• Title/Summary/Keyword: 사회문화 이론

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The Social Influence of the Landscape Architecture Engineer Examination on the Establishment of Authenticity in Landscaping History Department (조경기사 '조경사' 과목이 조경역사학(造景歷史學) 분야의 진정성 확립에 미친 사회적 영향)

  • Lee, Chang-Hun;Shin, Hyun-Sil;Kim, Kyu-Seob;Lee, Won-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.128-136
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    • 2018
  • This study was centered on the protested data of the issue of "History of Landscape Architecture" in the handwritten course of landscaping articles of National Qualifications Test. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of social problems in the process of correcting erroneous historical facts. The purpose of this study was to find alternatives for the development of the field of landscape and culture history that can assist in the verification of the historical facts of the landscape sciences examination questions. The main results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the contents of the landscape architects' subject matter, the establishment of concept of landscape style and form and the confirmation of historical facts were investigated as important types to be established for development of landscape landscape history department. It seems that the social consensus of the expert group is needed to supplement the lack of data to refer to landscape architectural theory. Second, the analysis of the problematic narrative contents resulted in a total of five types of questionnaires. The appeared in the Undefined style and form(52.94%), Unproven historical facts(25.13%), Obscurity Era classification(11.77%), Lack of specificity(6.95%), Content scope of obscurity events(3.21%) Third, it is not only the lack of information to learn the theory by comparing and analyzing the contents of the statements in the landscape architect 's question items, but also the difference of contents between books was analyzed as the main cause of the problem. As a result of examining the characteristics and examples of the issues raised in landscape architectural problems, it was related to the social phenomenon, and it was classified into cultural factors and political factors. Fourth, the resolution of problematic issues in landscape architects' landscaping articles, which are national technical qualification tests, shows positive results. The information determined in the process of solving the perceived content can be used directly in landscaping field, and it helps the accuracy of the verification process by identifying the types and characteristics of the issues.

The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Unethical Pro Organizational Behavior: The Dual Mediating Effect of Job Engagement and Organizational Commitment (윤리적 리더십이 비윤리적 친조직행동에 미치는 영향 직무열의와 조직몰입의 이중 매개효과)

  • Li, Yi-Ran;Jeon, Jeong-Ho;Lee, Jong-Min
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.487-510
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Ethical Leadership on job engagement, organizational commitment and unethical pro-organizational behavior and to analyze the dual mediation effect of job engagement and organizational commitment. We used 565 questionnaires collected by members in domestic companies. The result of the analyses are as follows: First, Ethical Leadership has no positive effect on unethical pro-organizational behavior. Second, in the relationship between Ethical Leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior, job engagement does not play a mediating role, but organizational commitment plays a mediating role. Third, in the relationship between Ethical Leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior, job engagement and organizational commitment play a dual mediating role. The theoretical implication is that this study once again confirmed the behavior patterns such as cognition, emotion, attitude and behavior of members in the organization. In addition, this study can contribute to theoretical expansion by explaining that these behavior patterns are identified by social exchange theory. The practical implication is that this study confirmed that members in the actual management field are willing to perform unethical pro-organizational behavior in order to achieve the organization's goal efficiently and effectively. Therefore, it is suggested that active efforts should be made to recognize these negative influences and possibilities at the organization level and to create a clean and fair organizational culture and environment that everyone can recognize at the social level.

A Study on the Placeness of Vacant Houses in the Street of Historical Culture - Focused on HangZhou Zhongshan Road - (역사문화거리 빈집의 장소성에 관한 연구 -중국 항저우 중산로를 중심으로-)

  • Wang, Hui-Hui;Hong, Kwan-Seon
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.617-629
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    • 2020
  • In the historical and cultural blocks with the most concentrated urban cultural heritage, the development of both side streets is impacted by the development of the main street, which shows a gradual decline. The loss of placeness on both side streets has resulted in more empty houses. Therefore, it is urgent to pay attention and take countermeasures to the empty houses in historical and cultural blocks. In this study, the vacant houses on Zhongshan Road in Hangzhou, China were taken as the object of study to understand the location theory and the six dimensions of Matthew Carmona's urban design. Meanwhile, it further analyzed the evaluative features of the placeness of the vacant houses in the historical and cultural street, to provide direction and basis for the flexible using of other empty houses in Zhongshan Road. Then by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), it obtained the importance scale of each evaluative feature and compared the evaluation results of experts with the analysis results of cases, getting the results as follows: In the flexible application of vacant houses in historical and cultural street, the evaluation result of placeness indicates that this kind of usage should be in order of societal level, perceptional level, functional level, morphological level, visual hierarchy and temporal level; among the evaluative features, security, identity, usability, individuality, aesthetics, connection, diversity, openness, continuity, accessibility, order and history should be considered in turn.

Navigating Identity: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Related Field Professionals' Views on Arts Education for North Korean Refugee Youth (탈북 청소년 대상 문화예술교육에 대한 질적 내용 분석 연구 - 정체성 형성 과정을 중심으로 -)

  • Shin, Hyesun;Youn, Hyunkyoung
    • Korean Association of Arts Management
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    • no.55
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    • pp.75-113
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    • 2020
  • This research aims to identify current issues of arts education programs which have designed for North Korean Refugee Youth in South Korea and then navigates further steps to better serve the group. The purpose of study also pertains to the '2010 Seoul Agenda: Goals for the Development of Arts Education' announced at the Second World Conference on Arts Education, particularly, to the third Goal indicating how arts education practices can contribute to resolving social and cultural issues and promoting social cohesion and intercultural dialogues (UNESCO, 2010). This research engages with critical theory approach and adopts qualitative content analysis for collected documents and interview data. Based on the findings of this research, interview participants found its need of current arts education program for North Korean refugee youth become more value-driven and participant-centered. Currently, those programs available seem to incline to helping their adjustment to the South Korean society through arts-related activities, such as enhancing Korean language skills and learning Korean culture. Rather, it has been addressed that providing emotional and psychological supports and opportunities to search their own 'voice(s)' should be core objectives of the arts education programs. Moreover, when it is offered, arts educators and administrators need to make sure that participants can feel safe and secure as being present at the space for programs in order to express and encounter their true inner voice(s).

Preservation and Utilization Plan of Sangju Yibugok Earthen Fortification Ruin (상주 이부곡토성 유적의 보존 및 활용방안)

  • JANG Choonghee
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.222-243
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    • 2023
  • In this study, we looked at how to preserve and use the Yibugok earthen fortification ruin in Sangju, which has recently been actively investigated and researched. Now that the coronavirus pandemic has become a reality, a utilization plan using local historical and cultural resources can be the starting point for regional revitalization. To this end, this study first reviewed the historical value of the Sangju Yibugok earthen fortification. The historical and cultural resource value of the fortification was reviewed in recent archaeological achievements along with the results of existing literature research, and distortion in its utilization was avoided. Next, an analysis of the perception of the demand class and local residents, the subject of utilization, was conducted with visitor statistics and surveys. This is because empathy for historical and cultural resources by the demand class and local residents, who are the main agents of utilization, is the most important factor in the use of cultural assets. Based on the theoretical review presented above, the use cases of ancient fortification ruins were examined in the last chapter 4, and a utilization plan for the fortification was presented focusing on empathy. This study was conducted with a focus on the historical value of the use of the fortification ruins, the empathy of the demand class, and the public. In order to overcome the crisis in Sangju, a high-risk area due to population decline, various measures must be proposed, and establishing historical and cultural identity at the center of Sabeolguk and enhancing its image through various utilization measures can be one of the alternatives.

A Study on the Direction of Entrepreneurship Education in Universities linked to Community (지역연계 대학창업교육 방향 연구)

  • Lee, Won-Cheul;Choi, Jong-In
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.89-98
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    • 2017
  • The dynamic entrepreneurial activities of small businesses or individual entrepreneurs seeking to enter the global market based on innovative ideas and challenging spirit in the modern society, which is trending in entrepreneurial capitalism according to the times, Leading to new growth engines. In order to promote the establishment of universities in Korea, the government has been working on 'Five-Year Plan for University Entrepreneurship Education(2013-2017)', 'Efficiency of Government Start-up Support in 2015', and 'Five-Year Basic Plan for Activation of Industry-University Cooperation(2016-2020)'. However, there are still practical limitations in spite of the efforts made by universities and research institutes to revitalize start-ups. As a way to overcome these limitations, this study aims to systematize the entrepreneurship education of the university, and examines the role of changing universities and theory of clusters and the entrepreneurship education. In addition, we will look at the factors of creative university culture centering on the representative cases of the Innovation University in US, and present a conceptual framework for cluster-based entrepreneurship education for the purpose of 'successful entrepreneurship' which is different from 'start-up success'. The conceptual framework of cluster-based entrepreneurship education is based on the establishment of 'Integrated Entrepreneurship Education Platform' to revitalize start-ups centered on university technology. At the same time, this framework focuses on the three factors of talent, technology, and culture based on the relevant theories and examples, and emphasizes the clustering of entrepreneurial resources, entrepreneurial policies and leadership that should be involved in entrepreneurship education.

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Structural Properties of Social Network and Diffusion of Product WOM: A Sociocultural Approach (사회적 네트워크 구조특성과 제품구전의 확산: 사회문화적 접근)

  • Yoon, Sung-Joon;Han, Hee-Eun
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.141-177
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    • 2011
  • I. Research Objectives: Most of the previous studies on diffusion have concentrated on efficacy of WOM communication with the use of variables at individual level (Iacobucci 1996; Midgley et al. 1992). However, there is a paucity of studies which investigated network's structural properties as antecedents of WOM from the perspective of consumers' sociocultural propensities. Against this research backbone, this study attempted to link the network's structural properties and consumer' WOM behavior on cross-national basis. The major research objective of this study was to examine the relationship between network properties and WOM by comparing Korean and Chinese consumers. Specific objectives of this research are threefold; firstly, it sought to examine whether network properties (i.e., tie strength, centrality, range) affect WOM (WOM intention and quality of WOM). Secondly, it aimed to explore the moderating effects of cutural orientation (uncertainty avoidance and individuality) on the relationship between network properties and WOM. Thirdly, it substantiates the role of innovativeness as antecedents to both network properties and WOM. II. Research Hypotheses: Based on the above research objectives, the study put forth the following research hypotheses to validate. ${\cdot}$ H 1-1 : The Strength of tie between two counterparts within network will positively influence WOM effectivenes ${\cdot}$ H 1-2 : The network centrality will positively influence the WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 1-3 : The network range will positively influence the WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 2-1 : The consumer's uncertainty avoidance tendency will moderate the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 2-2 : The consumer's individualism tendency will moderate the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness ${\cdot}$ H 3-1 : The consumer's innovativeness will positively influence the social network properties ${\cdot}$ H 3-2 : The consumer's innovativeness will positively influence WOM effectiveness III. Methodology: Through a pilot study and back-translation, two versions of questionnaire were prepared, one in Korean and the other in Chinese. The chinese data were collected from the chinese students enrolled in language schools in Suwon city in Korea, while Korean data were collected from students taking classes in a major university in Seoul. A total of 277 questionnaire were used for analysis of Korean data and 212 for Chinese data. The reason why Chinese students living in Korea rather than in China were selected was based on two factors: one was to neutralize the differences (ie, retail channel availability) that may arise from living in separate countries and the second was to minimize the difference in communication venues such as internet accessibility and cell phone usability. SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 7.0 were used for analysis. IV. Results: Prior to hypothesis verification, mean differences between the two countries in terms of major constructs were performed with the following result; As for network properties (tie strength, centrality and range), Koreans showed higher scores in all three constructs. For cultural orientation traits, Koreans scored higher only on uncertainty avoidance trait than Chinese. As a result of verifying the first research objective, confirming the relationship between network properties and WOM effectiveness, on Korean side, tie strength(Beta=.116; t=1.785) and centrality (Beta=.499; t=6.776) significantly influenced on WOM intention, and similar finding was obtained for Chinese side, with tie strength (Beta=.246; t=3.544) and centrality (Beta=.247; t=3.538) being significant. However, with regard to WOM argument quality, Korean data yielded only centrality (Beta=.82; t=7.600) having a significant impact on WOM, whereas China showed both tie strength(Beat=.142; t=2.052) and centrality(Beta=.348; t=5.031) being influential. To answer for the second research objective addressing the moderating role of cultural orientation, moderated regression anaylsis was performed and the result showed that uncertainty avoidance moderated between network range and WOM intention for both Korea and China, But for Korea, the uncertainty avoidance moderated between tie strength and WOM quality, while for China it moderated between network range and WOM intention. And innovativeness moderated between tie strength and WOM intention for Korea but it moderated between network range and WOM intention for China. As a result of analysing for third research objective, we found that for Korea, innovativeness positively influenced centrality only (Beta=.546; t=10.808), while for China it influenced both tie strength (Beta=.203; t=2.998) and centrality(Beta=.518; t=8.782). But for both countries alike, the innovativeness influenced positively on WOM (WOM intention and WOM quality). V. Implications: The study yields the two practical implications. Firstly, the result suggests that companies targeting multinational customers need to identify segments which are susceptible to the positive WOM and WOM information based on individual traits such as uncertainty avoidance and individualism and based on that, develop marketing communication strategy. Secondly, the companies need to divide the market on Roger's five innovation stages and based on this information, enforce marketing strategy which utilizes social networking tools such as public media and WOM. For instance, innovator and early adopters, if provided with new product information, will be able to capitalize upon the network advantages and thus add informational value to network operations using SNS or corporate blog.

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A Study on the Presence of Post-Miesianism and Its Future (Post-Miesianism의 실체와 미래에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Sang-Jin
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.10 no.4 s.28
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    • pp.77-92
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    • 2001
  • 현대의 건축시기는 다원성의 시기 또는 복합성의 시기라고 불리운다. 모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘의 시기를 거치며 다양한 형태적 실험의 과정을 겪었고 수많은 이데올로기와 이론들로 무장된 논쟁의 역사도 갖게 되었다. 이러한 현대건축의 다양성은 건축디자인이라는 전문직의 사회에 기여하는 역할을 반추(反芻)함과 동시에 다변하는 인간사고의 역동성을 반영하고 있다. 건축관련 책자나 저널 등에서 흔히 발견할 수 있는 Neo-Classicism, Deconstructivism, Minimalism, High-Tech, New Moderns 등등의 건축양식들은 스타일을 지칭하는 언어라기보다는 건축적 사고를 지칭하는 언어라고 할 수 있다. 결국 건축디자인이라는 작업은 인간을 둘러 싼 건조환경의 생성에서 출발하는 것이므로 건축적 사고방식은 그 시기의 사회현상과 밀접한 관계를 맺게 된다. 20세기 말부터 불어닥친 디지털 문화의 사회변혁은 전 세계를 하나의 채널로 엮게 되었고, 이러한 영향들은 지역과 민족, 그리고 종교적인 요소들까지도 혼합하여 국경을 초월한 미래의 새로운 이상들을 꿈꾸게 되었다. 19세기 산업혁명과 함께 급속히 벨라진 인류문명의 진보는 필수적으로 세계화를 동반하는 것이고, 세계화와 지역성사이의 괴리를 통해 나타나는 문화적 비판과 충돌은 아직도 진행상태인 것이다. 세계화라는 통염은 문명의 보편성을 기반으로 하며 전통문화의 파괴가 뒤따를 수밖에 없는데, 현재와 같이 IT혁명을 통해 급속도로 빨라진 세계문화의 교류는 한 국가가 뿌리를 내리고 있는 문화적 유산이라는 토양을 포기하여야 할 단계에 와 있다고 논평할 정도이다. 여기서 건축은 문화적 상징으로 작용하게 되는데, 그것이 심미적이든 관습적이든 또는, 경제적이든 건축가는 해답의 제시라는 임무에 직면하게 된다. 20세기에 진행된 모더니즘의 건축은 구조와 공간에 대한 고전건축의 숙원을 고덕건축이 이룬 것처럼 15세기 르네상스 시대로부터 진행된 형태와 공간, 기능, 그리고 아름다움과 기술(technology) 또는 경제성 등에 대한 건축적 의문과 탐구를 일단락지었다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 모더니즘의 한복판에 Mies van der Rohe라는 거장이 깊은 발자국을 남기며 한 시대를 이루었고 그가 남긴 시대정신의 이념과 가치를 Miesianism이라고 부른다. 실용성과 도덕성을 근본으로 하는 Miesianism은 대중에 호소하는 미적 표현주의를 부정하고 지역정서를 중시하는 문맥적 접근방식을 경시함으로써 보편화라는 현상을 불러일으킨 국제주의 양식의 한 부류로 비판을 받아왔다. 즉, Miesianism의 단순하고 강렬한 외형적 요소는 그것이 내포하는 기술적 합리성이나 공간적 완결성을 무시한 채 전 세계에 영향을 미쳤고 동시에 지역적 저항을 받게 되었다. 시카고 및 전 세계의 Miesian들, 즉 Mies van der Rohe의 제자들이나 그로부터 영향을 받은 수많은 건축가들은 이러한 저항과 비판에 직면하게 되며 새로운 사고의 시대적 요구 앞에 고뇌하게 된다. 한국에서는 1978년 Mies van der Rohe의 제자인 김종성이 미국에서 서울로 돌아와 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 설립하며 본격적으로 Miesianism의 규범적 건축론을 설파하기 시작하였다. 이른바 시카고 국제주의학파의 건축전수라고 할 수 있는데 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 통하여 배출된 김종성의 제자들은 명쾌하고도 간결한 건축해법의 경험을 토대름대로의 정체성을 갖고자 노력하였으나 결국 다원적 가치를 요구하는 시대적 흐름 속에 혼란을 겪고 있는 것 또한 사실이다. 본 연구는 Miesianism의 기원을 밝히고 그것의 실수와 오류를 밝힘과 동시에 현대의 여러 가지 건축유형들과 비교하여 봄으로써 Post-Miesianism의 실체와 그 미래에 대하여 고찰하여 보고자 한다. 미스의 유산이라고 할 수 있는 Miesianism의 요체는 첫째, Schinkel로부터 이어받은 시대정신의 사명감, 둘째, Berlage가 전해준 전문가로서의 도덕성을 바탕으로 하여 이루어진 기술적 합리성의 실현, 그리고 마지막으로 그 당시의 추상예술에 대한 이해로써 받아들인 nee-Suprematism의 아방 가르데적인 자세라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 이것들을 전파하고 수용하는 과정에서 미스적인 단순하고 명쾌한 외관이 더욱 강한 인상을 남기게 되었고 또한 미스가 현대성의 본질이라고 믿는 기술의 전수는 모든 외관을 동일하게 만드는 International Style로서의 보편적 획일성을 초래하였다. Mies van der Rohe의 강력하고 규범적인 dogma는 그의 제자들에게는 강렬한 카리스마로 각인되었고, Mies가 원한 것이 아닐지라도 그들을 하나의 틀 속에 가두는 영향력을 행사하였다. 2세대이든 3세대이든 기술적 합리성과 추상적 단순미라는 믿음을 맹목적으로 추종할 때 그들은 Miesian으로 남아있게 되며, 거기서 벗어났을 때 non-Miesian, 또는 배신자로 취급하기까지 하였다. 이것은 미스의 제자들에게 강한 족쇄가 되어 형태적 또는 개념적 변화의 시도를 어렵게 하였고 시대적 요구에 부응하지 못한다는 평가에 이르게 되었다. 문화의 다양성과 역동성을 인정함과 동시에 Miesianism에 대한 새롭고 시대에 적합한 해석을 기대하게 되는데, 이러한 기대 속에서 우리는 Post-Miesianism이라는 새로운 유형을 엿볼 수 있게 된다. Post-Miesianism의 징후를 현대의 다양한 건축유형에서 발견할 수 있는데, High-Tech의 구축적이고 정밀한 건축 기술적 해법과 Minimalism의 반복성을 통한 추상미의 표현 등에서 뿐만이 아니라 Post-Modernism의 인간성의 추구나 문맥적 고려, 또는 해체주의의 형이상학적이고 아방가르데적인 실험주의 정신까지조차 Post-Miesianism이 공유할 수 있는 부분이 있다고 보여진다. 또한, 미스의 영향이 2세대, 3세대의 건축가들에게 미치면서 여러 방향으로 변질되어 가는 것을 우리는 발견할 수 있으며 그러한 시대성에 적응하는 시도들이야말로 새로운 미래를 향한 Post-Miesianism의 실체인 것이다. Mies가 말하였듯이 한 시대의 끝은 그 시대가 완전히 이해되었을 때이며, 모더니즘의 숙제는 아직 해결되지 않았으므로 Miesianism의 탐구는 Post-Miesianism이라는 새로운 주제로 계속될 것이다. 이를 통하여 21세기 디지털 문명의 시대 속에서 현대건축이 안을 수밖에 없는 보편성과 지역성의 충돌이라는 문제의 해결에 한 발걸음 다가갈 수 있기를 기대하여 본다.

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The Theoretical Factors of North Korean Refugees' Willingness to Report Crime: Based on the Legal Cynicism, the Procedural Justice, and the Behavior of Law Theory (북한이탈주민의 범죄신고 의지에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 연구 - 법적 냉소주의 모형, 절차적 정당성 모형 및 법행동 모형을 중심으로 -)

  • Hong, Seongju;Kim, Juhee;Hwang, EuiGab
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.59
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    • pp.161-188
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    • 2019
  • Not much is known about the factors of North Korean refugees willingness to report crime. Based on the survey of 800 North Korean refugees living in the metropolitan area of South Korea, this study examined the theoretical factors influencing North Korean refugees' willingness of reporting crime. Focusing on the legal cynicism, procedural justice, and the behavior of law theory, this research verified that procedural justice model is most important in explaining their willingness to report crime. Variables under procedural justice model(i.e., perceived fairness of the law, confidence in the law, and perceived necessity of the law) were significant in an expected direction. On the other hand, most of the hypotheses based on social conditions derived from the five types of stratification, morphology, culture, organization, and social control presented by Donald Black (1974) showed no significant effects on the intent to report crime among North Korean refugees. Implications for research and policies were discussed based on the findings.

New Perspectives: Reconceptualization of Community Dance Based on Community of Practice Theory and Practice (무용패러다임의 진화: 실천공동체의 이론과 사례를 근거로 한 커뮤니티댄스의 재개념화)

  • Kim, Ji Young;Park, In Sil
    • 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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    • v.55 no.4
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    • pp.443-462
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to suggest an extensive and evolved conceptual model of community dance reflecting new tendencies, practice, and various values. For the purpose, efforts were made to categorize common properties based on various cases using qualitative data collection about 10 community dance specialists. The Practice of Community theory of Wenger(1991) has contributed to conceptualization including the new perspective on community dance, which has been the theoretical framework. Firstly, 'a community' as a basic premise is self-organizing, interactive, regional and creative. Secondly, 'practice' in community dance means openness, focused on participants, improvisation and nmind-body centering, value-oriented processes and connectivity with daily lives. Thirdly, 'social learning' can be interpreted within the framework of joint enterprise and domain, quality and status of dacne, and dance literacy embodied as a shared repertoire. Lastly, identity of community dance has been expanding the concept area as 'dance for all' reflecting ongoing properties and future-oriented values in that it pursues healing arts and relationship, amateurism collaborating with dance artists, combination of democratic citizenship and civic creativity, cultural diversity and social integration, and types of sustainable development.