• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the issues that can be expected in the smart intelligent information society led by artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, and how to resolve the issues in terms of PR.The results were as follows. First, there are three major issues that can be expected Second, in order to resolve the issue, it is necessary to prepare and carry out a public interest campaign to create and participate in a new paradigm for the alienated public. Third, welfare technology can be considered as an alternative to the issues.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.36
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• pp.309-338
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• 1998

The American military occupations of Korea(1945-1948) and Japan(1945-1952) after the second world war had great influences on the history of the two countries, the contents and results were, however, quite different. This study attempts to analyze the similarities and differences, the determinants of the social welfare policy, and their long-term effects on the later social welfare policies in the two countries. For the purpose of this study, it uses a comparative case study on the public assistant policies of the two countries during the American military occupation. The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, although the American military occupations of the two countries faced the similar social problems during the same period, their countermeasures were quite different from each other. In Korea, the American military occupation hardly tried to establish a substantial social welfare system by making laws, but, mainly relying on temporary emergency relief, they just aimed for social control. On the other hand, in Japan, the American military occupation tried to improve the existing social welfare system in terms of the principles of demilitarization and democratization. Secondly, the political determinants of the social welfare policy in the two countries were much more important than the socioeconomic determinants. Especially the differences in the basic military occupation principles, the administration structure, and the roles of the indigenous ruling classes acted upon the different social welfare policies of Korea and Japan. Thirdly, the long-term effects on the later social welfare policies in the two countries was different. In Korea, the American military occupation hardly contributed to modernize the social welfare policy. Therefore, the unsystematic premodern relief system continued to exist for a long time. On the other hand, in Japan, the American military occupation contributed to modernizing the social welfare policy in terms of ideology and system and formed the groundwork for developing the later social welfare policies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.53
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• pp.129-153
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• 2003

This study examines the socio-economic impacts of recent welfare reform in the United States. Based on the neo-conservative critique to the traditional public assistance system for low-income families, the 1996 welfare reform has given greater emphases on reducing welfare dependency and increasing work effort and self-sufficiency among welfare recipients. In particular, the welfare reform legislation instituted 60-month lifetime limits on cash assistance, expanded mandatory work requirements, and placed financial penalties for noncompliance. With the well-timed economic boom in the second half of the 1990s, the welfare reform seems to achieve considerable progress; welfare caseload has declined sharply to reach less than 50% of its 1994 peak, single mothers' labor force participation has increased substantially, and child poverty has decreased. In spite of these good signals, the welfare reform also has several potential problems. Many welfare leavers participate in the labor market, but not all (or most) of them. The economic well being of working welfare leavers did not increased significantly, because earnings increase was canceled out by parallel decrease in welfare benefits. Furthermore, most of working welfare leavers are employed in jobs with poor employment stability and low wages, making them highly vulnerable to frequent layoff, long-time joblessness, persistent poverty, and welfare recidivism. Another serious problem of the welfare reform is that a substantial number of welfare recipients are faced with extreme difficulties in finding jobs, because they have severe barriers to employment. The new welfare system with 5-year time limit can severely threaten the livelihoods of these people. The welfare reform presupposes that welfare recipients can achieve self-reliance by increasing their labor market activities. However, empirical evidences suggest that many people are unable to respond to the new, work-oriented welfare strategy. It may be a very difficult task to achieve both objectives of the welfare reform((1) providing adequate income security for low-income families and (2) promoting self-sufficiency) at the same time, because sometimes they are conflicting each other. With this in mind, a possible solution can be to distinguish welfare recipients into "(Very)-Hard-to-Employ" group and "(Relatively)-Ready-to-Work" group, based on elaborate examinations of a wide range of personal conditions. For the former group, the primary objective of welfare policies should be the first one(providing income security). For the "Ready-to-Work" group, follow-up services to promote job retention and advancement, as well as skill-training and job-search services, are very important. The U. S. experiences of the welfare reform provide some useful implications for newly developing Korean public assistance policies for the able-bodied low-income population.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.43-47
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• 2023

인간은 만물의 영장류이다. 그러나 피할 수 없이, 부모의 불완전성과 사회적·환경적 이유들로 인해 아이는 의존적 욕구와 본능적 욕구의 좌절을 겪을 수밖에 없다. 이 두려움으로부터 자신을 보호하고, 부분적으로라도 욕구의 충족을 얻을 방법을 습득한다. 이 방법이 방어기제이며, 이것이 개인의 성격 특성으로 나타난다. 특히 사회적·도덕적으로 용납되지 못하는 성적 충동, 공격적 욕구, 미움, 원한 등은 하나의 위험으로 인식되고 불안을 일으킨다. 1번 유형 개혁가, 이들은 높은 이상을 실현하기 위해서 끊임없이 노력하는 활동가이다. 이들의 교류방식은 자신의 견해가 옳다고 여기기 때문에 이런 신념이 강할수록 상대방을 가르치고, 고쳐주려고 한다. 2번 유형 조력가는 쉽게 다른 사람과 친해지는 장점이 있다. 3번 유형 성격 성취가는 사회 속에서 성공을 바란다. 4번 유형 성격 예술가, 깊은 직관력으로 창조적인 영감과 기쁨을 찾는다. 5번 유형 관찰가, 이들의 본질은 깨달음이다. 6번 유형 충성가, 이들의 본질은 두려움과 의심을 극복함으로써 드러난다. 7번 유형 열정가, 침체된 분위기를 고조시키는 재능을 가지고 있다. 8번 유형 도전가, 돌려서 이야기하는 사람을 좋아하지 않는다. 9번 유형 중재자. 다른 사람과 갈등이 있으면 다른 사람의 입장을 먼저 생각한다.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.403-428
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• 2018

There has been constant attempts for integration of public welfare delivery system which lead to integrated case management, then this become more significant issue regarding 'community care' recently in Korea. However, most of them was limited to fractional organization rearrangement or more use of private resources rather than realising user-centred approach. Therefore, in this research, we would like to do a couple of case studies in Britain which has rich experience of reforms for integrated approaches between health and social services and Troubled Family programme resembles the integrated case management in Korea by visiting a London Borough and a local council respectively. In conclusion, we found three conditions are required to establish successful integrated delivery system: elimination of institutional barriers relating to workforce, organization, and finance; shared objectives and partnership among the professional groups and agencies; and information sharing system with technical support regarding individual cases.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.44
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• pp.232-261
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• 2001

Because of their international importance, 'the Welfare Reforms' of the Thatcher government as well as Thatcherism were studied so much, and analysed so deeply. However, the existing studies mainly focused the institutional changes of the welfare state themselves and cynically criticized the decline of it. And, there is no study explained the Thatcher's reform as the changed balance of the British class strength. This means that the nature of the Thatcher's welfare reform is not scientifically clarified yet. So, I tried to examine this one again. For the purpose, I reviewed the nature of Thatcherism, described the changed welfare state, and analysed the result of the polling, the power dynamics of the Labour Party, the changed attitude of the Labour Party and the working class to the welfare state and Keynesianism, and the political attack of the Thatcher government on the working class and their response to it.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.135-142
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• 2000

현재 우리는 급속한 정보화.세계화 물결의 혼란 속에서 인간이 존엄성과 가치 및 공동체적 삶의 가치를 미처 정리하지 못하고 참다운 삶의 방향 감각을 상실한 채 살아가고 있다. 가치 창조적 삶의 의미를 망각한 우리 사회는 물질만능과 즉흥적이고 쾌락적.감성적인 행동에 의해 지배되고 있으며 이로 인하여 생명의 경시풍조와 인간소외 현상이 만연되어가고 있다. 이러한 가치관의 혼란과 비복지적 현실 가운데 우리는 우리의 삶, 우리의 후손교육, 우리의 가정과 지역사회 이대로 좋은 것인가\ulcorner 라는 자성적 질문과 함께 미래지향적인 삶과 사랑으로 더불어 사는 공동체 사회를 지향하여 온 국민이 더불어 할 일이 또 하나 있음을 깨닫게 된다. 현대인에게 있어서 자원봉사는 선행이 아니라 권리의 행사이다. 왜냐하면 자원봉사를 통하여 어떻게 살아야 할 것인가\ulcorner 라는 근본 물음에 대한 정답을 얻을 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 시점에서 청소년에 대한 볼런터리즘(voluntarism)교육은 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 1995년 5.13교육 개혁으로 의무화된 중.고등학교 학생들의 자원봉사화동을 재 조명하여 보고, 청소년 문제 해결을 위한 자원봉사 활성화 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.31-58
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• 2006

The purpose of this article is to analyze the structure and characteristics of the care manager systems of the long term care insurance in Japan's social welfare institution. In order to realize such purposes, this paper develops the discussion process as follows. Firstly, this paper examines the developmental processes and contents of the long term care insurance system and the care plan services which are the services to aid the utilization of long term care services. Secondly, this paper describes the care manager which conducts the role of care plan services intentively. Thirdly, this paper makes the research framework which is formulated as the legislative views about the care manager on the long term care insurance act, task systems, recruitment and retraining systems, and research data of care manager. Summarizing the contents of care manager's circumstances and characteristics about the long term care insurance, the results are explained as follows. that is to define care manager's status as the components of care plan center, to control indirectly the activities of care manager's care plan by operating care service center and care plan center in equal corporate, to set role and task ambiguously, to recognize care manager's role as the attributed role of care service center, to give licence and qualification in local government. Therefore, it's difficult to realize care plan depending on speciality and neutrality for the service user. The essential parts for the reform of care manager systems may be to separate care service center and care plan center and to redefine the task and role of care manager, the role and task of which should be put on care plan services.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.5-28
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues and the characteristics of the recent social security pension debate in the United States. For the purpose the transforming process from the funded system to the pay-as-you-go system in the 1930s, three alternatives of social security reform proposed by the Social Security Administration in 1996, and the other various alternatives proposed by the politicians, the business leaders and the scholars were analysed. While the alternatives were compared, the critical issues could be identified. The core issues were as follows. First, the individual accounts should be newly made or not? Second, who is the main administrator, government or private investment companies? Third, what is important, the inter-generational and the vertical income redistribution effect or the individual equity in social security pension system? Besides, the different positions of the social forces were also examined. The supporters of privatizing the social security pension, supporters of IA and PSA, prefer the value of equity, the effect of promoting savings, the private management of the social security funds, and the investment of the funds to the private capital markets. The supporters of pay-as-you-go system, supporters of MB, prefer the inter-generational and the vertical income redistribution effect of social security pension, and were convinced that fundamental changes of the systems are not necessary, and the insolvency problem could be overcome through a few reform, for example, increasing the rate and decreasing the benefits.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.435-450
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• 2020

How do Korean people recognize major welfare policies of the Moon Jae-in government? Using a survey of 1,000 adults conducted in December 2018, this study examines what the public thinks about major issues related to welfare policies and what factors are related to variations in their opinions regarding the welfare policies. Results show that the public recognized the roles of government in providing welfare in a positive way. The positive opinion on expanding the coverage of National Health Insurance was the highest. Regarding the resolutions of fiscal problems of the National Pension Plan, there were substantial oppositions to reforms such as insurance premium increase, benefits cut, and increase in the age of receipt of pension benefits. Both efficiency and equality were perceived as important when government makes decision for allocating budgets. Only one-third of respondents agreed Korean government contributed to promoting the happiness of Korean people. Based on these findings, implications for developing welfare policies were discussed.