Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5850/JKSCT.2009.33.6.841

Identifying the Causal Relationships of Appearance Management through an Analysis of One's Own Clothing and Wearing Experiences over a 10-day Period  

Moody, Wendy (Dept. of Textiles & Paper, Manchester University)
Kinderman, Peter (Dept. of Population, Community & Behavioural Science, Liverpool University)
Sinha, Pammi (Dept. of Textiles & Paper, Manchester University)
You, Kyung-Sook (Dept. of Clothing & Textiles, Kunsan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles / v.33, no.6, 2009 , pp. 841-852 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of the study was to quantify and explore the causal relationships of appearance management through an analysis of one's own clothing and wearing experience, namely clothing preference, personality factors, emotion and mood, newness, familiarity of one's own clothing, and social interaction. Explorative quantitative and qualitative research was carried out using a uniformly composed sample of 10 size 12 females. A personality questionnaire was completed a short while prior to the study. A 10 day ‘wearing diary’ was administered to record where and when outfits were worn. Two questionnaires were completed measure emotion and mood, prior to changing into clothing (a daily baseline), and when they were wearing or changed clothing (dynamic mood). Qualitative information was recorded and included their thoughts and feelings other than the questionnaires, along with photographs that were taken by participants. Preference, social and newness ratings for each outfit worn were recorded after the 10 day period. SPSS analysis identified relationships and linear regression analysis identified preference indicators. Thematic analysis identified 9 themes regarding the management of mood, personality and social factors when wearing one's own clothing. The results indicated strong relationships between emotion, mood, personality and preference and how much newness and different levels of social interaction influence these factors. Participants tended to match their mood and personality with their clothing choices but in some cases also compensated. This research recognises the value of consumer psychological processes involved in appearance management, and has implications for further research into product involvement, post-purchase behaviour and retail strategies for personal shoppers.
Keywords
Appearance management; Emotion; Mood; Personality; Clothing preference;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Bozionelos, N. (2004). The big five of personality & work involvement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(1), 69−81   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Compton, N. H. (1962). Personal attributes of color & design preferences in clothing fabrics. The Journal of Psychology, 54, 191−195   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1985; 1991). NEO PI-R: Professional Manual – Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) & NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Florida: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc
4 DeLong, M. B., & Larntz, K. (1986). Use of schema for evaluating consumer response to an apparel product. Clothing & Textile Research Journal, 5(1), 17−26   DOI
5 Feinbetg, R. A., Mataro, L., & Burroughs, W. J. (1992) Clothing & social identity. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 11(1), 8−23
6 Grubb, E. L., & Grathwohl, H. L. (1967). Consumer selfconcept, symbolism & market behaviour: A theoretical approach. Journal of Marketing, 31, 22-7
7 Henderson, B., & DeLong, M. (2000). Dress in a postmodern era: An analysis of aesthetic expression & motivation. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 18(4), 237−250   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Hurlock, E. B. (1929). The psychology of dress: An analysis of fashion & its motives. New York: Ronal Press
9 Laros, F. J. M., & Steenkamp, J-B. E. M. (2003). Emotions in consumer behavior: A hierarchical approach. Journal of Business Research, 58(10), 1437-1445   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Lurie, A. (1992). The language of clothes. London: Bloomsbury
11 O'Connor, B. P. (2002). A quantitative review of the comprehensiveness of the five-factor model in relation to popular personality inventories. Assessment, 9, 188−203   DOI   PUBMED
12 Rudd, N. A., & Lennon, S. J. (2000). Body image & appearance- altering behaviours of college women. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 18(3), 152−162   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development & validation of brief measures of positive & negative affect: The PANAS Scale. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 54, 1063−1070   DOI
14 Stepat, D. L. (1949). A study of clothing & appearance problems in relation to some aspects of personality & some cultural patterns in a group of college freshman girls. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University, New York
15 Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48, 26−34   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kaiser, S. B. (1997). The social psychology of clothing (2nd ed.). New York: Fairchild Publications
17 Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical & psychological correlates of appearance orientation. Personality & Individual Differences, 30, 21−30   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Entwistle, J. (2000). The fashioned body. Malden: Blackwell Publishers Inc
19 Eckman, M., Damhorst, M. L., & Kadolph, S. J. (1990). Toward a model of the in-store purchase decision process: Consumer use of criteria for evaluating women's apparel. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 8(2) 13−22   DOI
20 Leigh, J., & Gabel, T. G. (1995). Symbolic interactionism: Its effects on consumer behaviour & implications for marketing strategy. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 9(1), 27−38   DOI
21 Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117−140   DOI
22 Creekmore, A. M. (1971). Methods of measuring clothing variables (Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Project No. 783). Michigan: Michigan State University
23 Humphrey, C., Klaasen, M., & Creekmore, A. M. (1971). Clothing & self-concept of adolescents. Journal of Home Economics, 63(4), 246−250
24 Paek, S. L. (1986). Effect of garment style on the perception of personal traits. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 5(1), 10−16   DOI
25 Solomon, M. R., & Schopler, J. (1982). Self-consciousness & clothing. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 508−514   DOI
26 McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. Jr. (1996). Toward a new generation of personality theories: theoretical contexts for the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed.). Five-factor model of personality theoretical perspectives (pp. 48-57). New York: Guildford
27 Raunio, A.-M. (1982). Favorite clothes - a look at individuals' experience of clothing (University of Helsinki Dept. of Teacher Education, Research Report No. 161). Helsinki: University of Helsink
28 Johson, T. W., Francis, S. K., & Burns, L. D. (2007). Appearance management behavior & the five factor model of personality. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 25(3), 230−243   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Pervin, L. A. (1996). The science of personality. New York: John Wiley
30 Evans, J. (1935). Taste & temperament. New York: Macmillan
31 Sproles, G. B. (1979). Fashion, consumer behavior toward dress. Minneapolis, Minn.: Burgess Publishing Company
32 Aiken, L. R. (1963). The relationships of dress to selected measures of personality in undergraduate women. The Journal of Social Psychology, 59, 119−128   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Banister, E. N., & Hogg, M. K. (2004). Negative symbolic consumption & consumers' drive for self-esteem. European Journal of Marketing, 38(7), 850−868   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Brannon, E. L. (1993). Affect & cognition in appearance management: A review. In S. J. Lennon & L. D. Burns (Eds.), Social science aspects of dress: New directions (pp. 82-92). CA: International Textiles & Apparel Association, Monument, CO
35 Dubler, M. L. J., & Gurel, L. M. (1984). Depression: Relationships to clothing & appearance self-concept. Home Economics Research Journal, 13, 21−26   DOI
36 Workman, J. E. (1987). Fashionable versus out-of-date clothing & interpersonal distance. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 5, 31−35   DOI
37 Gibbons, K., & Gwyn, T. K. (1975). A new theory of fashion change: A test of some predictions. British Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, 14, 1−9   DOI
38 Darden, L. A. (1975). Personality correlates of clothing interest for a group of non-incarcerated & incarcerated women ages 18 to 30. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
39 Kelly, G. A. (1969). The psychotherapeutic relationship. In B. Maher (Ed.), Clinical psychology & personality (pp. 48-58). New York: Wiley
40 Ryan, M. S. (1953). Psychological effects of clothing-parts I&IV (Bulletins No. 882, 898, 900). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Agric. Experimental Station
41 Sweeney M. M., & Zionts, P. (1989). The second skin: Perceptions of disturbed & nondisturbed early adolescents on clothing, self-concept, & body image. Adolescence, 24, 411−20   PUBMED
42 Mendels, J. (1970). Concepts of depression. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
43 Barr, E. Y. (1934). A psychological analysis of fashion motivation. New York: Arch. Psychology
44 Kwon, Y.-H. (1987). Daily clothing selection: Interrelationships among motivating factors. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 5(2), 21−27   DOI
45 Cash, T. F. (1990). The psychology of physical appearance: Aesthetics, attributes, & images. In T. F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body images; development, deviance & change (pp. 23-48). New York: The Guildford Press
46 Cattell, R. B. (1943). The description of personality: Basic traits resolved into clusters. Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology, 38, 476−506   DOI
47 Worrell, J. A. (1977). Relationship between clothing interest & mental state of depression. Home Economics Research Journal, 13, 21−26   DOI
48 Boultwood, A., & Jerrard, R. (2000). Ambivalence & itsrelation to fashion & the body. Fashion Theory, 4(3), 301−322   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417-40   DOI   ScienceOn
50 Fisher, S. (1973). Body consciousness: You are what you feel. N.J.: Prentice Hall
51 Solomon, M. R., & Rabolt, N. (2004). Consumer behavior: In fashion. NJ: Prentice Hall
52 Beck, A. (1970). Depression: causes & treatment. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
53 Kwon, Y. H., & Parham, E. S. (1994). Effects of state of fatness perception on weight conscious woman's clothing practices. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 12(3), 16−21   DOI   ScienceOn
54 Solomon, M. R. (1983). The role of products as social stimuli: A symbolic interactionism perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 10, 319-329   DOI   ScienceOn
55 Stone, G. P. (1962). Appearance & the self. In A. M. Rose (Ed.), Human behavior & social processes (pp. 86-118). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company
56 Kwon, Y.-H. (1991). The influence of the perception of mood & self-consciousness on the selection of clothing. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, l9(4), 41−46