• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1988

The degermed Japonica and J/Indica brown rites were successively milled to give 4.4%(fraction I), 4.7%(fraction II) and 5.9%(fraction III) yield of flour, with the remaining as residual kernel. The amino acid composition of the protein in the milled fractions was similar, except serine and histidine. With some amino acids, particularly phenylalanie, glycine and isoleucine, differences among varieties were much greater than among fractions of the same rice. The content of lysine was the highest in fractions I and II, whereas isoleucine showed the opposite trend to lysine. The first and second limiting amino acids of all fractions were lysine and threonine, respectively. No varietal differences in the distribution of fatty acids within the kernel were observed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 1995

The acidic amino acids, aspartate and glutamate, which have a negative charge in physiological pH, possess the same transport system as neutral amino acids according to the competitive inhibitory studies with the neutral amino acids. The neutral amino acids cotransported with one H+ per molecule, and one K+efflux per one molecule for charge compensation (Cho,1994), but the acidic amino acids cotransported with two H+ per one molecule, and one K+ efflux per one molecule. The active transport system, which possess the same carrier but cotransported with the different number of H+, reported for the first time. from the results, we can see that one of cotransported H+ protonated at first carboxyl group of pK$_3$ of acidic amino acids, and then as a neutral form cotransported with H+ Therefore, Brassica possess two amino acids transport system for 20 amino acids, namely general - and basic amino acids transport system. The evolutionary meaning of amino acid carriers described with other reported plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.421-426
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• 1984

Mean values for the fasting serum levels of the individual amino acids are given for 34 adult males and 35 adult females, ranging in age from 20 to 39 years. Threonine plus glutamine, alanine and lysine accounted for about 40% of total amino acids, and total essential amino acids was significantly lower than total nonessential amino acids. There were highly significant differences between men and women in the mean serum amino acid levels. Men had significantly .higher levels than women for most of the amino acids except lysine and histidine. Total essential amino acids, and the molar ratios of total essential to total nonessential amino acids and total amino acids showed significantly higher levels in men than in women. The molar ratios of each essential amino acid to total essential amino acids were also examined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1999

The antioxidative effects of phenolic acids extracts from defatted sesame meal were investigated on the soybean oil. The free, ester and insoluble bound phenolic acids in the extracts from defatted sesame meal were isolated and their antioxidative activities were evaluated with commercial synthetic antioxidants such as BHA, AP and TBHQ. The patterns of these extracts were compared by using gas chromatography. Ether extracts from the defatted sesame meal showed a higher antioxidative effectiveness than BHA and AP. Among phenolic extracts, free phenolic acid and soluble phenolic acid ester were found most effective in the sesame meal. Each phenolic extract was confirmed to be composed of six or three individual compounds.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 1977

Eight kinds of foreign wheat were used for the assessment of milling quality, and the following results were obtained. (1) Straight and patent flour extractions were, $3{\sim}5%$ and $8{\sim}11%$ lower in Australian wheat than American & Canadian wheats, respectively. (2) There were no significant differences in clear flour extraction between the clases of wheat. (3) Flour extraction from impact finisher was $5{\sim}6%$ higher in Australian wheat than American and Canadian wheats. (4) Shorts yields were $6{\sim}8%$ in American and Canadian wheats and $14{\sim}16%$ in Australian wheat. (5) Bran yields were $2{\sim}6%$ lower in Australian wheat than American and Canadian wheats.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.517-521
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the presevative effect of chitosan on soybean leaf kimchi. Three different kinds of chitosan, molecular weihts(M.W) of 2,000, 30,000 and 300,000, were used. Kimchi, prepared by adding chitosan in 0.5% solution or control, was examined for evaluation of pH, acidity, vitamin C and number of Lactic acid bacteria during fermentation at 10$^{\circ}C$ for 20 days. As a result, the pH decreased and acidity increased with increasing fermentation periods. Kimchi with chitosan of M.W 30,000 showed Bower pH, higher acidity, more consitutional vitamin C content, and lower number of tactic acid bacteria than any other treatment. This results suggest that chitosan of M.W 30,000 could be more effective material in presenation of soybean leaf kimchi.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the synergistic effect of chitosan and sorbic acid as a new food preservative. So it was performed to investigate inhibitory effect on growh of E. coli 0157:H7, gram negative pathogenic food borne disease bacteria and of S. aureus, gram positive food borne disease bacteria in chitosan, sorbic acid and combination of chitosan and sorbic acid. Minimun Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of chitosan in E. coli 0157:H7 was 500 ppm at pH 5.0, 250 ppm at pH 5.5, 500 ppm at pH 6.0, and 2000 ppm at pH 6.5, while in Staph. aureus 31.25 ppm at pH 5.0 and 62. 5 ppm at more than pH 5.5. also, MIC of sorbic acid in E. coli 0157:H7 was 500 ppm at pH 5.0, 1500 ppm at pH 5.5, and 2000 ppm at more than pH 6.0, while in Staph. aureus 1500 ppm at pH 5.0 and more than 2000 ppm at more than pH 5.5. Due to the effect of pH in E. coli 0157:H7, MIC of combined chitosan and sorbic acid was 500 ppm of chitosan with 500 ppm of sorbic acid at pH 6.5, but 250 ppm of chitosan with 31.3 ppm of sorbic acid at pH 5.0. In Staph. aureus, there was great effect of chitosan, but neither effect of pH nor sorbic acid. When E. coli 0157:H7 were treated with 500 ppm of chitosan with 500 ppm of sorbic acid and 250 ppm of chitosan with 250 ppm of sorbic acid at pH 6.5, they were inhibited. But, they were increased at the initial concentration of bacteria at 1000 ppm of chitosan in 18 hours, at 500 ppm of chitosan in 36 hours. There was no effect of growth inhibition with sorbic acid but great effect with chitosan on Staph. aureus. The correl~tions between MICs of chitosan and sorbic acid in E. coli 0157:H7 accoding to pH were higher than those in Staph. aureus. R values in E. coli 0157:H7 were 0.95 (p<0.01), 0.99 (p<0.01), 0.97 (p<0.01), and 0.99 (p<0.01) at pH 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, and 5.0 respectively. The synergistic effect of chitosan and sorbic acid in E. coli 0157:H7 could be confirmed from the result of this experiment. Therefore, it was expected that the food preservation would increase or maintain by using sorble acid together with chitosan, natural food additive that did no harm to human body.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 1986

The muscles of wild and cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, were analyzed for the protein composition and amino acid profile. The differences of the subunit distribution for the sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins were discussed with sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) polyacryamide gel electrophoresis. The muscle protein in wild eel was composed of $30.78\%$ of sarcoplasmic, $59.02\%$ of myofibrillar, $9.73\%$ of residual intracellular and $2.47\%$ of stroma fraction. That in cultured eel was composed of $31.81\%,\;58.37\%,\;8.16\%\;and\;1.80%$, respectively, The sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins were composed of 16 and 14 subunits in wild eel, and 22 and 15 subunts in cured eel. The sarcoplasmic protein between wild and cultured muscles showed a similar trend in the subunits, except a few subunits such as 36,500, 46,000, 58,500, 75,000, 170,000 and 235,000 daltons in cultured eel. Only the existence of 45,000 dalton subunit was the difference between wild and cultured eel in myofibrillar protein. The distribution patterns of total amino acid in muscles of wild and cultured eel were found to be very similar trend, although glycine content in wild eel was slightly higher than that in cultured one.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 1987

This study was conducted to investigate the presence of biologically active substances such as phenolic acids, fatty acids and organic acids in the medical plants like Kalopanax pictum and Acanthopanacis cortex. Alcohol extracts of K. pictum and A. cortex showed complete inhibition of lettuce seed germination, indicating that these plants contained the biologically active substances. Eleven phenolic acids including protocatechuic acid were identified from K. pictum and A. cortex by GLC, and the contents of total phenolic acid were 1.7917mg/g in K. pictum, and 0.9567mg/g in A. cortex. Polyphenols such as neochlorogenic acid, chi orogenic acid, scopoletin, rutin and kaempferolglycoside which were not detected by GLC were anayzed by HPLC, and among phenolic acids indentified chi orogenic acid seemed to be the major acid in both K. pictum and A. cortex presented in amount of 23.7 and 13.0ppm, respectively. K. pictum contained 5.26mg/g of fatty acids and 27.69mg/g of organic acids, and A. cortex possessed 3.22mg/g of fatty acids and 9.80mg/g of organic acids, linoleic and oxalic acid appeared to be the major fatty and organic acids, representing more than 50% of total fatty acids and 80% of total organic acids.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2003

This study was carried out to compare the biological activities of Epjmedium koreanum Nakai grown wild in Korea and China. The antioxidative effect of E. koreanum Nakai-extracts grown wild in Gangwondo was 78%, which was higher than that in China as 71%. The inhibition ratio of growing cancer cells was estimated as 89, 91 and 86% for human liver, lung and breast cancer cell lines, respectively in adding 0.1 g/l of ethanol extracts of E. koreanum grown in Korea. The hepatoprotective effect and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibiting effect of Korean one were also observed as 124 and 87%, respectively, which were also higher than those produced in China. There was not much difference between Korean and Chinese one in inhibiting ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activities in all ranges of supplement. It was proved that most effective extraction solvent was mixed type as water and ethanol (1:1, v/v) to have higher biological activities from both Korean and Chinese ones.