• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.3 s.258
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• pp.380-387
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• 2007

We carried out an image analysis of living cells forming their contacts at the bottom of the cell culturing substrate. In order to visualize the contact area selectively, we adopted total-internal-reflection-fluorescence (TIRF) method, which can illuminate the specimen volume within only several hundred nano-meters above the substrate. From the fluorescent intensity of the TRF image, we could calculate the distance of the cell surface from the substrate. As a result, we visualized the origin of cell contacts, their movements, and the change of cell-contact type from the close-contact into focal-contact with information of its vertical displacement representing the temporal evolution process of the three-dimensional cell-surface-profile near the contact area during this metamorphosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.374-376
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• 2021

For the diagnosis of cancer-related diseases in clinical practice, pathological examination using biopsy is essential after basic diagnosis using imaging equipment. In order to proceed with such a biopsy, the assistance of an oncologist, clinical pathologist, etc. with specialized knowledge and the minimum required time are essential for confirmation. In recent years, research related to the establishment of a system capable of automatic classification of cancer cells using artificial intelligence is being actively conducted. However, previous studies show limitations in the type and accuracy of cells based on a limited algorithm. In this study, we propose a method to identify a total of 4 cancer cells through a convolutional neural network, a kind of deep learning. The optical images obtained through cell culture were learned through EfficientNet after performing pre-processing such as identification of the location of cells and image segmentation using OpenCV. The model used various hyper parameters based on EfficientNet, and trained InceptionV3 to compare and analyze the performance. As a result, cells were classified with a high accuracy of 96.8%, and this analysis method is expected to be helpful in confirming cancer.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2019

A microscope is the fundamental research and diagnostic apparatus for clinical investigation of signaling transduction, morphological changes and physiological tracking of cells and intact tissues from patients in the biomedical laboratory science. Proper use, care and maintenance of microscope with comprehensive understanding in mechanism are fully requested for reliable image data and accurate interpretation for diagnosis in the clinical laboratory. The standard operating procedure (SOP) for light microscopes includes performance procedure, brief information of all mechanical parts of microscopes with systematic troubleshooting mechanism depending on the laboratory capacity. Maintenance program encompasses cleaning objective, ocular lenses and inner optics; replacement and calibration of light source; XY sample stage management; point spread function (PSF) measurement for confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM); quality control (QC) program in fluorescent microscopy; and systematic troubleshooting. Laser safety is one of the concern for medical technologists engaged in CLSM laboratory. Laser safety guideline based on the laser classification and risk level, and advisory lab wear for CLSM users are also expatiated in this overview. Since acquired image data presents a wide range of information at the moment of acquisition, well-maintained microscopes with proper microscopic maintenance program are impulsive for its interpretation and diagnosis in the clinical laboratory.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.391-396
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• 2015

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the visual system of the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) by location analysis of some major neurotransmitters glutamate, ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, and their receptors, and $m{\ddot{u}}ller$ glial cells in retina. Methods: Standard immunocytochemical techniques were used after vibratome section of retinal tissues of adult greater horseshoe bat for this study. Immnoreactions in immunofluorescence images were analyzed using confocal microscope. Results: Anti-glutamate-immunoreactive neurons were mainly localized in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). The majority of anti-GABA-immunoreactive cells distributed in the inner nuclear layer (INL), and GABAA receptors were localized in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Anti-choline acetyltransferase-immuoreactive cholinergic neurons were mainly located in the INL and GCL, and most of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors were localized in the IPL. The $m{\ddot{u}}ller$ cells in the retina of the greater horseshoe bat stretched theirs range from the GCL to outer nuclear layer (ONL). Conclusions: This study revealed that the retinas of the greater horseshoe bats contain the same major neurotransmitters and receptors, and glial cell in visually functional mammalian retinas. The present results may suggest that the greater horseshoe bats have the functional retinas for visual analysis through the organized retinal neural circuits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.323-325
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• 2022

In this paper, after administration of Chlorin e6 to kill cervical cancer cells, PDT (photodynamic therapy) using laser or LED was studied for Ce6 concentration and apoptosis by administration time. After photostimulation was applied to cervical cancer cells, qualitative and quantitative evaluation through imaging and quantitative evaluation using CCK-8 were performed. As a result of the experiment, as the concentration of Ce6 increased, a large amount of cells were killed, and it was confirmed that the Ce6+PDT test group killed more. When comparing the LED and the laser, the laser was able to kill cells only at a local location, and the LED showed the result that it was possible to kill the cells in a wide range. In addition, when irradiating a local location, such as a laser, when measuring the cell viability, it is judged to be accurate to image processing the location.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.622-624
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• 2015

Tumor hypoxia caused by the unique characteristics of solid tumor sites such as lowered vascular density, irregular vasculature, longitudinal oxygen gradient, and unbalanced oxygen consumption has decreased therapeutic efficacy in several clinical trials such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. Hence, tumor oxygenation studies at microvascular levels are important to provide better understanding of the complexity of microvasculature oxygen transport and exchange with tissue. However, polarographic microelectodes, was employed to measure $pO_2$ at the microvasculature level, but it is difficult to perform and does not provide significant spatial and temporal information of oxygen delivery. In this research, we introduce the hyperspectral imaging system able to provide a wide range of vascular characteristics by spatial maps on hemoglobin saturation information for better understanding of the relationship between blood oxygen delivery, hypervascularity, aberrant angiogenesis at microvasculature levels during tumor growth.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 고압산소치료 후 포유동물의 피부에서 Melanin 세포의 생성이 줄어들었음을 이미 보고된 바 있고, 치료 후 전층 피부이식 생존율을 높였고, 또한 인체의 피부 진피층 확인은 더 많은 임상데이터가 필요하나 고압산소치료 후 표피면의 변화는 빠른 시간에 확인 할 수 있다고 판단됨으로 이에 피부진단기의 기준면과의 평행(parallel polarization) 이미지로 피부표피의 변화를 확인 하고자 했다. 본 연구의 고압산소챔버를 활용한 피부표피에 대한 분석 및 실험 결과, 주름살 및 상처(Wrinkle & Scar) 분석에서 피실험자 남자1 3%, 남자2 2%, 여자1 5.9%, 여자2 2.3%로 피실험자 모두 감소 현상을 보여 피부 탄력도가 좋아 지는 효과를 보였다. 피부미백(S-Gray) 분석에서는 피실험자의 피부 표피면의 멜라닌 및 에리즈마 색소의 피부 톤이 남자1 1.1%, 남자2 2.3%, 여자1 4% 로 피실험자 4명 중 3명은 상승 효과를 얻었으나, 피실험자 다른 1명인 여자2는 2.3% 하향의 결과가 나타났다. 홍도(Erythema) 분석, 피실험자 정상인 부위인 D.BLUE/BLUE 값이 남자1 5.6%, 남자2 4.9%, 여자1 17.3%, 여자2 15.3% 증가 현상을 보였으며 남자와 여자의 효과 차이가 10% 이상으로 나타낸 것으로 보아 남자 보다는 여자가 우세한 것으로 판단되었으며, 비정상인 에리즈마 색소(민감도)의 비정상인 부위인 YELLOW/RED 컬러 값에서 남자1 5.2%, 남자2 5%, 여자1 9.2%, 여자2 4.5% 감소 하였음을 보였다. 이에 피실험자 모두 에리즈마인 민감성 산소치료에 따른 피부에 미치는 영향이 효과가 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2003

체세포 핵이식에 의한 복제기술은 매우 낮은 성공률 나타내고 있어 실용화에 지장을 초래하고 있다. 이것은 후생적인 유전현상인 reprogramming이 불완전하게 이루어지기 때문인 것으로 추측되어지고 있다(Reik et al., Theriogenology 2003, 59: 21-32; Han et al, Theriogenology 2003, 59: 33-44). 체세포 핵이식 후에 태아사망의 원인이 태반의 비정상적인 기능과 관계가 있는 것으로 추정되는데 복제시 태아사망의 원인을 찾기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 한우에서 체세포 복제 후 임신 말기에 태아가 사망한 태반조직 3개와 IVF 수정란 이식 후 동일한 시기에 제왕절개술을 실시한 태반조직 2개를 실험에 이용하였다. 태반 protein을 Two-Dimensional electrophoresis와 Mass spectrometer를 이용하여 분석 비교하였다. IPG-system을 이용하여 pH 4~7, pH 6~9에서 1차 전기영동을 한 후, 8~l6%의 SDS-PAGE gel에 2차 전기영동을 실시하였고 G-250 Coomassie로 염색하였다. gel 이미지는 Malanie III program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 전체 gel에서 약 1800개의 구분 가능한 protein spot이 나타났다. pH 4~7 범위에서 양적으로 차이나는 것 15개 중 복제한우 태반에서 증가되는 protein spot 5개와 감소하는 protein spot 10개를 골라 protein identification을 실시하였다. MALDI-TOF-MS를 이용하여 동정한 결과 phosphatidylinositol transfer protein-$\alpha$와 interleukin-18 등의 protein이 복제태반에서 발현이 증가되었고, 복제한우에서 발현이 감소되는 것으로는 vimentin, Rho-GDI-$\beta$, TRAST $\beta$-chain, ovarian sterol carrier protein 2, triosephosphate isomerase, tropemyosin beta chain, Aldose reductase 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 protein들은 inositol 지질 신호전달과 면역시스템, 세포분열, 산소 운반, steroidogenic 세포에서의 콜레스테롤 이동, 촉매 작용, 대사 작용 등에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 체세포 복제에 의한 태아사망 원인은 태반에서 이러한 protein들의 비정상적인 발현에 기인된 것으로 추정된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.345-345
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• 2011

최근 대기압 플라즈마 젯을 이용한 바이오/메디컬의 활발한 응용연구가 진행 중이다. 박테리아 및 세균의 살균은 물론 암세포 세포예정사에 핵심적인 역할을 하는 활성산소종(Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS) 또는 다양한 라디칼들은 대기압 플라즈마의 다양한 변수를 이용하여 조절할 수 있다고 알려져 있다. 수십 kHz의 고전압에서 발생된 마이크로 헬륨 플라즈마 젯에서 질소종의 제어를 통해 같은 부피의 플라즈마 젯에서의 방출광을 살펴보았다. 또한 광섬유센서를 이용하여 플라즈마의 기체온도를 측정하고 Boltzmann plot method를 통해 전자의 여기온도 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험의 결과, 같은 부피의 플라즈마에서 질소종이 증가할 때 기체온도는 큰 변함이 없지만 여기온도가 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다. 시간분해 이미지 촬영으로 질소종의 양에 따른 플라즈마 불릿의 속도 변화를 분석을 하였고, 최종적으로 대기압 플라즈마 젯의 질소종 변화에 따른 대장균의 비활성화 정도를 관찰하였다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.413-418
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• 2014

Purpose: The objective of this study was analyzing the distribution of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate receptor to investigate the function in the retina of the greater horseshoe bat. Methods: After retinal tissues of adult greater horseshoe bat were cut into $40{\mu}m$ vertical sections, standard immuno-cytochemical techniques was applied for analysis. Immunofluorescence images were obtained using the Bio-Rad MRC 1024 laser scanning confocal microscope. Results: AMPA (GluR1-4), Kainate (GluR5-7, KA1-2) and NMDA (1, 2A, 2B) mainly distributed in the inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer. KA1 receptors have existed not only plexiform layer but also ganglion cell layer. Conclusions: The greater horseshoe bat has same neuron and neurotransmitter to mammalian retina. These findings suggest that bat has a functional retina for visual analysis.