• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.3A
• /
• pp.321-327
• /
• 2006

In this paper, when a H-polarized plane wave is incident on the grating consisting of uniform resistive strips, electromagnetic scattering is analyzed using the moment of methods (MoM). The current density of each resistive strip on a grounded dielectric plane is fixed by zero at both edges. To satisfy the condition at both ends of each resistive strip, the induced surface current density is expanded in a series of cosine and sine functions. The scattered electromagnetic fields are expanded in a series of floquet mode functions. The boundary conditions are applied to obtain the unknown current coefficients. According to the variation of the involving parameters such as strip width and spacing and angle of the incident field, numerical simulations are performed by applying the Fourier-Galerkin moment method. The numerical results of the normalized reflected power for resistive strips case for zero and several resistivities are obtained.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.18-27
• /
• 2015

Since a Compton camera has high detection sensitivity due to electronic collimation and a good energy resolution, it is a potential imaging system for nuclear medicine. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a Compton camera for multi-tracer imaging and proposed a rotating Compton camera to satisfy Orlov's condition for 3D imaging. Two software phantoms of 140 and 511 keV radiation sources were used for Monte-Carlo simulation and then the simulation data were reconstructed by listmode ordered subset expectation maximization to evaluate the capability of multi-tracer imaging in a Compton camera. And the Compton camera rotating around the object was proposed and tested with different rotation angle steps for improving the limited coverage of the fixed conventional Compton camera over the field-of-view in terms of histogram of angles in spherical coordinates. The simulation data showed the separate 140 and 511 keV images from simultaneous multi-tracer detection in both 2D and 3D imaging and the number of valid projection lines on the conical surfaces was inversely proportional to the decrease of rotation angle. Considering computation load and proper number of projection lines on the conical surface, the rotation angle of 30 degree was sufficient for 3D imaging of the Compton camera in terms of 26 min of computation time and 5 million of detected event number and the increased detection time can be solved with multiple Compton camera system. The Compton camera proposed in this study can be effective system for multi-tracer imaging and is a potential system for development of various disease diagnosis and therapy approaches.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.790-796
• /
• 2011

The system which is exposed in the impact range of High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse(HEMP) may get serious damage because HEMP has a very large electric field value, a very fast rise-time, and so on. Electromagnetic analysis should be performed for signals coupled to the opening or cables of the system prior to derive the system design specifications in order to protect the system against HEMP adequately. In this paper, we analyzed the HEMP coupled signals for the coaxial cable which is generally used to transmit and receive video or RF signals and compared the coupled signal of the one wire with that of the inner conductor of a coaxial cable to confirm the decreased effect of HEMP by the shield. The coaxial cable is analyzed by the external and internal region of the shield separately. For the external region of the coaxial cable, general scattered equation was applied to calculate currents on the surface of the shield and for internal region of the coaxial cable, chain matrix algorithm is used. To verify this paper the analyzed results were compared the results of the existing paper and the two results have good agreements.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.20-24
• /
• 2007

Lithium ion secondary battery has been applied widely to portable devices, and has been studied for application to high power electric cell system such as power tool or hybrid electronic vehicle. The structure change of the electrodes materials occur when lithium ions move between electrodes. Neutron or X-rays can analyze the structure of electrode. The advantage of X-rays is convenient in test. However X-rays is scattered by electron cloud in atoms. Therefore, The elucidation for correct position of lithium is difficult with X-rays because lithium has small atomic weight. Neutron analysis techniques could solve this problem. In this review, We wish to discuss about structure analysis and the principle of structural characterization method using neutron beam source.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.61.2-61.2
• /
• 2013

우리나라 최초의 거대과학 장치인 포항방사광가속기(PLS)는 지난 16년(1994~2010) 동안 국내외 이용자에게 제3세대 방사광을 제공했다. 최초 2기의 빔라인을 시작으로 꾸준하게 빔라인 증설과 성능개선을 위해 노력해 왔다. 지속해서 늘어나는 방사광 이용자 수와 더욱더 좋은 수준의 방사광 요구에 부응하기 위하여 2009년부터 3년 동안 가속장치의 성능향상사업(PLS-II)을 마쳤다. PLS-II는 PLS 대비에너지와 빔전류는 3 GeV, 400 mA로 늘리는 반면 빔의 크기는 크게 줄이고 빔안정성을 개선한 고품질 X-선 방사광 발생장치이다. 2012년부터 16기의 삽입장치 빔라인을 포함한 30기의 빔라인을 가동하여 이용자 지원을 하고 있으며 초전도케비티 설치를 포함한 목표 성능의 확보에도 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 현재는 6 nm-rad의 빔에 미턴스, 3-GeV전자빔, 약 0.5 ${\mu}m-rms$ 빔안정도를 가진 200 mA Top-up 운전으로 빔을 제공 하고 있으며 2014년 말에는 저장전류 400 mA급의 PLS-II 목표치로 운전할 계획이다. 본 발표에서는 포항가속기의 25년 역사를 돌아보고 가속장치의 건설에 얽힌 이야기, 중요장치 그리고 운전과 빔제공에 관한 내용, 특히 핵심 운전가치인 빔안정성을 개선하고 유지하기 위한 노력을 빔운전 측면과 진공을 포함한 엔지지어링 측면에서 언급하고자 한다. PLS 건설부터 현재 운용 중인 30기의 빔라인에서 수행된 연구 성과의 통계에 대하여 훑어보고 X-선 산란과 광전자분광을 이용한 구조, 성분 및 물성분석, 그리고 이미징 등의 분야에서 나온 탁월한 연구 결과를 살펴본다. 앞으로 건설될 신규 빔라인과 빔라인의 향후 운영 방향을 소개한다. 마지막으로 지금 포항가속기연구소에서 건설 중인 제4세대 가속기(X-선 자유전자레이저) 프로젝트의 개요 및 건설 현황과 함께 앞으로 기대되는 새로운 과학에 대하여도 소개하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we extract the parasitic elements of the transmission line with the defected ground structure(DGS) and the short-circuited comb line section using the Short-Open Calibration(SOC). The scattering matrixes of short, open and the distributed elements in microstrip line are measured by full electro-magnetic(EM) simulator and Vector Network Analyser(VNA). The electro-magnetic effects of the proposed structures are considered by the II and T equivalent circuits with frequency independent elements, and the relations between the measured scattering parameters and the elements in the circuits are shown by performing 2 port network analysis. Moreover, to design the 2.4 GHz bandpass filter with second order butterworth prototype, the proposed methods are applied. As results, the measured $S_{11}$ and $S_{21}$ indicate -20 dB and -1.3 dB at center frequency, and these are shown within 5 % error compare to the predicted results at $0.5{\sim}5\;GHz$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2011

In order to obtain more clear x-ray images, an antiscatter grid, which can absorb the scattered rays, is employed. The artifacts due to the grid pattern are, however, visible, and thus should be removed by employing digital filters. For over exposed x-ray images, the strength of the grid artifacts are too big to be removed if fixed-bandwidth filters are employed. In this paper, for an efficient grid artifact reduction, we analyze the characteristics of the image formation and image saturation as the x-ray exposure increases. We can notice that, as the saturation begins to occur, the maximum of the artifact component decreases contrary to increasing exposure amount. We propose then an adaptive filtering algorithm for reduction of the grid artifacts, where the significant-signal bandwidth of the artifact component is used to choose appropriate filter bandwidths. The proposed algorithm is tested for real x-ray digital images, and can efficiently remove the grid artifacts.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.80-90
• /
• 1995

The scattering parameters of a microstrip single line, a right-angle bend and a coupled line are calculated using the multiport network model for the frequency range from 1 to 18 GHz. The single line is analyzed using the planar waveguide model. The right-angle bend is broken into two rectangular segments, and each segment is analyzed in a similar fashion as the single line. Impedance matrices corresponding to the two segments are combined by the segmentation method. In the analysis of elec- tromagnetic coupling of the coupled line, a new method is employed resulting in much less computation time than those previous methods involving Green's functions. A good agreement between the numerical results for the three structures and those from SuperCompact reveals the usefulness of the multiport network medel in analyzing complicated mirostrip single and coupled line discontinuities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.02a
• /
• pp.344-344
• /
• 2011

W(110)면에 흡착원자인 Al원자의 coverage와 annealing과정에서의 온도를 변화시켜, 여러 조건에서의 Al/W(110)계의 흡착구조를 저에너지 전자회절(LEED)과 이온산란분광법(ISS-TOF)을 이용하여 연구하였다. 여러 결과 중, annealing 온도가 900K인 1.0ML Al/W(110)면은 double domain의 p($1{\times}1$)의 흡착구조로 W(110)면의 center of hollow site에서 $0.55{\AA}$ 벗어난 위치에 흡착되었으며, W(110) 표면원자로부터 Al 원자까지의 높이는 $2.13{\pm}0.15{\AA}$이다. 또한 annealing 온도가 1100K인 0.5ML Al/W(110)면은 double domain의 p($2{\times}1$)의 흡착구조로 W(110)면의 center of bridge site에 흡착되었으며, W(110) 표면원자로부터 Al 원자까지의 높이는 $2.18{\pm}0.15{\AA}$이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.08a
• /
• pp.185-185
• /
• 2011

서로 결정구조가 다른 물질 사이의 계면을 연구하기 위해 실온에서 W(bcc) 표면에 Al(fcc)를 성장시켜, 그 흡착구조를 연구하였다. 실온에서 W(110)면에 Al원자를 0.5 ML, 1.0 ML, 2.0 ML, 3.0 ML과 4.0 ML으로 증착시켜 Al/W(110)계의 흡착구조를 저에너지 전자회절(LEED)을 이용하여 관찰하였고, 각 coverage의 Al/W(110)계에서 이온산란분광법(CAICISS-TOF)을 이용하여 흡착구조를 연구하였다. 연구결과, Al의 coverage가 증가함에 따라 표면의 Al이 crystal되어, 4.0 ML Al/W(110)계에서 Al은 6-fold symmetry를 이루는 fcc 구조의 (111)면으로 성장하였으며 성장된 Al(111)면의 [T10]방향과 [1T0]방향이 substrate인 W(110)면의 [001]방향과 서로 평행한 double domain의 표면구조이다.