• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

The concept of carrying capacity for bivalve culture of an area can be classified into four hierarchical categories, according to their level of complexity and scope, such as physical, production, ecological and social carrying capacity. Most scientific efforts to date have been directed towards modelling production carrying capacity and some of the resultant models have been used successfully. But, the modelling of ecological carrying capacity is still in its infancy, because it should consider the whole ecosystem and all culture activities. A more holistic approach is needed to determine the influence of bivalve aquaculture on the environment and ecological carrying capacity. As an alternative, we can use a set of ecological indicators which can show the environmental performance of bivalve farms and assess ecological carrying capacity. Clearance efficiency and filtration pressure indicators show the value of 0.331 and 0.203, respectively, and these indicators suggest that the present level of culture in GeojeHansan Bay is above the ecological carrying capacity of 0.05. Consequently, these indicators can provide a guidance on the present level of culture in regard to production and ecological carrying capacity in GeojeHansan Bay.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.677-684
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• 2022

This study is a basic study to evaluate the ecological environment of Changwon City. The study site was 6 ecotourism districts in Changwon-si, and the ecotourism index was evaluated through direct visits and interviews with the person in charge through preliminary research and various literature data from June to July 2021. There are six ecotourism indicators: climate crisis, air quality improvement, water conservation, natural coexistence, citizen participation, and tourism resource management. When looking at the scores for the six ecotourism areas in Changwon, it received the highest score in the areas of natural coexistence and air quality improvement. However, the ecoregion received the lowest score in the water resource conservation category, indicating that the water resource conservation as a whole was weak. Next, tourism resource management, climate crisis, and citizen participation are at the same level in all regions. As a result of the evaluation through the low-carbon ecotourism index, the Changwon City low-carbon ecotourism certification system should first be operated as a measure to revitalize the ecotourism region. It is necessary to prepare a low-carbon ecotourism level for Changwon City. Second, it is very important to guide and promote ecotourism areas to revitalize ecotourism areas. Lastly, to operate a sustainable eco-environment area, it is necessary to operate using local governance above all else.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.610-629
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• 2003

Ecotourism has been considered as sustainable tourism since it has been believed to preserve the environment of a tourist destination as well as to satisfy the various needs of tourists. However, most of destinations recently developed for ecotourism have confronted environmental degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to challenge and reestablish the concept of ecotourism. This study seeks to provide new perspectives on the concept of ecotourism by estimating the sustainability of three ecotourism destinations in Jeju Island. The Yae-Rae Dong Ecotourism Village shows a high level of sustainability, while the Ah-Bu Oh-rum at Song-Dang Ri and the Experience Beach at Jong-Dal Ri shows a low level of sustainability. In result, the ecotourism in itself is not sustainable tourism, and further this study suggests that appropriate planning, development, and management of a destination are important factors to decide the success of sustainable tourism.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.225-230
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore visitors' experiences based on two different types of ecological sites: natural and artificial ecological sites. Specifically, this study aimed to analyze the differences in the perceived experiences and satisfaction according to the perception of the visitors to the ecological sites. First, the analysis of measurement factors of visitor experience perception identified four factors such as ecological experience, environment friendliness, sociality, and relaxation. The comparison of perception according to the factor of visitor experience showed that there were significant differences between natural and artificial ecological sites and that the perceived visitor experience was generally higher in the natural ecological sites. The result of the analysis of the influence of the perceived visitor experience to ecological sites on visitor experience showed the relaxation had the largest influence for both natural and artificial ecological sites. The ecological experience and environmental friendliness also had a significant impact on visitor satisfaction in the natural ecological sites and artificial ecological sites, respectively. This paper also discussed the implications for planning and management issues at ecological sites.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.292-292
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• 2019

하구에 조성된 담수호 (estuarine reservoir)는 하천 출구점이 해양과 만나는 지점에 방조제 건설을 통해 형성되는 인공 호수이다. 방조제 건설과 함께 간척을 실시함에 따라 생성되는 토지를 농업용지로 활용하는 경우, 담수호는 농업수자원으로서 활용될 수 있으며 담수호의 수질 문제는 영농 활동에 중요한 요소로 작용하게 된다. 담수호의 수질을 관리는 크게 유역 대책과 호내 대책으로 나누어 이루어지고 있으며, 담수호 수질 관리 계획 수립에 앞서 담수호 수질 관리 방안에 따른 담수호 수질의 영향을 분석하는 것이 중요하다. 실제 다양한 유역 대책과 호내 대책을 적용하면서 그 효과를 검증하기에는 시간 및 경제적 한계성을 지니고 있으므로, 유역 및 호소 수질 모델링을 통한 수질 관리 시나리오별 담수호 수질 모의가 효율적이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 농업용수 목표수질인 IV등급을 상회하여 수질 관리를 위한 대책이 시급한 담수호를 대상으로 유역 및 호소 모의 모델을 연계하여 다양한 수질 관리 시나리오에 따른 호내 수질 모의 결과를 비교 검토하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 유역 모델은 최근에 개발된 SWAT Plus 모델로 기존의 SWAT 모델의 수문 해석 요소 중 일부를 알고리즘 개선한 것이 특징이다. 호소 모의 모델로는 3차원 수리 및 수질 해석에 많이 활용되고 있는 EFDC (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code) 모형을 이용하였다. 또한 두 모형을 연계 운영하여 모의의 정확도를 높이기 위한 매개변수 최적화를 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 수질 개선대책의 평가 및 추진가능성에 대한 분석을 수행하여, 정량적인 농업용수 수질 기준을 만족하기 위한 담수호 수질 최적관리방안을 도출하였다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.496-506
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• 2022

The growth of trees planted through transplantation rapidly decreases immediately after planting due to extreme disturbances such as root cutting and crown damage. Although the growth rate is recovered as time elapses, the time required to restore the original growth varies by species. Therefore, it is necessary to set an appropriate tree management period for survival after transplantation by analyzing each species' annual growth change. In this study, we analyzed the growth amount of deciduous broad-leaf species planted in the area where the riparian ecological belt was formed and proposed the management period based on the results. Slowed growth immediately after planting is a common phenomenon due to root cutting and pruning, the pre-works performed to increase tree survival rate during the transplantation process. Afterward, the original growth rate is recovered as time passes, but the time required may vary depending on the species and planting environment. Most of the trees showed a rapid decrease in growth immediately after transplantation. After that, although it is different for each species, most of them showed a gradual recovery from 2 years onwards. The analysis of the growth rate by tree species confirmed that it took 2 to 4 years, depending on the tree species, to recover the growth level before transplantation after a rapid decrease in growth immediately after transplantation. The results suggest that improving the defect rate of planted trees is necessary to meet the project objectives: ecological restoration and pollutant reduction. It requires setting a tree management period of at least two years and creating an appropriate base environment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.57-69
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• 2004

This study developed an ecological mapping technique with GIS database using the analyses of existing ecological survey reports and the change detection on the Nakdong river estuary. The data which are used to establish GIS DB include 2 Landsat TM images on Nov. 31, 1984 and May 17, 1997, 1:25,000 topographical maps established by National Geography Institution and various ecological survey reports published by Busan metropolitan city government. The details for producing ecological map are as follows. At first, the current methods of ecomapping efforts and previous ecological surveys of Nakdong river estuary were carefully examined. Secondly, the land cover maps were created from the classified Landsat images of 1984 and 1997 for the spatiotemporal ecosystem analysis. Thirdly, the ecosystem was evaluated by using GIS ecological database based on the criteria of botany, zoology and water quality etc. Each criteria was reclassified into 3 stages which describe the overall quality of ecological condition. At last, the comprehensive ecological map was suggested as a prototype of ecosystem assesment and management tool with the discussion of further study. The findings of this study would be a milestone for preserving and managing the ecosystem.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2019

DMZ 일원은 정전협정으로 비무장지대(DMZ: Demilitarized Zone)가 설정된 이래 민간인의 출입이 엄격히 금지된 채로 외부의 간섭에서 벗어난 독보적 공간으로 보전되어 오고 있다. 하지만 일부 지역은 자연재해 및 군사적 목적으로 훼손되어 생태적으로 교란된 지역이 발생하여 생태적 건강성이 저하되고 있다. 무엇보다 군사분계선 남쪽 2km에 설치된 남방한계선은 군사적 목적에 따라 시계확보를 위해 불모지작전을 수행하여 생태적 교란 및 토양침식에 의해 생태계가 열악한 실정이다. DMZ 내 생태교란지 식물복원 연구는 DMZ내 생태교란지를 하나의 특수한 생태계로 간주하여, 향후 DMZ내 생태교란지에 특화된 식생복원 체계를 마련하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 DMZ 155마일(248km)에 대해서 위성영상분석을 수행하여 생태교란지 유형화분류 연구를 수행하여 7개 유형(저지대초지, 서부저지대산지, 저습지 및 수공간 지역 등)으로 분류하였다. 또한 DMZ 생태교란지에 적합한 식물종 선정을 위하여 DMZ 전역을 대상으로 식물상 조사를 실시하여, 분포가 확인된 종을 대상으로 도입 가능종의 검토, 종자 수집 및 채종원 조성을 실시하였다. 추후 DMZ 생태교란지 식물복원에 적합한 공법연구를 수행하고자 한다. 시계확보를 위해 수행되는 불모지 작전에 적합한 종의 선정, 선정된 종을 대상으로 유사환경 조성에 따른 공법 적용, 적용된 공법에 따른 관리 방안 연구를 함께 수행하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 DMZ 일원에 특화된 공법개발이 이루어진다면 불모지 작전 및 관리 최소화가 이루어지고, 무엇보다 우리나라 종자 및 야생화 산업의 활성화와 현재 파편화 되어 있는 생태축이 하나의 축으로 연결 될 것이라고 기대해 본다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.503-515
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• 2023

The disconnection and fragmentation of ecological spaces that occur during the development process pose a significant threat to biodiversity. Urban center areas with high development pressure are particularly susceptible to low connectivity due to a scarcity of ecological space. This issue tends to be more pronounced in larger cities.To address this challenge, continuous efforts are needed to assess and improve the current state of ecological space connectivity at the level of individual projects and urban management. However, there is a lack of discussion regarding the analysis and improvement of ecological connectivity in metropolitan cities In line with this objective, this study evaluated the connectivity of ecological spaces in the city centers of Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon, and Ulsan. The evaluation revealed that city centers exhibited lower connectivity of ecological spaces compared to their peripheries or the overall city. In addition, in the ecological network analysis that reflected regional characteristics, such as the species distribution model conducted on Daejeon, 510 optimal paths connecting forests of more than 1ha were derived. This study is significant as an example of deriving an ecological network based on regional characteristics, including quantitative figures necessary for establishing goals to improve urban ecological connectivity and biodiversity. It is anticipated that the results can be utilized to propose directions for enhancing ecological connectivity in environmental impact assessments or urban management and to establish an evaluation framework.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.237-237
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• 2023

하천에 흐르는 유량을 활용하기 위한 인간의 요구는 끊임없이 증대되고 있으며, 댐 건설과 같은 대형 구조물의 건설은 인간의 수자원 이용에 대한 편의성을 증가시켜주었으나 본래 자연하천이 갖는 생태적 기능을 상실하게 만들고 다양한 생태 및 환경적 문제점을 초래하였다. 특히 유황의 변화는 수생태계의 구조와 기능에 커다란 변화를 야기하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 하천의 이·치수적 기능을 유지하면서 인간과 자연이 더불어 살 수 있는 친환경적인 하천 조성을 위해 적정량의 생태유량 산정 방안에 대해 분석하였다. 연구 대상유역은 댐 건설로 인해 유황변화가 발생하며, 하천유지유량이 고시된 낙동강 지류하천인 감천유역을 대상으로 하였다. 감천의 생태계에 필요한 생태유량 확보 방안 마련을 위해서 1) 생태계 필요유량의 산정, 2) 유역 물수지모형 구축, 3) 적정 생태유량의 공급 및 확보방안 시나리오 마련의 순서로 연구를 진행하였다. 첫 번째, 생태유량 산정을 위해 수문학적 방법과 서식처 모의 방법을 활용하였다. 수문학적 방법은 Tennant, Aquatic Base Flow (ABF) 및 Smakthin 방법으로 생태유량을 산정하였고, 서식처 모의 방법으로는 서식처 모의 모델 중 2차원 수리해석이 가능한 River 2D를 활용하여 대상어종의 생태유량을 산정하였다. 두 번째, 유역 물수지 분석을 위해 K-WEAP 모델을 활용하여 감천유역의 물수지 모형을 구축하였으며, 김천부항댐의 방류량과 감천유역 하류에 위치한 구미시(선주교)의 유량과 비교를 통해 물수지 모델 결과를 검증하였다. 마지막으로 여덟 가지 생태유량 공급 시나리오를 감천유역의 물수지 모형에 적용하여 생태유량의 확보 방안을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 하천 생태계의 건강성 유지를 위해서 필요한 생태유량을 다양한 학술적 방법으로 산정하여 연구 대상하천에 적용 가능성을 평가하였으며, 향후 생태유량을 보다 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한 산정된 생태유량을 확보하기 위한 물수지모델의 적용방안을 제시함으로써 하천 및 유역의 수자원관리에 방향을 제시하고자 하였다.