• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.83-84
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• 2010

Precast beam column joints with thru-connectors are developed from precedent study. The seismic performance is evaluated by experimental method. The test results of the precedent study showed that failure modes for all specimens were a compression failure by characteristics of unbonded tendon. Thus, variable considered in the research program for a tensile failure include the use of dog-boned longitudinal steel and concrete confined with steel spirals. The analysis of structural characteristics and evaluation of seismic performance of specimens was conducted by the experimental way. Comparison of result with the test specimens indicates that seismic performance is higher than the precedent study due to concrete confinement effect from steel spirals.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.229-233
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• 2021

NPU in an embedded environment performs deep learning algorithms with few hardware resources. By using a technique that reuses data, deep learning algorithms can be efficiently computed with fewer resources. In previous studies, data is reused using a shifter in ScratchPad for data reuse. However, as the ScratchPad's bandwidth increases, the shifter also consumes a lot of resources. Therefore, we present a data reuse technique using the Buffer Round Robin method. By using the Buffer Round Robin method presented in this paper, the chip area could be reduced by about 4.7% compared to the conventional method.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.589-598
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• 2007

In the group communication which has multiple data streams and various access privileges, it is necessary to provide group access control. The group members having the same access privilege are classified into one class, and the classes form a hierarchy based on the access relations. Then each class is assigned to a secret key. In the previous schemes, a single logical key graph is constructed from the hierarchy and each member always holds all secret keys of the classes he can access in the proactive manner. Thus, higher-privileged members hold more keys then lower-privileged members. However, if the hierarchy is large, each member manages too many keys and the size of multicast message in rekeying increases in proportion to the size of the hierarchy. Moreover, most of the members access a small portion of multiple data streams simultaneously. Therefore, it is redundant to receive rekeying message and update the keys in which he is not currently interested. In this paper, we present a new key management scheme that takes a reactive approach in which each member obtains the key of a data stream only when he wants to access the stream. Each member holds and updates only the key of the class he belongs. If he wants to get the key of other class, he derives it from his key and the public parameter. Proposed scheme considerable reduces the costs for rekeying, especially in the group where access relations are very complex and the hierarchy is large. Moreover, the scheme has another advantage that it easily reflects the change of access relations.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.243-261
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• 1999

본 논문은 순이익의 시계열 속성을 조사하고, 순이익의 시계열이 랜덤워크 모형과 일치하는지를 단위근 검증방식을 사용하여 조사하며, 시계열 속성에 근거하여 도출된 예측모형과 흔히 사용되어 온 랜덤워크 모형의 예측능력을 비교하여 선행연구에서 사용되고 있는 랜덤워크 모형에 실증적 타당성을 제시하는 것을 주목적으로 하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국신용평가주식회사의 데이터 베이스에 1980년부터 1996년까지 17년간 자료가 연속적으로 포함되어 있는 금융기업을 제외한 모든 기업(272개)을 표본으로 사용하고 있다. 표본기업의 순이익 시계열에 가장 적합한 과정은 랜덤워크나 AR(1) 또는 AR(2) 모형이다. 또한 본 논문은 대부분의 기업에 때해 순이익이 랜덤워크 과정을 따른다는 가설을 기각할 수 없음을 보였다. 이들 상이한 모형의 표본외 예측력(out-of-sample predictive ability)을 비교한 결과 상수항을 포함한 랜덤워크 모형이 가장 작은 평균 절대 예측오차(mean absolute forecast error)를 갖는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 연구가 순이익 시계열의 불안정성(nonstationarity) 문제를 무시하거나 명시적으로 다루고 있지 않은 것과는 달리 단위근 검증(unit root test)을 통해 연간 순이익이 대체로 불안정하다는 것을 보였으며, 또한 상이한 모형의 표본외 예측능력을 비교한 결과 선행연구에서 사용하여 온 랜덤워크 모형의 우월성에 대한 실증적 증거를 제공하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

In these days, the development of optical fiber sensor technology is so remarkable that it can measure various physical and chemical quantities ranging from a few millimeters to over several kilometers. In addition, it is attempted to assess the structural integrity of the state of the advanced technologies and existing structures such as ships, aircrafts, and bridges. This paper introduced the case histories of the measuring technology of optical fiber applied on structures such as roads and tunnels. The case history using OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometery) was also introduced in this paper. Measurement of the pre-convergence of a tunnel is essential to assess the safety of a tunnel and understand the geological conditions ahead of an advancing tunnel. Therefore, the pre-convergence measuring technology using OTDR is expected to substitute conventional measuring techniques.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.27-44
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• 2005

Over sixty Korean romanization systems have introduced in the course of history since 1800, but not most of them have experienced the test of proper duration. At present two major systems are introduced and focused in the bibliographic fields : Mccune-Reischauer system and Ministry of Culture & Tourism system(2000). Few libraries nay be driven to the new romanization schemes, however library users require a practical and easy-to-use Korean romanization system for searching the Korean items. From the view of bibliographic control for Korean information resources, the advantage and disadvantages for converting romanization systems have been shown as the result of the research.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.10B
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• pp.1252-1257
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• 2011

In this paper, efficient functions for audio spectrum mapping with visible spectrum are proposed. Through mapping overall hearing frequency band with visible frequency band, emotional lighting might be possible. We propose a basic linear mapping function and non-linear mapping functions emphasizing specific audio frequency bands. For the algorithm implementation, spectrum analysis method and filter method are introduced. Especially, in this paper, a prototype LED lighting equipment using the digital filter method is implemented. The proposed lighting method can be applied to many LED lighting area using music.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

Analyzing the aspects of pattern in MMORPG that has been leading our domestic game industry to the climax, our game industry might be thought to orient the space narrative storytelling method containing the leading life in the virtual sociality to the nature of society. It is essential to have the convergence and linkage between media in describing the lifestyle in the virtual society, which should be operated in a very flexible manner. It is, however, true that we are lacking of the quantification of designing process until now, although the designing process should have the vivid academic functions between media in advance. In addition, the designing crossing over the MMORPG genre along with the game patterns in the MMORPG genre has close correlations with the spectrum of crises emerging recently in our domestic online game industry. In other words, this essay aims at raising an issue that the selective method to the lifestyle in the virtual society being settled down as characteristics inherent to the methods of our domestic online games might deliver the improving effects through the establishment of game designing jobs and compliant plans.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2017

The major goal of this paper falls on developing new rational valuation model, to help companies and investors in the early stage of growth as to preparing and negotiating valuation of investment, by applying new reasonable discount indexes of calculating Discount Cash Flow in valuation of the start-up which has been recognized the critical fatal flaws of DCF with them. There are three specific studies done in this paper. First, this paper found the solid and viable bases of rational discount indexes as to applying DCF in valuing companies in the early growth stage with reviewing the previous studies including Berkus method, Scorecard Method, and Risk factor Summation method classified the most effective tools of valuing pre-revenue generating companies. Second, this paper quoted and analyzed the previous models and studies, so called, 'DCF-Prime' of applying DCF method as to value companies in the early growth stage by taking all risk factors innate to the companies in the early growth stage as the discount rate Beta coefficient. Third, this paper propose more viable and solid valuation models, so called, 'DCF-Plus'of combing all validated valuation factors in Berkus, Scorecard, and Risk Factor Summation methods into applying separate discount bracket after DCF Valuation over the companies in the early growth stage instead of taking them as the factors of discount rate, beta coefficient, like the previous model of DCF-Prime. DCF-Plus mainly developed in this paper will not only provide more rational valuation bases as to investment negotiation between companies and investors in the early growth stage, but also providing more accountable guidelines to companies in the early growth as to prepare investment raising and accelerating their company's value by themselves.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.3B
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• pp.158-164
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• 2012

Heterogeneous Network and CSG cell are hot issues in the 3GPP LTE/LTE-Advanced system. In this paper, we analyze the system information measurement methods which are essential for handover to CSG cell. Since there have been no sufficient discussion about this problem, we present and analyze five possible solutions. Moreover, we propose a novel solution to reduce system information measurement delay. In the proposed Autonomous Measurement with Parallel Small Gap(AMPSG) method, the UE measures system information of neighbor cells in a parallel manner. As a result, the proposed method shows better delay performance. Therefore, the proposed AMPSG method can reduce handover delay since the UE have to measure the system information of neighbor cells before CSG handover decision.