• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 1997

This investigation was conducted to provide information for characteristics of environmental pollution by the heavy metals from the abandoned gold mine in order to characterize the distribution patterns and environmental damages of the contaminants to the surrounding environment. Through analysis of CN, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, and Hg in a mine tailings, paddy soils, and stream sediments, the physico-chemical properties of the mine tailings and paddy soils were measured. The pH's were 5.4, 8.4 for the paddy soil and mine tailing, respectively. The maximum contents of CN, Pb, Cd, and As the in mine tailing were 99.98, 1,752.72, 31.88, and 298.50 mg/kg, respectively. The amounts of these ions were higher than the standard level of industrial area in Korea. The average content of CN and heavy metals in the paddy soils were higher than the background level of heavy metals in the unpolluted paddy soils around the mine. Especially, the contents of heavy metals in the paddy soils along the adjacent stream were higher compared to the paddy soil that was not influenced by the mine tailings. The contents of CN and heavy metals in the stream sediment close to the mine area were similar to those of the mine tailings, but decreased along the distance of the stream farther away from the tailings that was the source of these pollutants.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.195-203
• /
• 2012

The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation from the aerial part of erect bur-marigold (Bidens tripartita L.), one of the noxious weed in paddy field. The composition of the essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The fragrance of the essential oil was green, herbal, oily, spicy. There were 42 constituents in the essential oil：17 hydrocarbons, 6 alcohols, 6 acetates, 5 N-containing compounds, 3 ethers, 3 ketones, 1 lactone and 1 S-containing compound. Major constituents were ${\alpha}$-phellandrene (22.50%), ${\alpha}$-pinene (22.21%), 2,4-dimethyl (2,5-dimethylphenyl) methyl ester benzoic acid (15.11%), limonene (10.66%), ${\beta}$-pinene (35.43%), and ${\beta}$-cubebene (5.27%). The $IC_{50}$ value in MTT assay using HaCaT keratinocyte cell line was 0.018%. However, attachment of patch with 0.1% of the erect bur-marigold essential oil for 24 hr did not show any skin toxicity. Overall results of this study suggest that the essential oil of erect bur-marigold could be used as a source for the development of perfumery industrial products.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.541-552
• /
• 2018

As the use of wood pellets increases, there is an increasing interest in the safety of the wood pellets themselves to avoid physical and chemical damage to people and the environment. This study investigated the contents of nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, and cesium in wood pellets distributed in Korea as a preliminary survey for establishing safety evaluation standards for wood pellets. Nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and heavy metal contents of wood pellets produced in Korea met the specification for the 1st grade of wood pellets determined by the National Institute of Forest Science and the specification for the commercial and residential wood pellets of A1 grade determined by the ISO and the evaluation standards for wood pellet safety determined by the Korean Forest Service. However, among imported wood pellets, some wood pellets contained nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and heavy metal exceeding the safety evaluation standards. Cesium radioactivity was not detected in domestic wood pellets. Cesium radioactivity was detected from wood pellets imported from Japan, but it was below the limits specified in the wood pellet safety evaluation standards. In conclusion, by establishing safety standards for wood pellets, we believe that safe wood pellets will be used.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.372-378
• /
• 2020

Drones, which show strong growth in the fourth industry, are commonly used for disaster response. In the event of an actual disaster, local governments should carry out 13 cooperative functions to respond to the disaster, but there are difficulties in collecting on-site information in places where it is difficult for people to access or grasp the situation. Based on the 13 collaborative functions that are essential for operations in the event of a disaster, a utilization plan of highly utilized drones was derived. Through the analysis of overseas cases and drone utilization by each department, a total of 10 out of 13 collaborative functions of the Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters (disaster situation management, emergency life safety support, emergency recovery, disaster resource support, traffic measures, medical and quarantine services, disaster site environment maintenance, social order maintenance, search, rescue, and emergency) were derived. These results can enhance the efficiency of the disaster response by presenting a plan to utilize drone images for each function.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2011

The term 'green' has become an important way of survival for the construction industry in 21th century in accordance with the emergence of the environmental crisis due to the climatic change. Especially the policy of carbon taxation, planed to be introduced from 2012, is expected to be a considerable burden to the construction industry which has abundant carbon emission during the resource transportation due to the complexity of resources and local distribution of the construction sites. In this regard, this study shows an optimizing strategy for delivery frequency, which downsizes the net distribution costs based on the assumption that, despite of its other advantagements, the frequent small lot mode of JIT delivery would take negative effects due to the increase of costs of transportation and carbon emission once the carbon taxation policy carried out. To simulate the efficiency of the management strategies, the System Dynamics modeling has been used. The results show that the frequent small lot transportation strategy is now always efficient method to these changes, and that the frequency of transportation should be re-determinated according to the extent of the imposition of carbon tax. This study provides the conceptual frame for an efficient management of transportation system of the construction industry, showing necessity of change of the resource transportation systems through analysing JIT deliver system in accordance with the global changes in environmental economy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.352-362
• /
• 2016

Today, it appears that the rapid advances in technology have allowed broadening both the system technology and the business opportunities in the rail industry. Owing to the developments in technology and the industry, and also due to the hearth, the latest high-speed trains and a variety of unattended operations in rail systems are being developed and are operational. In particular, this study covers the existing railway rolling stock and signaling systems that operate in an environment more complex than the concept of localized management, so the introduction of a new signaling system is needed. In addition, developments based on the existing signal system concepts for passenger railways need to minimize human injury. In this study, to participate in the development of new systems in a variety of domains and to provide an integrated common vision methodology as an engineer on the basis of efficient signal system design and safety would like to present the methodology for action. Therefore, each different linkage through the next new domain zone system design: design through to secure the integrity of safety than can secure methodology.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 2006

Phytoremediation is an economical and environmentally friendly bioremediation technique using plants which can increase the microbial population in soil. Unlike other pollutants such as heavy metals, poly-chlorinated biphenyl, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene and so on, petroleum hydrocarbons are relatively easily degradable by soil microbes. For successful phytoremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, it is important to select plants with high removal efficiency through microbial degradation. In this study, we clarified the roles of plants and rhizobacteria and identified their species effective on phytore-mediation by reviewing the papers previously reported. Plants and rhizobacteria can degrade and remove the petroleum hydrocarbons directly and indirectly by stimulating each other's degradation activity. The preferred plant species are alfalfa, ryegrass, tall fescue, poplar, corn, etc. The microorganisms with a potential to degrade hydrocarbons mostly belong to Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., and Alcaligenes spp. It has been reported that the elimination efficiency of hydrocarbons by soil microorganisms can be improved when plants were simultaneously applied. For more efficient restoration, it's necessary to understand the plant-rhizobacteria interaction and to select the suitable plant and microorganism species.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.926-929
• /
• 2007

방수로는 홍수 피해 경감을 사용되는 구조적 대책으로 최근 국내에서 널리 계획되고 있다. 이러한 방수로는 보통 횡월류위어 등으로 대표되는 유입부 구조물을 통하여 하천 본류와 연결되지만, 평상시에도 본류의 유량을 일부 분담하는 형태로 설계되는 젖은 하도(wet channel) 형태의 방수로는 별도의 유입부 구조물을 설치하지 않고 바로 본류에 연결되는 것이 일반적이다. 유입부 구조물을 통해 연결되는 방수로의 특성은 유입부 구조물의 수리학적인 특성에 의해서 많이 좌우된다. 이에 반해 젖은 하도 형태로 본류에서 바로 분기되는 방수로는 그 특성이 방수로의 폭(W), 방수로 분류각$(\theta)$등에 의해서 많이 좌우되며, 만약 설계된 방수로의 횡단면 형상이 사다리꼴 또는 직사각형 단면을 따른다면 이러한 흐름은 "제한 영마루고 횡월류위어 흐름(restricted zero-height side weir flow)"으로 분류할 수 있다. 이러한 조건에서의 흐름은 일반적인 횡월류위어 흐름과 많이 다른 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 방수로 폭 및 분류각을 변화시켜 방수로 분류 조건을 다양하게 구현하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 특히 분류각 변화에 따른 유량계수의 변화를 분석, 검토하였다. 또한 측정된 방류량을 기준으로 산정된 유량계수를 기존 연구자들이 제시한 영마루고(zero-height) 횡월류위어 유량계수 산정식에 의해 산정된 결과와 비교하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 분류각이 90도인 경우 본류 프루드수의 증가에 따라 유량계수가 점차 감소하였으나, 분류각이 90도 보다 작은 경우에는 본류 프루드수가 증가함에 따라 유량계수가 점차 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 한계를 만족시킬 입체 영상) 입체영상은 영화에서 시작되었으나, 20c후반기에 들어서면서 애니메이션 분야와 모바일, 광고 패널, 텔레비전등의 매체를 이용한 입체 영상의 개발로 인하여 특정 분야에 한정 시킬 수 없으므로 영상으로 칭한다. 입체 영상은 21c에 들어서면서 영상매체의 한 분야로 급부상하고 있다. 1900년 무렵부터 연구된 입체영화(3-Dimensional motion Picture)는 In여 년이 지난 지금 대중화를 눈앞에 두고 있다. 국내에서는 놀이 동산이나 박물관등에서 흔히 볼 수 있다. 하지만 앞으로는 HDW등의 대중화로 화질의 발전을 이룬 텔레비전 분야 등에서 실용화 될 전망이다. 국제적인 흐름과 함께 국내에서도 입체 영화에 대한 연구가 활성화 되어 영상산업의 한 주류로서 대두되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 입체영상에 대한 이해와 콘텐츠(Contents)의 개발은 기술적인 진보에 발맞추어 준비되어야 한다. 본 논문은 이러한 기술적인 계보에 발맞춘 영상 콘텐츠 개발에 박차를 가하고자 앞으로의 발전분야에 대한 기술적인 면과 기법적인 면을 제시하여 기술만 앞서고 내용은 수입하는 수입국이기 보다는 미리 준비하여 비전문가나 타국의 기술에 선점 당하지 않는 분야로 성장할 수 있는 진보적인 영상 인들의 관심과 지속적인 연구를 독려하고자 한다.시민의 휴식 및 여가선용 공간으로 활용하기 위한 사업의 기초자료로 활용되며 이미 설계검토가 시작되었다. 본 연구결과는 유수지 및 저수지의 환경개선 사업의 선두적인 성공사례로 국내 타 지역의 유사한 사업에 있어 벤치마킹을 할 수 있는 훌륭한 사례가 될 것이다.요 생산이 증가하자 군신의 변별(辨別)과 사치를 이유로 강력하게 규제하여 백

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2019

Trametes hirsuta, a white rot fungus, exhibits the ability to degrade synthetic aromatic dyes such as congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), and remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR). The mycelia of T. hirsuta degraded RBBR and CR more efficiently than CV and MB in the PDB liquid medium (supplemented with 0.01% 4 aromatic dyes). In these mycelia the activities of three ligninolytic enzymes-laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP)-were observed. Among these, laccase was identified to be the major enzyme responsible for the degradation of the four aromatic dyes. The degradation of bisphenol A was also investigated by culturing the mycelia of T. hirsuta in YMG medium supplemented with 100 ppm bisphenol A. The mycelia of T. hirsuta were found to degrade bisphenol A by 71.3, 95.3, and 100 % within incubation periods of 12, 24, and 36 hr, respectively. These mycelia also showed ligninolytic enzyme-like activities including those similar to laccase, MnP, and LiP. Therefore, these results indicate that T. hirsuta could emerge as a potential tool for the remediation of environmental contamination by aromatic dyes and bisphenol A.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2001

To investigate the effects of waste sludge from antibiotic fermentation on the growth of young radish and chemical properties of soil, five levels of fertilizer, control (recommended fertilizer, $N-P_2O_5-K_2O=160-59-104$ kg/ha), AS(control + sludge 1,000 kg/ha), AC(control + conventional compost 1,000 kg/ha), SNS(control - subtracting 30% N of sludge + sludge 1,000 kg/ha) and SNC(control - subtracting 30% N of conventional compost + conventional compost 1,000 kg/ha) were applied and radish was grown twice with same treatments on May and August in 1998. Germination rate and early growth of young radish grown with AS and SNS were lower than those grown in control and with AC, SNC. This negative effects by adding the sludge in the early growth seemed to be caused by damage of ammonia gas released during degradation of the sludge in soil. However, yield of young radish showed no significant difference among all the treatments including the AS and SNS at the 1st and 2nd experiment, and these suggested that the latter half of growth of young radish was accelerated by adding the sludge. Contents of T-N in young radish and inorganic N in soil showed a tendency to increase by adding the sludge while antibiotic substance, cephalosporin-C, was not detected in plant material and soils after harvest of young radish in both experiments. Consequently, waste sludge from antibiotic fermentation, which contains high levels of organic matter and nitrogen could be used as an useful resource in agriculture.