• The Mathematical Education
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.319-334
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• 2013

This study is a literature research on critical mathematics education. In this study, we analyzed the literature about critical theory and critical education, especially focused on Freire's educational works. And also, we reviewed studies and lesson examples about critical mathematics education. The purpose of this research is to improve understanding about critical mathematics education. We found the connection between the goals, teaching methods and contents of critical mathematics education and Freire's theory of critical pedagogy. Critical mathematics lessons stimulated student's sense of social agency and induced student's inquiry. Critical mathematics education has a merit on aspect of mathematical connection and communication by adopting social issues and student's discussion in mathematics lessons. Although there are many obstacles to overcome, critical mathematics education is one of the educational direction to seek.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Elementary Mathematics Education
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.219-235
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• 2010

학습자들이 미래 사회에 능동적으로 대처하기 위해서는 기존의 지식을 축적, 활용하는 것뿐만 아니라, 새로운 행동 양식을 개발하고 환경의 변화에 적절히 대응해 나갈 수 있는 능동적인 자세와 상응하는 창의적인 힘을 키우기 위해 '창의성 신장'이 강조되고 있다. 선행연구에 따르면 교사의 발문이 학생의 수학 학업성취도, 수학적 사고력향상, 수학에 대한 관심과 흥미에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있음을 시사하고 있지만, 수학교육에서 창의성 신장을 위한 교사의 발문에 관련한 구체적인 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 2007 개정 교육과정에서 강조하는 수학적 의사소통능력과 창의성, 수학적 사고력 신장에 기여하고 학생들의 수학과 학업성취도 뿐만 아니라 정의적 영역(흥미, 태도, 호기심 등)의 향상을 도모할 수 있는 교사 발문의 특성 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 도형영역 수업에서 교사의 발문 특성을 분석하고, 수업에서 사용되는 자료와 수업에서 학생들의 수학적 창의성 신장을 효과적으로 도울 수 있는 교사 발문의 특성을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 우리나라 2007개정 교육과정 수학과 4학년 1학기 도형 영역 관련 단원인 삼각형을 주제로 교과서에서 제시한 발문 내용을 분석하고, 실제 교수-학습 과정에서의 교사 발문의 실태를 알아보고자 제주교육인터넷방송국에 탑재되어 있는 7차 교육과정 4학년 1학기, 2학기 도형 관련 3개의 수업을 관찰 및 분석하였다. 이를 통해 수학적 창의성 신장을 위한 교사 발문의 특성을 수학적 창의성의 하위요소별로 나누어 분석하였다. 학생의 창의성 신장을 위해서 교사는 학생들이 다양하게 사고할 수 있도록 자극할 수 있는 발문을 준비하고, 수업 진행시 하나의 발문에 대해 다수의 반응을 유도하고, 학생의 응답에 대해 단순한 '맞다, 틀리다'의 판단을 내리기 보다는 그 근거를 설명할 수 있는 기회를 마련해 주어 학생이 수학 수업에 흥미를 갖고 스스로 참여할 수 있도록 유도해야 함을 제안하였다.

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.709-726
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to pay attention to the studies of P. Cobb which have actively been quoted in the international research of mathematics education for the last three decades and to look at the result and effect of his research. In particular, we in-depth studied theories and the methods of the study which he has tried to reduce the gap in the theory and practice and investigated effects of his research to the Korean societies of mathematics education. Cobb made special effort to integrate radical constructivism and social constructivism and used emergent theory and symbolic interactionism as theoretical background of the study. Also he analyzed the mathematics classroom in individual and social perspectives based on the interpretive frames of social norm, sociomathematical norm and classroom-mathematical practices then dealt with equity and identity of the students. Because Cobb contributed significantly to the development of practical theory using design experiment as the method of studies, we presented the definition, characteristics, principles, processes and practices of the design experiment. We anticipate that his ways of research would be used as means of unifying the theory and the practice in school.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.113-135
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• 2017

The purpose of the research was to develop an analysis framework for Korean mathematics textbooks from a critical mathematics education perspective. For this, we conducted a comprehensive literature review regarding critical theory, critical education, and critical mathematics education. Based on the literature review, we derived a preliminary framework for textbook analysis. To validate the preliminary framework delphi survey was carried out twice with 21 expert panelists in the field of mathematics education and multicultural education. The first delphi survey was conducted with open-ended questions to investigate diverse opinions regarding educational goals, contents, and teaching methods of critical mathematics education. The second delphi survey was conducted with Likert-type scale and it was analyzed using Mean, Contents Validity Ratio, Degree of Consensus. As the result of the whole research procedures, the final analysis framework was developed consisting of four categories: classical knowledge, community knowledge, communicative knowledge, and political knowledge. A development of the analysis framework from a critical mathematics education perspective could give a significant impact on the mathematics curriculum or mathematic teacher education in the Korea and a meaningful initial step for the effort of practicing critical mathematics education. It is expected that this study could not only incite consideration for the better mathematics education but also expand the prospect of research and practice in mathematics education. This study would provide a new paradigm of future mathematics education with which to teach and guide students to become members of world civil society with mathematical power and critical competency.

• School Mathematics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.639-665
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to seek for principles and methods of multicultural mathematics teacher education. It began with an overview of theories of multicultural education and of multicultural teacher education in order to address the questions of what is the goal of multicultural education and what constitutes the competence of multicultural teachers. Then, cases of multicultural mathematics teacher education were reviewed. Based on that, this research identified three domains of teacher competence: domains of affect, of cognition, and of behavior. This paper also presented what constitutes each domains of competence and how to promote the development of each type of teachers' multicultural competence. This paper discussed implications to multicultural teacher education in Korean society.

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-37
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• 2014

This study investigated the degree of understanding pre-service teachers' random variable concept, based on the attention and the importance for developing pre-service teachers' ability on statistical reasoning in statistics education. To accomplish this, the subject of this study was 70 pre-service teachers belonged to three universities respectively. The teachers were given to 7 tasks on random variable and requested to solve them in 40 minutes. The tasks consisted of three contents in large; 1) one was on the definition of random variables, 2) the other was on the understanding of random variables in different/diverse conditions, and 3) another was on problem solving relevant to random variable concept. The findings are as follows. First, while 20% of pre-service teachers understood the definition of random variable correctly, most teachers could not distinguish between random variable and variable or probability. Second, there was a significant difference in understanding random variables in different/diverse conditions. Namely, the degree of understanding on the continuous random variable was superior to that of discrete random variable and also the degree of understanding on the equal distribution was superior to that of unequality distribution. Third, three types of problems relevant to random variable concept dealt with in this study were finding a sample space and an elementary event, and finding a probability value. In result, the teachers responded to the problem on finding a probability value most correctly and on the contrary to this, they had the mot difficulty in solving the problem on finding a sample space.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.459-483
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• 2010

This study aims to develop materials related to math education for the aged and to identify the effects of application as part of active measures to the aging society with its growing elderly population which is one of the greatest changes in our society. In this purpose, the necessity and objectives for development of materials of 'Silver Math' as education for the aged are explained. Developing and disseminating materials with a role as a program for intelligent needs and physical and spiritual health of the aged presents standards for development of more systemic and meaningful educational materials at this point of time when the importance of education of the aged increases to help the old enjoy qualitatively successful lives in later years in the perspective of lifelong education. Also it aims to present standards of contents and requirements in learning that are adequate and meaningful to old learners at the actual learning sites where education takes place only in terms of making good use of spare time while at the same time suggesting plans of teaching and learning as well as conditions for learning environment. Next, the effectiveness of 'Silver Math' are explored by applying developed materials to the aged. materials of 'Silver Math' for the aged with contents that are appropriate to the definitive and cognitive level of the aged are presented. The developed materials for mathematical activities are divided into 'computation of basic numbers' for those wishing to learn calculation and concepts of numbers, 'active math' that corresponds to definitive factors of old learners, facilitates leisure time through mathematical activities, and Improves communication abilities through cooperative learning among learners, and 'math with thinking power' to solve simple calculation problems by applying to various actual situations.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.289-297
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• 2004

정보들을 잘 다루는 소수의 인재들만으로도 국가의 경제적 부가가치가 크게 높아지고 있는 지금, 이러한 변화에 맞추어 고급 두뇌인력을 배출하는 영재교육에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히 수학, 과학영재에 관한 연구는 무수히 많이 이루어져 있으나 정작 21세기 정보화 사회를 이끌어갈 정보영재에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 그러므로 현재 우리나라 정보영재교육에서 무엇보다 시급한 것은 정보영재들의 인지적 정의적 특성에 대한 실증적인 자료의 분석과 이에 대한 연구이다. 그렇다면 정보영재들의 특성은 실제로 어떠할까 라는 의문이 제기된다. 영재관련 연구 중 많이 인용되며 정의적 요소가 포함된 Renzulli(1978)의 삼원모델(Three-ring model)을 보면 영재의 특성을 극단적으로 높을 필요는 없는 '평균 이상의 능력', '높은 창의성', '높은 과제 집착력'으로 보고 있다. 본 고에서는 정보영재들의 특성을 Renzulli(1978)의 삼원모델(Three-ring model)에 의거하여 두 가지 관점에서 분석해 보았다. 첫째, 정보영재집단의 특성은 일반학생집단과 비교해 보았을 때 어떠한 점이 다른가? 둘째, 일반영재집단과 정보영재집단을 비교해 보았을 때 어떠한 차이점이 있는가? 본 고에서 분석 제시되는 연구결과들은 정보영재성을 정의하고, 그에 따른 판별도구 및 정보영재교육프로그램 개발을 위한 실증적 자료가 되어 우리나라 실정에 부합하는 정보영재교육을 수립해 나가는 데에 주춧돌이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

STEM Education in the US and Korean STEAM are reviewed. The present STEM education focuses on K-12 and it does not concern STEM education in university. In this paper, we define a STEM education that can be made available in university and we establish a way of teaching and learning differential equations based on the STEM education. The class provides students with a chance to explore the capstone design projects that are developed by seniors and do hands-on activities. We introduce and set a Mobius strip with an instant delivery pathway to solve real problems as a symbol of STEM education.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06c
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• pp.82-84
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• 2006

최근 청소년의 교우관계에 있어서 집단 따돌림이 사회적으로 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 학생들의 교우관계를 보다 객관적으로 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 우선 분석을 위한 객관적인 데이터로 교우관계 정보를 묵시적으로 내포하고 있는 통신이력 데이터를 사용한다. 다음으로 교우간 친밀도(degree of faniliarity) 개념을 정형적으로 정의하고, 여러 통신도구에서 발생한 통신이력 데이터를 기반으로 교우간 친밀도를 수학적으로 계산하는 방법을 제안한다. 다음으로, 계산한 교우간 친밀도를 사용하여 집단 따돌림의 가능성이 높은 학생을 파악한다. 이는 집단 따돌림 가능성이 높은 학생은 다른 학생으로부터의 통신 시도가 적을 것이라는 직관에 기반한다. 마지막으로, 제안한 방법의 실용성을 입증하기 위하여, 실제 구현 및 분석 실험을 수행하고, 그 의미를 해석한다. 이 같은 결과를 볼 때, 본 연구는 학생들의 교우관계를 보다 객관적으로 파악할 수 있는 매우 우수한 결과라 사료된다.