• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.464-477
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• 2013

There is a great need to develop a training program proven to change behavior and improve knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate employee hygiene knowledge, hygiene practice, and cleanliness, before and after HACCP system implementation at one small-size restaurant. The efficiency of the system was analyzed using time-temperature control after implementation of u-HACCP$^{(R)}$. The employee hygiene knowledge and practices showed a significant improvement (p<0.05) after HACCP system implementation. In non-heating processes, such as seasoned lettuce, controlling the sanitation of the cooking facility and the chlorination of raw ingredients were identified as the significant CCP. Sanitizing was an important CCP because total bacteria were reduced 2~4 log CFU/g after implementation of HACCP. In bean sprouts, microbial levels decreased from 4.20 logCFU/g to 3.26 logCFU/g. There were significant correlations between hygiene knowledge, practice, and microbiological contamination. First, personnel hygiene had a significant correlation with 'total food hygiene knowledge' scores (p<0.05). Second, total food hygiene practice scores had a significant correlation (p<0.05) with improved microbiological qualities of lettuce salad. Third, concerning the assessment of microbiological quality after 1 month, there were significant (p<0.05) improvements in times of heating, and the washing and division process. On the other hand, after 2 months, microbiological was maintained, although only two categories (division process and kitchen floor) were improved. This study also investigated time-temperature control by using ubiquitous sensor networks (USN) consisting of an ubi reader (CCP thermometer), an ubi manager (tablet PC), and application software (HACCP monitoring system). The result of the temperature control before and after USN showed better thermal management (accuracy, efficiency, consistency of time control). Based on the results, strict time-temperature control could be an effective method to prevent foodborne illness.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.28
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• pp.235-263
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• 2012

Regarding the theme park business as an area of cultural content business, this study focuses on the trend of pursuing indoor theme parks as a small-scale small capital strategy escaped from the existing approach oriented to large-scale outdoor complex theme parks. It is because although existing large-scale outdoor complex theme parks require the capital with the scale of hundreds of billion won and also high-level technique and the latest operational know-how that they have a great barrier for new entry as well as enormous risk, the rent indoor theme parks succeed in market entry with efficient risk management and flexible market strategies. Thereupon, this study examines the current status of the children's indoor theme park market with Korean characters as their theme as a new market among the indoor theme parks and also investigates the market strategies of this market in the two aspects of expansion: the expansion of Korean characters' property value and the expansion of the local theme park market. For that, this article reviewed the advanced researches on theme parks and divided the types of theme parks existing in Korea with the criteria of classification by space and theme or classification by main users. Also, among the children's indoor theme parks with Korean characters as their theme, this study visited five ones located in the capital area to examine the current status. And about two located in the capital area and also four in the local area, the current data were received from the persons in charge of the companies for analysis. Also, with the subjects of spectators visiting the 'DIBO VILLAGE, Cheonggye-cheon' newly opened on April 25th, 2012, the research on satisfaction was conducted for analysis. Through that, this study analyzed the structure of the existing children's indoor theme park business with Korean characters as their theme and suggested the ground to analyze the effectiveness of market strategies being implemented. It is expected that this study will establish the clues of systematic and profound discussion for the indoor theme park business that can be said to be the niche market of the theme park business and allow the small-scale areal indoor theme parks to be examined as a significant business model for the local theme park industry. In the aspect of character business as well, it is expected that this will give a chance to establish a new model of spatial storytelling expansion in terms of the property value of Korean animation characters.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2015

At present, in the case of small and medium window manufacturers in South Korea, glazing and window frame manufacturers are divided into separate businesses. However, in the fenestration energy consumption efficiency rating system and the energy-saving design criteria for buildings, the coefficient of overall heat transmission standard for windows is defined by window sets, which integrate glazing and window frames. At most construction sites, windows are constructed by installing separately supplied glass and frames. Research that can integrate the reality and the system is therefore necessary. The present study first investigated and analyzed the on-site situation of the fenestration energy consumption efficiency rating system. According to the results, while overall understanding of the fenestration energy consumption efficiency rating system was high, satisfaction with it was low, and the general practice at construction sites was to use windows assembled on site rather than integrated window systems manufactured at factories, thus making it difficult to confirm that the current rating system was well applied on site. Consequently, the reality of industrial sites must be reviewed and a realistic alternative to the fenestration energy consumption efficiency rating system must be presented instead of focusing on theory.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.361-381
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• 2008

Quality rating of machine security systems is difficult because both tangible and intangible services are included. However, still, the research template applied the SERVQUAL model with the intention of confirming machine security systems' service quality formation and experimentally inspecting the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. Therefore, the following highlights the experimental research outcomes and their implications for small-scale businesses utilizing machine security systems in the Daegu region. First, after observing whether the determining factors constitute service quality, four components were found to have significant influence on customer satisfaction. Additionally, in observing any differences in their influences, the following in order were observed as having influence on customer satisfaction: empathy, assurance reliability, responsiveness, and tangibility. Moreover, though companies‘ newest facilities and equipment are important, it can be concluded that a company employees’ prudent consideration, individual interest, reliability, and assurance for the customer carry greater importance. Secondly, though we intended to survey machine security systems by employing the SERVQUAL model, determinant factor analysis results found applying SERVQUAL model in its original state a challenge. According to results from determinant factor analysis, the basis for forming service quality is determined by assurance reliability, empathy, tangibility, and responsiveness. Furthermore, in future research, while more accurately distinguishing between assurance and reliability, a more appropriate model must also be considered for modification in domestic machine security system industry‘s service quality evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.536-552
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• 2008

In Korea, a variety of policies for the regional cultural industry development have been carried out: the promotion policy of cultural industry cluster, the establishment of cultural industry support center, and the construction of cultural industry complex and the supporting works for the cultural research center. The cultural industry has a dual character of the manufacturing industry and the service industry. The cultural industry of Gyeongbuk province is mostly centered upon small manufacturing firms with low value-added. Thus, it is desperately in need of the building-up of the enterprise supporting system. However, it is difficult to expect that private business service finns can be activated. In this sense, local and regional governments seek to establish so called 'the cultural contents support center'. However, it is not clear whether the center is an organization for the production of cultural contents or an agency for the support of cultural contents industry. Also it does not prepare any major functional introduction facilities and performing programs. Most of all, it is necessary to establish a proper orientation that 'the cultural contents support center' must be not an organization for the direct production of cultural contents, but an organization supporting cultural industry by way of providing cultural industry enterprises with what is necessary for the production of cultural contents. Also, a system for the establishment of business fitting support policy that can cover the whole sectors of cultural industry must be prepared. Furthermore, a synthetic support system for the cultural business associated industries centered on specified sectors such as films, edutainment, and storytelling must be constructed. Finally an environment for the creation and inducement of cultural industry enterprises, and for the active participation of enterprises and related groups in the promotion planning and in the policies of cultural industry must be built along with on- and off-line networks.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

Various business model and computing environments are currently merged into web services and many web related application products are also develop. Most of IT enterprises in Korea use the Service-oriented architecture (SOA) whenever they develop the web applications. SOA is an approach to loosely coupled, protocol independent, standards-based distributed computing where software resources available on the network are considered as Services. SOA is believed to become the future enterprise technology solution that promises the agility and flexibility the business users have been looking for by leveraging the integration process through composition of the services spanning multiple enterprises. But, There are no specific development methodology to apply into SOA standard model until now. The developer uses the currently existing methodology to develop the application with SOA. The users have some limitations to use it. In this paper, we suggest a Frameworks for applying agile methodology into SOA to address the productivity and quality of small web related project. We design and implement a frameworks architecture for applying the agile method into SOA and describe the process model to implement it. We finally evaluate the frameworks with productivity, flexibility and maintainability.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.44-54
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• 2021

As the CM at Risk market grows recently, designers and CM companies that have been performing agency CM services have been showing their interests to participate in the CM at Risk projects. With the assumption that agency CM companies with a lot of experiences and know-how in the field of construction project management have created the circumstances to enter the CM at Risk market, this study investigates the competencies necessary for the agency CM companies to carry out the CM at Risk projects. The compentencies to run the CM at Risk projects were identified based on the literature review. A survey was conducted to identify the competencies that need to be supplemented first. The survey results revealed that competency related to partner companies, finance and guarantee, risk and claim, and project cost were identified to have a higher level of complementation compared to other competencies. In addition, considering that the level of competency that need to be secured is high, as the level of holding of all competency is on average 76% of the required level, in the beginning, small-scale CM at Risk projects with relatively low risk are mainly carry out, strengthening competency and then increasing the scale is considered more appropriate strategy.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.280-294
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• 2001

Despite to the reality that the outbreaks from flood poisoning in Korea have been continuously increasing in the last two decades, it was very much neglected even in the public health field in Korea. Food poisoning outbreaks resulted in many cases not only in the damage of health but also in the death of many lives. However, this problem can be effectively solved by effects through health education activities, but not solely by the legal measures. This study was carried out to provide information that can be used in planning health education programs and proposing new rules to prevent any possible outbreaks from flood poisoning. The main problems contributing to flood poisoning outbreaks in an institutional setting or school catering and at home were reviewed and analyzed through the epidemiological investigations and articles related to flood poisoning in the last a decade (1991 ∼ 2000). Accordingly, the data presented in this study are sufficient to show and prove the significant trends in food poisoning accidents in Korea. The major findings investigated in this study are as follows. The frequency of food poisoning accidents as well as the number of victims have continuously increased in Korea. The number of victims per food poisoning accident is also increased from 20 persons in 1990 to 69.8 persons in 2000. Therefore, we should realize that the group poisoning outbreaks occur more frequently and the size of group poisoning accidents is getting larger. Among four seasons, the food poisoning accidents occurred more frequently in the summer (May ∼September) until 1997, However, after 1997, the food poisoning accidents occurred evenly in three seasons except the winter. The most important bacteria that cause food poisoning in Korea were Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. They occupied 85∼90% of the rates of accidents and the number of victims.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2011

The Korean distribution industry is gearing up for an endless competition. Greeting low growth era, less competitive parties will be challanged seriously for their survival. But for large discount stores, they have shown steady annual growth for years. However, because of the saturation for numbers of stores, the difficulty of gaining new sites, and the changes in the consumer's consumption behavior caused by the recession, now they are seeking for a new customers-based business formats. Accordingly, a large corporate comopanies made supermarkets which are belonged to affiliated companies of large corporate comopanies. They based on the strong buying power, focused on SSM(Super Super Market) ave been aggressively develop nationwide multi-stores. The point is that these stores are threatening at small and medium-sized, community-based private supermarkets. Private supermarkets and retailers, who are using existing old operation systems and their dilapidated facilities, are losing a competitive edge in business. Recent the social effects of large series of corporate supermarkets for traditional markets has been very controversial, and commercial media, academia, and industry associated with it have been held many seminars and public hearings. This may slow down the speed in accordance with the regulations, but will not be the crucial alternative. The reason for this recent surge of enterprise-class SSM up, one of the reasons is a stagnation in their offline discount mart, so they are finding new growth areas. Already in the form of large supermarkets across the country got most of the geographical centre point and is saturated with stages. Targeting small businesses that do not cover discount Mart, in order to expand business in the form of SSM is urgent. By contrast, private supermarkets are going to lose their competitiveness. The vulnerability of individual supermarkets, one of the vulnerabilities is price which economies of scale can not be realized so they are purchasing a small amount of products and difficult to get a quantity discount. The lack of organization and collaboration, and education which is not practical, caused the absencer of service-oriented situations. As a first solution, making specialty shops which are handling agricultures, fruits and vegetables and manufactured goods is recommended. Second, private supermarkets franchisees join the organization for the organization and collaboration is recomaned. It can be meet the scale of economy and can be formed a alternative business formats to a government. Third, the education is needed as a good service will get consumer's awareness. In addition, a psychological stores operating is also one way to stimulate consumer sentiment as SSM can't operate. Japan already has a better conditions of their lives through small chain expression. This study includes the vulnerabilities of private supermarkets, and suggests a competitiveness reinforcement strategies.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2022

Despite the recent increase in the consumption level of the processed meat-byproducts, the health and safety issue has consistently been raised in the processes of production, distribution and consumption. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the microbiological hazard elements in the Korean sausage, "Sundae," to present not only the safety standard of meat by-product vendors based on HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point), but also the quality control criteria and sanitary arrangements of small manufacturers. For the study, the microbiological hazards in 24 raw materials, 7 manufacturing processes, 40 facilities and tools, 17 workplace environment, and 12 workers were analyzed. The analysis revealed the hazardous elements in the initial stages with 6.28 and 4.07 log CFU/g of total aerobic count and coliforms, respectively, detected from the porcine blood and 3.23 log CFU/g of coliforms from the porcine small intestines. The result also showed that the total aerobic counts and coliforms in the process of mixing and filling process exceeds the standards in the hygiene guidelines by Natick with the total aerobic counts of 5.23, 5.45 log CFU/g, and the coliforms of 3.25, and 3.31 log CFU/g, respectively. Although the detected total aerobic count and the coliforms in the filling and washing rooms exceeded the standards, it was found that the total aerobic count was significantly reduced by 98% after cleaning and disinfecting and no coliforms was detected in any process thereafter. In order to achieve high level of safety in the manufacturing processes of Sundae, the separation of washing and disinfection room from the other sections and the sanitation control of the workers must be preceded, along with strict monitoring in the storage and distribution processes. The study raises necessity for additional studies for the safety evaluation of the processed meat-byproducts and further researches on the validity of the critical limits.