• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.721-725
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• 2001

Physiological activity in different parts of Dolsan leaf mustard (DLM) was investigated. To determine the physiological activity, DLM was crushed filtered centrifuged and then the supernatant was used as a sample. of 1%, 3% and 6%. By adding of improved root juice(20th day) with the concentration of 6% the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest about 78.2%. And antioxidative effects in different parts of DLM was measured by using the DPPH method. Antioxidative effects was higher in all leaves than other parts. In particular antioxidative effects was the highest in leaves of traditional DLM at the 20th day of growth about 80.4%. In leaves of improved DLM at the 60th growth angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory effect was the highest about 94.0%. Consequently there was not significant difference of physiological activity between improved and traditional DLM. However the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest in roots of DLM. And the antioxidative and the ACE inhibitory effect in leaves of DLM were higher than those of other parts.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.418-425
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• 2017

This study investigated antioxidation activity through the content of total polyphenol, that of flavonoid and DPPH radical scavenging activity and measured the cytotoxicity against B16F10 melanoma and inhibiting function of melanin biosynthesis to evaluate antioxidation activity and melanocyte effect of pueraria lobata root extract. As the results of study, it was recognized that the toxicity did not show against B16F10 melanoma and the increase of generating melanin was inhibited as the results of measuring the inhibition function of melanin biosynthesis after inducing the generation of melanin by ${\alpha}$-MSH against B16F10 melanoma cell. The high contents of polyphenol and flavonoid was found as the contents of pueraria lobata root extract increases and DPPH radical scavenging activity as the results of antioxidation activity. Through this study, it was recognized that pueraria lobata root extract has the feasibility that can be used as the material of cosmetics as it has the excellent effect of antioxidation activity and inhibiting the generation of melanin against melanocyte, low toxicity against skin cell and its safety against melanocyte of skin was found.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.797-806
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• 2018

This study attempted to investigate the effects of Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas (P. lactiflora) on the inhibition of oxygen free radical, anti-inflammation and MMP-1 inhibitory activity and examine its possibility as a functional cosmetic material. For test methods, the inhibition of oxygen free radical after measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, cytotoxicity assessment and anti-inflammation were measured, and MMP-1 inhibitory effects in the HDF cell were measured. According to the test, the inhibition of ROS was confirmed in RAW 264.7 and HDF cells. In terms of cytotoxicity assessment, 90% or higher cell viability was detected at $5/10{\mu}g/mL$ Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas extract while it was 80% or higher at other concentration levels in both RAW 264.7 and HDF cells. In addition, NO production was inhibited in the RAW 264.7 cell while MMP-1 was significantly inhibited in the HDF cell. The above results reveal a possibility of Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas extract as a functional cosmetic material after confirming the inhibition of ROS synthesis in the cell, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO synthesis, low toxicity on skin cells and anti-aging effect through MMP-1 inhibition.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.549-554
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• 2011

FK506 is a widespread immunosuppressive drug after liver transplantion in patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Dexamethasone is frequently used as co-treatment in cytotoxic cancer therapy, e.g. to prevent nausea, to protect normal tissue or for other reasons. Our aim was to investigate antitumor effects of FK506 in Hep3B cells, one of differentiated human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and inhibitory effects of dexamethsone on FK506- induced antitumor effects. Cell injury was evaluated by biochemical assays as cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Hep3B cells. Intracellular calcium concentration ([$Ca^{2+}$]i) and the level of activation of the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the Bax protein in cultured Hep3B cells was measured. Exposure of 0.1 ${\mu}M$ FK506 to Hep3B cells led to cell death accompanied by a decrease in cell viability and an increase in LDH, ROS and [$Ca^{2+}$]i. FK506 induced an increase in activity of Bax and JNK protein but inhibited the activity of Bcl-2 protein. Treatment of dexamethsone, per se, had no effects on cell viability, LDH and ROS. However, co-treatment of FK506 and dexamethasone diminished the FK506-induced LDH release, ROS generation and JNK activation. These results demonstrate that FK506 has antitumor effect in Hep3B cells but the combination of FK506 and dexamethasone antagonizes the FK506-induced antitumor effects.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2016

This study was to investigate the antifungal activity of A. holophylla essential oil against dermatophytes, such as Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum, and to determine the potential effective compound as dermatitis treatment. To evaluate the potential antifungal activities of A. holophylla essential oil and its fractions, paper disc diffusion and agar dilution method tested with morphological observation. Also, their major constituents were analyzed by GC/MS. To determine synergic effects of active ingredient from A. holophylla essential oil were carried out by checkerboard microtiter plate testing. The morphological changes of the dermatophytes exposed to active fraction G4 were observed by electron microscopes. As the results, the highest activities were identified in the fraction containing ${\alpha}$-bisabolol. A mixture of ${\alpha}$-bisabolol and bornyl acetate showed the synergy effects, expressing high potential effects. Also, morphological observation using electron microscopes showed a dramatic changes of cell membrane of E. floccosum and T. rubrum exposed to fraction G4 containing ${\alpha}$-bisabolol. In conclusion, A. holophylla essential oil and its constituents were expected to be used as antifungal agent or raw material for dermatitis therapy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.23-23
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• 2003

김 붉은갯병은 김 엽체에 난균류 Pythium속의 Pythium porphyrae의 기생에 의해 발생되어 매년 김 양식에 큰 피해를 주는 매우 심각한 김 갯병중의 하나이다. 최근에는 이들 병해의 발생 및 억제를 위한 김 산처리제 (활성처리제) 남용에 따른 연안 양식어장의 생태계 파괴 및 김의 자연식품에 대한 이미지 훼손 등의 문제점이 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 김 양식시 발생되는 붉은갯병의 병해를 억제하고자 활성처리제 처리시 고염분해수 처리를 병용함으로써 활성처리제의 사용을 최소화하면서 처리효과를 배가시키고자 하였다. 시험에 사용한 김 엽체는 2002년 10월에 전라남도 해남군 황산면 지선에서 채묘한 방사무늬김 (Porphyra yezoensis)을 육묘해 엽장 1cm 내외에서 냉동망을 제작하여 -2$0^{\circ}C$에 저장한 엽체를 자연해수 (약 27$\textperthousand$), 15$^{\circ}C$, 100$\mu$mol photon m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, 광주기 9L : 15D의 배양조건하에서 15일간 배양한 엽장 3-4cm 정도의 것이었다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용에 의한 붉은 갯병 억제효과는 붉은갯병 병원균의 유주자를 김 엽체에 감염시킨 후 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 12일간 배양하면서 염분농도를 3-25%, 처리주기를 1-2회로 하여 각 시험구별 병해정도로 평가하였다. 고염분해수 처리에 의한 붉은갯병균 균사의 생장억제 효과는 김 엽체를 붉은갯병 병원균의 유주자로 감염시킨 다음 감염 12시간 후 염분농도를 3-25%로 처리한 후 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 4일간 배양하면서 각 시험구별 배양시간에 따른 병원균 균사에 의한 김 엽체의 감염세포수로 평가하였다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용이 김 엽체 생장에 미치는 영향은 건전한 김 엽체의 절편을 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 배양하면서 시험구별로 활성처리와 고염분해수 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) 처리를 3일 간격으로 하면서 12일간 배양한 후 엽체의 엽면적 증가율로 평가하였다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용에 의한 붉은갯병의 억제효과는 대조구 (활성처리 1회)와 비교해 주 2회의 활성처리구와 염분농도 20, 25% 처리구에서 병해 억제효과가 월등히 높았다. 고염분해수 처리에 의한 붉은갯병균 균사의 생장억제 효과는 염분농도 5, 10% 처리구의 경우 무처리구에 가까운 감염세포수를 보였으나, 염분농도 20, 25% 처리구의 경우 활성처리제 처리와 비슷한 감염세포수를 보여 뚜렷한 생장 억제효과를 나타냈다. 활성처리와 고염분해수 처리의 병용이 김 엽체 생장에 미치는 영향은 대조구 (활성처리 1회)의 3.4배 생장율과 활성처리와 염분농도 5-20%의 고염분해수 병용 처리구의 3.1-3.6배 생장율은 유의한 생장차이를 보이지 않았다 (P<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.502-507
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of fermented Rhus verniciflua stem bark extract (RVSBE) on the stomach. We evaluated RVSBE for its antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), along with its ability to reduce the viability of human gastric cancer AGS cells. In addition, its anti-inflammatory effect was examined by evaluating nitric oxide (NO) production, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RVSBE showed antimicrobial activity, as 2.0 mg of the extract produced a clear inhibition zone of 4.0 mm. RVSBE inhibited the growth of AGS cells by 20% at concentrations ranging from 0.25-1.0 mg/mL. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of RVSBE, at 0.1-1.0 mg/mL, the extract showed more than 75% inhibition of NO production. In addition, cells treated with 0.25 mg/mL RVSBE showed a 25% decrease in iNOS mRNA levels compared to those in the LPS-treated cells. These results suggest that RVSBE may have significant inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediators, and therefore, may be a potential anti-inflammatory candidate.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.577-604
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• 1998

chitosan은 골치유증진 및 골세포의 분화를 촉진하는 것으로 알려진 천연의 생분해성 고분자이다. 이연구에서는 chitosan 및 chitosan/tricalcium phosphate(TCP) 다공성 기질을 제조하여 골이식재 및 조직공학적 골형성을 위한 3차원적 세포배양 지지체로서의 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. chitosan 용액 및 TCP가 포함된 chitosan 용액을 동결건조함으로써 소공의 크기가 $100-200{\mu}m$인 스폰지형태의 chitosan 및 chitosan/TCP 다공성 기질을 제작하였다. 골이식재로서의 효과를 평가하기 위하여 백서의 두개골 결손부에 제작된 chiosan 및 chitosan/TCP 다공성 기질을 각각 이식하고 2주 및 4주 후에 동물을 희생하여 조직학적으로 치유양상을 관찰하였다. 조직공학적 골형성을 위한 세포배양 지지체로서의 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 백서 태자의 두개골에서 분리된 골아세포를 chitosan 및 chitosan/TCP 다공성 기질에 각각 접종하고 56일간 배양하면서 각 기간 별로 세포수, 염기성 인산효소 활성, 축적된 calcium의 양을 측정하였고 배양된 세포-기질 혼합체를 광학현미경 및 주사전자현 미경하에서 조직학적 관찰을 시행하였다. 백서 두개골결손부에 이식된 chitosan 및 chiosan/TCP 다공성 기질은 별다른 이물반응 없이 자연 분해되면서 신생골조직 내에 매립되었으며 이식하지 않은 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높은 신생골형성 효과를 나타내어 우수한 골전도성이 있음이 확인되었다. 신생골형성 양상이나 형성된 양에 있어서 두 가지 기질간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 골아세포-기질 혼합체의 배양결과, 접종후 배양 28일 경과 시까지 골아세포수는 지속적으로 증가하다가 이후에는 5 8일까지 성장정도가 둔화되었다. 염기성 인산효소의 활성 및 calcium 축적량은 접종후 배양시간경과에 따라 56일까지 지속적으로 증가하였다. 세포수 및 염기성 인산효소의 활성에서 두 기질간의 유의한 차이는 없었고, calcium 축적량에 있어서는 chitosan/TCP 기질에서 유의하게 높았고 증가속도도 컸다. 배양된 골아세포가 접종된 다공성 기질의 조직학적 관찰결과, 골아세포는 다공성 기질에 잘 부착하여 중층의 형태로 성장하면서 광화된 골기질을 형성함이 관찰되었다. 배양 14일부터 작은 골편형태의 골형성이 기질 표면에 부착되어 관찰되었고, 배양기간이 길어짐에 따라 성장하여 배양 56일째에는 상당한 양의 광화된 골질이 형성됨이 관찰되었다. 배양 56일 경과후의 광화된 골질의 양은 chitosan/TCP 기질에서 더 많았다. 이 연구의 결과, chitosan 및 chitosan/TCP 다공성 기질이 골이식재로서 뿐만 아니라, 조직공학적 골형성에 적용되는 골아세포의 배양을 위한 3차원구조의 세포지지체로 이용되어 골재생술식에 유용한 생체재료로 활용될 수 있음이 확인되었다.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.1 s.66
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• pp.143-153
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• 1998

Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) may be the important regualtors of bone metabolism Exogenous PDGF is recognized to have a stimulating effect on bone resorption in organ culture but to stimulate the formation of new bone ultimately. LPS is known to be a stimulating agent on the osteoclastic activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects and the interaction of PDGF and LPS on periodontal ligament(PDL) cells which have important roles in bone remodeling. Cultured human periodontal ligament cells were tented with various concentration or PDGF and/or LPS. The cellular viability was measured by Microtitration(MTT) assay according to the lapse time of culture. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The viability of PDL cells was not different from the con01 in 0.1ng/ml of PDGF, but was significantly increased to be over the level of control in 1ng/ml of PDGF at the second day of culture, and in 10ng/m1 of PDGF at the second and the third day of culture. 2. The cellular viability was decreased in $0.5{\mu}g/ml$ or $5{\mu}g/ml$ LPS at the third day of culture. 3. Incubation with both 1ng/ml or 10ng/ml of PDGF and $0.5{\mu}g/ml$ of $5{\mu}g/ml$ of LPS resulted in the increased cellular viability at the third day, which was greater than LPS only treated group. It was greater than even the control group in 10ng/m1 of PDGF. From the above findings, we could summarize that the admixture of PDGF and LPS could not less increase the viability of the human periodontal ligament cells than PDGF only.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1381-1387
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• 2013

The leaves and roots of Ligularia stenocephala, which are widely used as a food in Korea, were investigated for their antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity in vitro, and their hepatoprotective effect, alcohol detoxicant efficacy, and memory-enhancing property were investigated in vivo. The unique odor of the leaves was analyzed by GC-MS. Lipid peroxidation, superoxide anion formation, and DPPH radicals were inhibited remarkably by the extracts of the leaves and roots. The leaves of this edible plant significantly protected the hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride and further diminished the blood alcohol content in mice. While the roots of this plant exhibited adequate cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines, especially against melanoma, the leaves revealed relatively weak activity. Both the leaves and the roots exerted an excellent ameliorating property on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in the passive avoidance task using an animal model. The hexane fraction of the leaves was analyzed by GC-MS, suggesting that a series of terpenoids may be odorous compounds in this plant.