• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.222-231
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were to survey internal engagement in science fair and explore the causal relationship between internal engagement and motivation for participation. A written questionnaire on queries into motivation for participation and internal engagement were developed and tested. The subjects were 1066 students from 4th to 9th grade who had participated in the Youth Science Contest under the auspices of the Korea Science Foundation. Interest and commitment were selected as constructing factors of internal engagement. Through exploratory factor analysis, preference, reward, and social motivation were determined to be the factors affecting the motivation to participate. Boys showed higher internal engagement than girls, and interest and commitment were found to be higher in elementary school students(p<0.01). There was no difference in interest among elementary school students; however, fourth grade students showed lower commitment than other students(p<0.01). Ninth grade students showed the lowest interest and commitment among junior high school students(p<0.01). To explore the causal relationship between internal engagement and factors influence internal engagement, path analysis was used. The selected model illustrated how reward motivation affected commitment directly, and how preference motivation affected interest directly but only commitment indirectly through interest. Reward motivation affected commitment with a standardized direct effect coefficient of 0.17. Preference motivation affected interest with a standardized direct effect coefficient of 0.75 and commitment with a standardized total effect coefficient of 0.63(direct effect; 0.27 and indirect effect; 0.36). In addition, interest affected commitment with a standardized direct effect coefficient of 0.49. Social motivation did not affect interest and commitment and reward motivation did not affect interest.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 1995

주택부족 문제의 효율적 해결방안의 하나로 보급되기 시작한 아파트는 다양한 문제의 표출에도 불구하고 '좁은 땅에 많은 주택 공급'이라는 한국 현실에 가장 적합한 주거유형으로 정착되고 있다. 본 연구는 아파트를 비롯한 여러 유형의 집합주거가 어떤 계층의 가족에 의해 선호되고, 나아가 이상적인 주거유형 규범으로 인식되고 있는지 규명하기 위한 것이다. 모델에 포함된 변인중 가장의 연령과 학력은 현재 거주하는 주거유형 및 집합주거 선호에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현재 집합주거에 거주하는 가정일수록 높은 집합주거 선호를 보였다. 집합주거 규범에 관한 분석에서는 집합주거 선호 변인만 유의적인 영향을 주어, 집합주거를 선호하는 가정일수록 이를 한국 사회의 주거유형규범으로 생각하는 경향이 많은 것으로 해석할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.841-852
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• 2009

The aim of the study was to quantify and explore the causal relationships of appearance management through an analysis of one's own clothing and wearing experience, namely clothing preference, personality factors, emotion and mood, newness, familiarity of one's own clothing, and social interaction. Explorative quantitative and qualitative research was carried out using a uniformly composed sample of 10 size 12 females. A personality questionnaire was completed a short while prior to the study. A 10 day ‘wearing diary’ was administered to record where and when outfits were worn. Two questionnaires were completed measure emotion and mood, prior to changing into clothing (a daily baseline), and when they were wearing or changed clothing (dynamic mood). Qualitative information was recorded and included their thoughts and feelings other than the questionnaires, along with photographs that were taken by participants. Preference, social and newness ratings for each outfit worn were recorded after the 10 day period. SPSS analysis identified relationships and linear regression analysis identified preference indicators. Thematic analysis identified 9 themes regarding the management of mood, personality and social factors when wearing one's own clothing. The results indicated strong relationships between emotion, mood, personality and preference and how much newness and different levels of social interaction influence these factors. Participants tended to match their mood and personality with their clothing choices but in some cases also compensated. This research recognises the value of consumer psychological processes involved in appearance management, and has implications for further research into product involvement, post-purchase behaviour and retail strategies for personal shoppers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.311-336
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• 2022

This study analyzed the contents of Goodreads review data, which is a social cataloging service with the participation of book users around the world, to identify the preference factors that affect book users' book recommendations in the library information service environment. To understand user preferences from a more detailed point of view, sub-datasets for each rating group, each book, and each user were constructed in the sample selection process. Stratified sampling was also performed based on the result of topic modeling of review text data to include various topics. As a result, a total of 90 preference factors belonging to 7 categories('Content', 'Character', 'Writing', 'Reading', 'Author', 'Story', 'Form') were identified. Also, the general preference factors revealed according to the ratings, as well as the patterns of preference factors revealed in books and users with clear likes and dislikes were identified. The results of this study are expected to contribute to more sophisticated recommendations in future recommendation systems by identifying specific aspects of user preference factors.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to clarify correlation between preference for game element and game addiction in elementary-school students. In the current elementary-school students, the game addiction is reaching the serious situation. However, there are almost no research that specifically inquired into preference for game element in elementary-school students, and research that inquired into relationship between game element and game addiction. Therefore, this study aims to prevent game addiction by clarifying correlation between the addiction to game and the relevant game element. As a result of researching, the preference for game element was significantly higher in male students than in female students. And, the students of preferring a game were higher compared to the students of not preferring a game. The preference for the social desire satisfaction was higher in the lower academic achievements. The preference for the sensible desire satisfaction and for the intellectual desire satisfaction was the highest in students of preferring RTS game. And, the preference in students of preferring racing and action game was the lowest.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-80
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• 2017

In this study, we investigate social preference of gifted students by analyzing their behaviors in social dilemma situations. We conducted an experimental study using ultimatum games and public goods games with 132 academically gifted middle school students who attended the Ewha-Seodaemun Center for gifted education from 2012 to 2016. We also experimented the same games with 87 regular students for comparative analysis. The result of ultimatum game experiment shows that there is no statistical difference in the proposed share of both groups. Their proposed share ranges from 37% to 38% as expected in other similar studies. However, the rejection rate of the respondents to the proposals with small share are significantly higher among gifted students than among their regular counterparts. This result implies that the gifted students show stronger negative reciprocity, meaning that they tend to punish selfish behaviors even when it takes some costs. In finitely repeated public goods game experiments, the results show that both groups' contribution rates decrease toward the end of the experiments. However, the gifted students show strategic cooperation by attempting to increase the other members' contribution rate within an experimental group. This implies that gifted students tend to care more about how to increase their own expected rewards by reciprocating other students' behaviors.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 2009

Objective : This study is designed to investigate the children' preference in play and leisure activities in accordance with age, gender, demographic, school interest and scholastic performance. Method : A total of 204 children and youths aged in 8-17 years living in urban and rural area were recruited. The preference of activities was asked by using the questionnaire and the PAC Korean version. Results : There are differences in activity preferences according to age, gender, school interest. Girls showed higher preference in most PAC scales except for physical activities than boys. As the younger children are, the greater preference in recreation activities is shown. There were no significant differences of activity preference in demographic variable and scholar performance. The higher interest of school the children had, the greater preference in formal and social activities was shown. Conclusions : This study showed that there is play and leisure activity preference in children and youths according to age, gender, and school interest. The result of this study would be helpful for occupational therapists working with school-aged children and youths.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.280-286
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• 1992

When the social cost-benefit analysis is applied for analyzing the public forestry investment, the choice of discount rate to be used in analysis is critical. In this paper, the social discount rate discussed in the public economics was introduced and the social time preference rate as a measure of that was estimated for Korea. The component parameters of the model used are : the elasticity of social marginal utility of consumption and the growth rate of real consumption. The results for the social time preference rate and the elasticity of social marginal utility of consumption are 6.2% and -1.38, respectively, which are plausible and thus can be used as a useful basis in establishing rational resource allocation policies.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-157
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• 2014

The present study investigated whether 6- and 12-month-old infants could infer an agent's social preference on the basis of intentions. In Experiment 1, 12-month-old infants were first familiarized with two kinds of event: the helping and the hindering events. In the helping event, an agent (either a square or triangle) tried to help a circle climb up the hill and the movie stopped right before the circle reached the top of the hill. Thus, the outcome of the helping behavior was made to be ambiguous. Similarly, in the hindering movie, another agent tried to hinder the circle from reaching the top of the hill and the movie stopped right before the circle slipped down to the base of the hill making the final outcome of the hindering behavior unclear. During the test trial, infants were either presented with an event in which the circle approached the helper (approach-helper condition) or an event in which the circle approached the hinderer (approach-hinderer condition). The results indicated that both 6- and 12-month-olds looked longer at the approach-helper event than at the approach-hinderer event. Thus, by 6 months of age, infants are sensitive to agents' intentions when reasoning about agents' social preference. The current findings add to the emerging evidence on social evaluation and moral reasoning during infancy.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-97
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• 2012

This study has sought to analyze factors affecting work and work preference of older adults at national and individual level. A few theoretical hypotheses such as economic need versus job opportunity (or employability), attitude toward paid work, pull effect versus push effect were tested for citizens in eighteen OECD countries with International Social Survey dataset(2005) using multi-level analysis. Main findings are as follows. First, most older adults wanted to work regardless of the socio-economic status, which implies that non-work of older adults would be due to involuntary constraint rather than voluntary choice. Second, there existed class inequality in that the higher class tended to involve paid work more than the lower class did among 55-64 age group. Third, the push factor such as part-time employment ratio, rather than the generosity of social security, explained the work and retirement patterns better. In conclusion, at least from the comparative perspective, the main problem of older adults' work seems to be of labour demand rather than of labour supply, to be of labour market structure and work opportunity rather than of the pull factor.