• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1193-1199
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• 2003

As a result of resistant starch yield depending on heating temperature, moisture content, storage temperature and heating-cooling cycle with RSM (response surface methodology), high amylose corn starch (46%) was appeared higher than normal corn starch in the yield (22%). At the high amylose corn starch, optimum conditions for resistant starch formation were 6 times of heating-cooling cycle, 108$^{\circ}C$ heating temperature and 67% moisture content at the 2$0^{\circ}C$ storage temperature, which resulted in 25% yield with these experiment conditions. Affecting factor for the resistant starch formation was arranged according to heating -cooling cycle, moisture content, heating temperature and storage temperature. Raw corn starch granule was destructive and appeared a porous reticular structure by the resistant starch formation. Color became dark and increased yellowness by caramelization during heating processing. Heating-cooling processing was the result of decreased hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and gumminess.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.497-504
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• 2013

This research uses numerical analysis to examine the tunnel portal landscape affecting the brightness level of interior lighting when designing lights for road tunnels through the L20 method. In order to extract the brightness recognition per form of a tunnel entrance and to evaluate the effects of the characteristics of the materials of facilities near a tunnel portal, brightness analysis was conducted by filming brightness on a video photometer called Hi-land Elf System, and a surface brightness photometer called LMK Mobile Advanced. Tunnels in Korea are mostly distributed in mountain areas; thus, the ratio occupied by the sky, which has the highest brightness within the angle of L20, is close to zero, while most of the ratio was occupied by brightness by the area near the tunnel entrance or road surface. However, for a tunnel portal retaing wall, which allows the width of a tunnel entrance to seem wider within the L20 angle, appeared to be have higher brightness compared to nearby areas or the surface, which is an element increasing the tunnel portal brightness within the tunnel, and the road facilities near the tunnel portal appeared to have an effect on the brightness as well. Thus, when designing tunnel lights based on brightness, the form of the tunnel entrance and the area width, material, and color of areas near the tunnel portal appeared to affect outside brightness and become an element affecting the establishment of the brightness level of the interior lights of tunnels. Consequently, reviewing such matters is a prerequisite when designing tunnel portal landscape.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

A new colorimetric test ($Cariview^{(R)}$) using a new type of pH indicator can reflect the acidogenic potential of plaque bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between $Cariview^{(R)}$ and the caries experience (measured through the dmft index) of children, and to compare $Cariview^{(R)}$ with Dentocult $SM^{(R)}$. Having obtained informed consent, 135 children less than 6 years old participated in the study. We examined their dmft index, and performed two caries activity tests ($Cariview^{(R)}$ and Dentocult $SM^{(R)}$) according to the manufacturers' instructions. In the results, $Cariview^{(R)}$ showed a moderate correlation with the dmft index (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). $Cariview^{(R)}$ showed a sensitivity of 68.8%, a specificity of 69.2%, and an area under curve of 0.686 in the ROC curve analysis. $Cariview^{(R)}$ had a significant correlation with the children's caries experience and had a slightly better explanatory ability than Dentocult $SM^{(R)}$. Furthermore, $Cariview^{(R)}$ was convenient and easy to use on uncooperative children, and also had an educational effect with its visual colors. It is suggested that $Cariview^{(R)}$ could be used clinically to identify the children susceptible to develop caries and to establish a preventive strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.845-848
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• 2013

Due to intense climate changes and extreme weather conditions a noticeable decrease has been observed in the growth of certain plants. The indoor plant factories would have certain benefits including increase in crop yield, reduction in distribution cost, and maintains the healthy freshness level of the agricultural product. Recently, an artificial light source with optimum wavelength is spot lighted to fulfill the need of light for the indoor plant factories. The energy efficient light emitting diodes (LED) provide the essential light energy for the proper growth of indoor cultivated plants. This work focuses to utilize ubiquitous sensors network(USN) in providing suitable environment for the proper growth of agricultural product inside the indoor plant factory. The proposed system makes use of sensors and actuators, communicating each other through WPAN, ZigBee network. The proposed system obscured the traditional indoor plant factories with easy installation and wireless connectivity of the sensors and actuators along with eliminating the web of wires reducing the initial installation and maintenance cost.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.907-914
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• 1996

To enhance the shelf-life and quality of baechu kimchi, the effects of CSP(crab shell powder) addition to kimchi was investigated. Overall qualities were deteriorated by fish odor, chewiness of particles, sharp pH increase at the early fermentation stage; therefore in order to solve these problems kimchi fermentation was carried out with kimchi containing 1, 3, 5% CSPB for salted baech weight at $10^{\circ}C$ for 300ays. Quality of kimchi was evalutated by the measurement of pH, acidity, colour L, a, and b value, the number of microbe and lactic acid bacteria, texture. Ten highly trained panelists were involved in the sensory evaluation. During the entire fermentation periods, pH, hardness, colour L, a and b value, the number of lactic acid bacteria of kimchi with CSPB were higher than those of control, but acidity was lower. Sensory quality showed that sour taste of control at 15-day fermentation was already strong. However, sour taste, crispness taste, and overall taste of kimchi with CSPB untill 20-day fermentation were good. Especially, overall taste of kimchi containing 3% CSPB at 30-day fermentation was good, but that of kimchi containing 5% showed fish odor from the early periods of fermentation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.50-58
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a color transient improvement (CTI) algorithm based on image fusion to improve the color transient in the television(TV) receiver or in the MPEG decoder. Video image signals are composed of one luminance and two chrominance components, and the chrominance signals have been more band-limited than the luminance signals since the human eyes usually cannot perceive changes in chrominance over small areas. However, nowadays, as the advanced media like high-definition TV(HDTV) is developed, the blurring of color is perceived visually and affects the image quality. The proposed CTI method improves the transient of chrominance signals by exploiting the high-frequency information of the luminance signal. The high-frequency component extracted from the luminance signal is modified by spatially adaptive weights and added to the input chrominance signals. The spatially adaptive weight is estimated to minimize the ${\iota}_2-norm$ of the error between the original and the estimated chrominance signals in a local window. Experimental results with various test images show that the proposed algorithm produces steep and natural color edge transition and the proposed method outperforms conventional algorithms in terms of both visual and numerical criteria.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2003

pH value of sampled fogwater at source regions (above highway and road) in Yongin sites showed the lowest value and was increased after passing the forest stands. Changes of ion concentrations through the forest stands showed a lowering tendency at sampling sites. The fogwater passing the forest stands (Quercus mangolica and Pinus rigida) surrendered acid pollutants to crown and stem from the atmosphere. It was concluded that environmental moisture in the atmosphere is acidified in fogwater. The influence was extended to the pure zone, and the frequency of acid rain has increased. The forests are assumed to remove air pollutants because ion concentrations in fogwater decreased after passing the forests. The fogwater which functions as a local sink for pollutants (H$_2$SO$_4$, HNO$_3$, etc.) falling on plant surfaces is considered to effectively remove acid pollutants. But if the deposition of pollutants exceeds the capacity of purification, it would damage the forest ecosystem. Further investigation is necessary to identify tree species tolerant to acid pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 2003

In this study, the vertical opening of the non-float midwater pair trawl net was maintained by controlling the length of upper warp. This was because the head rope was able to be kept linearly and the working depth was not nearly as changed with the variation of flow speed as former experiments in this series of studies have demonstrated. We confirmed that the opening efficiency of the non-float midwater pair trawl net was able to be developed according to the increase in front weight and wing-end weight. In this study, we described the opening efficiency of the non-float midwater pair trawl net according to the variation of front weight and wing-end weight obtained by model experiment in circulation water channel. We compared the opening efficiency of the proto type with that of the non-float type. The results obtained can be summarized as follows：1. The hydrodynamic resistance was almost increased linearly in proportion to the flow speed and was increased in accordance with the increase in front weight and wing-end weight. The increasing rate of hydrodynamic resistance was displayed as an increasing tendency in accordance with the increase in flow speed. 2. The net height of the non-float type was almost decreased linearly in accordance with the increase in flow speed. As the reduced rate of the net height of the non-float type was smaller than that of the net height of the proto type against increase of flow speed, the net height of the non-float type was bigger than that of the proto type over 4.0 knot. The net width of the non-float type was about 10 m bigger than that of the proto type and the change rate of net width varied by no more than 2 m according to the variation of the front weight and wing-end weight. 3. The mouth area of the non-float type was maximized at 1.75 ton of the front weight and 1.11 ton of the wing-end weight, and was smaller than that of the proto type at 2.0∼3.0 knot, but was bigger than that of the proto type at 4.0∼5.0 knot. 4. The filtering volume was maximized at 3.0 knot in the proto type and at 4.0 knot in the non-float type. The optimal front weight was 1.40 ton.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1332-1344
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• 2004

Upon development of information super-highway and multimedia-related technoiogies in recent years, more efficient technologies to transmit, store and retrieve the multimedia data are required. Among such technologies, firstly, it is common that the semantic-based image retrieval is annotated separately in order to give certain meanings to the image data and the low-level property information that include information about color, texture, and shape Despite the fact that the semantic-based information retrieval has been made by utilizing such vocabulary dictionary as the key words that given, however it brings about a problem that has not yet freed from the limit of the existing keyword-based text information retrieval. The second problem is that it reveals a decreased retrieval performance in the content-based image retrieval system, and is difficult to separate the object from the image that has complex background, and also is difficult to extract an area due to excessive division of those regions. Further, it is difficult to separate the objects from the image that possesses multiple objects in complex scene. To solve the problems, in this paper, I established a content-based retrieval system that can be processed in 5 different steps. The most critical process of those 5 steps is that among RGB images, the one that has the largest and the smallest background are to be extracted. Particularly. I propose the method that extracts the subject as well as the background by using an Image, which has the largest background. Also, to solve the second problem, I propose the method in which multiple objects are separated using RGB channel selection techniques having optimized the excessive division of area by utilizing Watermerge's threshold value with the object separation using the method of RGB channels separation. The tests proved that the methods proposed by me were superior to the existing methods in terms of retrieval performances insomuch as to replace those methods that developed for the purpose of retrieving those complex objects that used to be difficult to retrieve up until now.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1962

10두(頭)의 홀스타인 자우(仔牛)에 glucagon, insulin 등 홀몬과 reserpine 및 nicotine을 투여(投與)하여 그들이 췌장(膵臟)의 Langerhans 도서(島嶼)에 미치는 세포학적(細胞學的) 영향을 전자현미경(電子顯微鏡)에 의해서 연구하는 도중 거대(巨大)한 크기의 도서(島嶼)를 관찰하였다. 이 거대도서(巨大島嶼)들은 상기(上記)한 약품투여에 영향을 받지 않으며 거의 beta 세포(細胞)들로만 되어 있으므로 보통 크기의 도서(島嶼)들과의 혼동을 피하기 위하여서는 그 분포상태(分布狀態)와 세포학적(細胞學的) 및 조직학적(組織學的) 특징(特徵)을 구명(究明)하는 것이 필요하게 되어 본연구(本硏究)에 착수하였든 것이며 아울러 췌장(膵臟) 각부분(各部分)에 함유되는 Langerhans 도서수(島嶼數)의 평균치(平均値)를 산출(算出)하였다. Langerhans 도서(島嶼)는 편의상 그 크기에 따라서 직경(直徑) $200{\mu}$이하(以下)의 것을 "Regular islets" $200{\sim}500{\mu}$까지의 것을 "Intermediate islets" 그리고 $500{\mu}$ 이상(以上)의 것을 "Giant islets"라 이름지어서 구별하였다. 지금까지 알려진 최대(最大)의 도서(島嶼)는 개에서 관찰된 $333{\mu}$의 도서(島嶼)이었는데 필자는 본연구(本硏究)에서 직경 $1.395{\mu}$에 달하는 것과 기리 $2,700{\mu}$에 달하는 거대(巨大)한 도서(島嶼)들을 관찰하였다. 본연구(本硏究)의 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 자우췌장(仔牛膵腸) 50평방(平方)mm 면적(面積)내에 함유되는 Langerhans 도서(島嶼)의 수(數)는 평균(平均) 191개로서 다른 연구자에 의해서 보고된 수치(數値)보다 훨씬 많은 것이었다. 2. 거대도서(巨大島嶼)의 크기는 직경(直徑) $200{\sim}1,400{\mu}$이며 그 분포상태(分布狀態)는 보통 크기의 도서(島嶼)와 마찬가지로 췌장(膵臟)의 십이지장부(十二指腸部) 중간부(中間部) 및 췌장부(膵臟部)의 순서(順序)로 많이 함유되고 있다. 즉 십이지장부(十二指腸部)에는 2% 중간부(中間部) 1.8% 췌장부(膵臟部)에는 0.8%의 거대도서(巨大島嶼)가 함유되어 있으며 직경(直徑) $200{\mu}$이상(以上)의 도서평균치(島嶼平均値)는 1.53%이었다. 3. 중간대(中間大)의 도서(島嶼)와 거대도서(巨大島嶼)들은 거의 beta 세포(細胞)들로서만 되어있음으로 "중간대(中間大) beta 도서(島嶼)" 및 "거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)"라고 각 각 명명하였으며 alpha세포(細胞)들이 있는 경우에는 작은 세포집합체(細胞集合體)를 이루고 도서전반(島嶼全般)에 걸쳐서 산재(散在)한다. 4. 췌장(膵臟)에 함유되고 있는 거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)의 수(數)는 적지마는 보통 크기의 도서(島嶼)와 비교할때 그 용량(容量)은 막대한 것이며 따라서 insulin 분비량(分泌量)도 많을것이므로 우췌장(牛膵臟)의 insulin 분비(分泌)를 연구할 때에는 반듯이 이 사실(事實)을 고려해야 할 것이다. 5. 불규칙한 색상(索狀)의 실질세포(實質細胞)들로된 거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)에는 간질결합조직(間質結合組織)이 풍부하며 그 간질(間質) 속에는 비교적 큰 혈관(血管)과 개재관양(介在管樣) 구조물(構造物)이 들어있다. 거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)는 출생(出生)후 도서내외(島嶼內外)에 산재(散在)하고 있는 외분비도관세포(外分泌導管細胞)들의 증식(增殖)에 의해서 발생(發生)하며 그 크기도 증대(增大)하는 것으로 믿어진다. 6. 거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)의 beta 세포(細胞)들은 현저한 Golgi 장치(裝置)와 비대(肥大)한 핵소체(核小體) 및 포상핵(胞狀核)등의 세포학적(細胞學的) 특징을 가지며 이것은 거대(巨大) beta 도서(島嶼)가 보통 크기의 Langerhans 도서(島嶼)에 비하여 더 활발하게 insulin을 분비(分泌)한다는 것을 시사(示唆)하는 것이다.