
• /
• no.3 s.180
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 1984

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2008

To find out the effect of the vegetation recovery and the problems of forest land, the researches of the mortality in pine stand and vegetation recovery have been carried out from the burned site. In area which is damaged by fire scar on crown and stem, rate of dead is higher. Where stand growing stocks were totally damaged by crown forest fire, most of vegetation was recovered by sprouts and planted seeds. Vegetation recovery power were depending on the condition of soil depth condition. For the artificial recovery, the damage happened by insects in the planted birches plantation. Rate of growth was somewhat different between Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in the plantation, because of individual growth rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.39-43
• /
• 2009

we studied and analyzed a tree mortality of 7 species(Pinus koraiensis etc) in surface forest fire area. In this results, the order of tree mortality was Cryptomeria japonica>Pinus koraiensis>Pinus densiflora>Pinus thunbergii>Larix leptolepis>Pinus rigida>Quercus. More damaged crown was higher tree mortality and more d.b.h was less tree mortality. Especially, oak trees in which a damage rate of crown was less 30% almost survived.

• Landscaping Tree
• /
• s.120
• /
• pp.23-24
• /
• 2011

소나무나 느티나무, 팽나무 등과 같이 우리 생활과 밀접한 관계를 가지거나 주변에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 수종들을 인간식생이라고 한다. 우리나라 어느 마을에서나 한 두 그루 씩 쉽게 볼 수 있는 쉬나무도 인간 식생종의 하나다. 우리 선조들이 집 가까이 혹은 궁궐이나 성곽 주변에 심어온 쉬나무는 나막신 재료나, 밤에 등불을 겨는 등유 채취용으로, 꿀벌의 밀원식물로 식재되어온 유익한 수종이다. 이는 외부 형태나 생육 특성에 의해 쇠동백나무, 다지나무, 소동나무, 수유나무 등 여러 가지 이름으로도 불린다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.487-497
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to suggest vegetation management plan for Gugok landscape maintenance and improvement by deducing the vegetation landscape factors inherent in Yongha Gugok and understanding vegetation structure through the investigate of existing vegetation and plant community structure of Yongha valley in Woraksan National Park. There were broad and flat rocks, natural layered stones, clear water, light stones, stream, valleys, waterfalls, Pinus densiflora and Acer pseudosieboldianum as a result of deducing natural factors on poetry. There were P. densiflora and A. pseudosieboldianum appeared as one of main vegetation landscape elements. The actual vegetation analysis results were as followed. The natural vegetation occupied 67.5% and it was classified as P. densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community, Q. variabilis-P. densiflora community, Q. variabilis-Q. serrata community, Q. serrata community, Q. mongolica community, Q. mongolica-P. densiflora community, Deciduous broad-leaved tree community. The artificial vegetation(18.7%) was classified as Q. serrata community-Larix kaempferi community, Q. mongolica- Castanea crenata community, L. kaempferi community, L. kaempferi-C. crenata community, fruticeta, L. kaempferi-Q. mongolica community. The grassland area(2.0%) was classified as Miscanthus sinensis community, Phragmites communis community, and other areas were classified as landscape tree planting area, farm, orchard, residential area. The representative vegetation were P. densiflora community, Q. variabilis-Q. serrata community, L. kaempferi community, Deciduous broad-leaved tree community in Yongha Gugok. The species diversity index of Shannon was 0.6274~0.9908 on the whole. Yongha Gugok, as a symbol of succession on confucianism and reverence for nature, should be preserved natural valley landscape being clean and wijungchuksa at the end of Joseon Dynasty and Japanese Colonial era. In this historical and cultural Gugok, vegetation landscape management plan is needed to landscape maintenance with P. densiflora community, density control with L. kaempferi community. And it is considered when natural disasters and artificial damages happened, P. densiflora-oriented vegetation restoration plan should be applied in order to restore.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2010

To study the combustion characteristics of forest fuel by fire intensity, the experiment of combustion characteristics on Pinus Densiflora living leaves, which is the weakest species to the forest fire, was delivered, using variables of heat flux(25 kW/$m^2$, 50 kW/$m^2$, 75 kW/$m^2$). With the equipment of Cone calorimeter, the characteristics of ignition, heat, smoke release, CO and $CO_2$ release, and mass loss were analyzed. Pinus Densiflora living leaves containing moisture of 60.66% were not ignited at the heat flux of variables 25 kW/$m^2$, 50 kW/$m^2$, 75 kW/$m^2$. In proportion to the heat flux value, heat release amount and heat release rate reached maximum value rapidly: higher variables came to the maximum by the half rapidity and the maximum value were twice higher than the former lower variables respectively. As for the smoke release, the less heat flux the variable had, the more smoke release it had, due to incomplete combustion. The release amount of CO and $CO_2$ had more maximum value as the heat flux increased and more radiant heat meaned more carbon oxide. When the forest fire breaks out, therefore, a great amount of CO and $CO_2$ will be released by Pinus Densiflora.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• s.246
• /
• pp.36-53
• /
• 2011

서울특별시는 지구온난화 방지를 위한 국제적인 온실가스 감축 노력의 일환으로 공공기관을 중심으로 신재생에너지 보급 사업을 추진중에 있다. 서울시는 이 사업을 추진하면서 대기오염물질 저감과 더불어 연간 1만2162톤 $CO_2$ 정도의 온실가스 감축효과로 연간 2억1800만원을 절약하고, 향후 10년간 총 21억8900만원에 이르는 경제적 부가가치가 창출될 것으로 전망했다. 현재 서울시에는 공공기관, 학교 등에 태양광, 태양열 등 신재생에너지 시설이 총 297개(2009년 기준, 가정집 제외) 기관에 설치되어 있다. 이는 연간 약 522만9812kg의 온실가스를 저감한 것으로 어린 소나무로 환산하면 약 188만2732 그루를 심는 환경효과가 있다. 본지는 서울시 녹색서울 시민위원회와 에너지나눔과 평화에서 지난 2007년부터 조사한 자료를 바탕으로 정부의 신재생에너지 정책 및 서울시 신재생에너지 설치 현황에 대해 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 1989

Rhododendron micranthum grown over the area of Kyoung Puck, Kang Weon Province is showy and very attractive evergreen broad-leaned shrub of shade resistance. This shrub is considered very useful for exploiting as a garden plant. Environments, growth characteristics and vegetation association in the wild habitat and in the garden planted with this shrub, were investigated to find out some appropriate means of propagation and cultivation of this shrub. The results thus obtained were stated as follows ; 1. Light intensity for the native habitat ranged in the proximity of 9%. The most abundant stand of this shrub occurred in the northen side of mountains, while still some plants were found in the eastern sides also. 2. Soil of the native habitat was acidic (pH 4.4) and infertility. 3. Average elevation of the native habitat was shown to be 230m above the sea level. 4. The plant of the native habitat showed an average of 3.9 new shoots per branch, whereas that of the garden planted (light intensity 100%) showed 1.2, 5% of an average was for sun-burn leaves were noted, while garden Plants(light intensity 100%) showed 90% of them. 5. Other tree species associated with Rhododendron micrathum in the native habitat were primarily Pinus densiflora and secondarily Sorbus alnifolia, hemerocallis aurautiaca, Rubus crataegifolius, and Salix hulteni. 6. Vegetation rate of plant habitats in the Rhododendron growing area was observed to be 0 to 80% involving 27 to 50 species of associated trees in the vegetation for the 10${\times}$10m quadrat area.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.11
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 2018

Asan Oeam village is a town that has been formed since about 500 years ago. It is a folk village centered on Yean Lee and designated as National Folk Cultural Property No. 236. However, the original shape of the thatch, which has regional characteristics, is disappearing. Therefore, I want to study the architectural characteristics of the house which is well preserved in the original shape. The Genjaegotaek is located in the center of the Oeam village. The composition of the house consists of a Munganchae, Salangchae, Anchae, Sadang. The Anchae is an 'ㄱ' shaped house, and it is shaped like a 'ㅁ' which is opened by facing. The wide yard in front of the Salangchae is made of strangely shaped rocks, a hundred-year-old pine, old pagodas, ponds, pavilion. Outside the main gate, there is an 'ㅡ' shape thatch on the west. The Galabjib of Geonjaegotaek is a servant house, and the shape is a ㄱ type. The plane remained well in its original shape, thatch is consisting of a kitchen-room-daecheong maru-room. A Galabjib of Geonjaegotaek can not represent all the thatch of a Oeam village. However, it is expected that this study will be used as a basic data when the study by the thatch in this area is conducted through the analysis of the type.