• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 1999

Reconstruction of collision accidents is to analyze the cause of accidents and collision behavior using available information from vehicle accident circumstances. This paper introduces a collision reconstruction system which is developed to be applicable to traffic accident reconstruction. Our System combines both quantitative and qualitative collision models so as to compensate for weaknesses in each with strengths of each other. I It provides accurate predictions and causal explanations of the collision behavior. During r reverse analysis of collision. qualitative simulation is used to verify a hypothesis and to detect any conflict in early stage of reconstruction. It is implemented and applied to real car-to-car collision accidents. The test results verify the reliabilities of our techniques.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 1998

자동차 사고 재구성이란 사고 상황으로부터 가능한 모든 정보를 수집, 분석하여 사고 거동 및 원인을 규명하는 작업을 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 자동차 사고 재구성에 직접 적용이 가능하도록 개발된 범용성의 정성적 충돌 전문가 시스템의 Prototype을 소개한다. 이 시스템은 충돌 전 물체의 운동 방향과 공간에서의 정보가 주어졌을 때, 충돌로 인한 물체의 순간적인 운동을 정성적으로 예측한다. 분야 모델은 정성적 충돌 이론과 정성적 계산을 제공하는 정성적 수학의 지식 베이스로 구성된다. 충돌로 인한 물체의 운동을 해석하는 데 있어, 충돌 전 물체의 운동 방향과 충돌시의 기하학적 배치사이의 상호 작용을 분석하는 것이 그 핵심을 이루고 있다. 본 논문에서는 그 상호 작용을 밝혀 내어 정성적 표현 방식에 의거하여 해석하는 충돌 이론을 소개하였다. 추론 기관을 설계하는데 있어서는 동력학 정보뿐만 아니라 공간 정보를 추론하기 위한 기법이 제시되었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.119-130
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• 2010

Reconstruction analysis of traffic accident is done by analyzing diverse data such as the road, accident traces and damage on the automobile. Most data can be a variable in the process of analysis, and measurement error of the data occurs from the investigator, tool and the given environment. Therefore, accident analysis always has some risks of measurement uncertainty. This research quantify the uncertainty in traffic accident analysis by conducting repetitive measurement experiments for variables with high probability of uncertainly such as length (i.e. geometric structure of the road, tire marks) and coefficient of friction. This paper also suggests an analysis result for the uncertainly of photographic observation of automobile crush measurement. These statistical distributions can help determine appropriate ranges for the input data in order to estimate the accident reconstruction uncertainty.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2012

Multi-car rear-end collision accidents have three categories: sequential collision from the rear which is commonly referred to as chain reaction collision, sequential collision from the front, and mixed-order collision. This paper suggests several effective methods of reconstruction analysis for multi-car rear-end collision accidents. First, by incorporating the traditional empirical method which uses vehicle damage caused by brake dive and passenger injuries, with results of theoretical analysis made within mechanics of rigid body, it is made possible for the method to be put to immediate practical use. A methodology to precisely analyze multi-car rear-end collision accidents was suggested using a simulation program simultaneously with a video event data recorder which is starting to be widely used in domestic vehicles. To go beyond the simple intuitive analysis of the video event data recorder, the simulation analysis based on the results of video analysis was executed to acquire various information, so that the causes and responsibility could be clearly stated.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.387-408
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to analyze the mathematical tasks of length measurement in two different perspectives, the level of cognitive demands and learning trajectories, and restructure the mathematical tasks so that the students' conceptual learning is promoted and students are able to have opportunities to think more broadly. Ten lessons with the restructured mathematical tasks were implemented for a class of 2nd grade elementary students. Also a qualitative and in-depth study was conducted with 4 students of the target group. The study shows that firstly, the restructured tasks requiring high level of cognitive skills, had positive effects in increasing the students' level of thinking and reasoning. Secondly, the tasks modified according to the learning trajectories of Szilag, Clements & Sarama(2013) in length measurement, have proven to promote students' concept learning and elaborate the students' level of thinking.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.309-333
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• 2008

In this research, we reconstructed the textbook on the concept of rate and ratio, which is based on the review on the previous researches and the analysis on the elementary textbook of the 7th mathematics curriculum. We conducted the teaching experiment using the reconstructed textbook, which is to identify the students' conception of rate and ratio and the appropriateness and limit of the reconstructed textbook. As the results of this study, we identify that the changed sequence of instruction (that is, ratio ${\rightarrow}$ percent and value of rate ${\rightarrow}$ rate) was very proper to help students understand the concept of rate and ratio. The relative comparison and absolute comparison and the additive thinking and multiplicative thinking included in the reconstructed textbook were identified very helpful to students' understanding. Meanwhile some contexts given in the reconstructed textbook were identified to cause the students' cognitive confusions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2011

In order to reconstruct vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents, this paper presents a fuzzy tool to estimate accurately the impact velocity of the vehicle using parameters which could be easily collectable at the accident scene. The fuzzy rules and membership functions were set up using number of over 200 domestic and foreign data from accidents and empirical tests and 700 data from multibody simulation experiments. The developed fuzzy tool deduces the category of pedestrian trajectory and impact speed of the vehicle using 4 membership functions and 2 logic rules. The membership function of throw distance was differently set according to the deduced category of trajectories. The implemented fuzzy program was validated through comparing with the domestic and foreign empirical data. The output results agree very well in impact velocities of vehicle resulting the accuracy and usefulness of the developed tool in the reconstruction analysis of vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.591-604
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the program for convericient reconfiguration in an attempt to change maladjustmental way of thinking among female junior tennis players. For verification of the program, a qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis were carried out. Through the REBT program for convericient reconfiguration, maladjustmental way of thinking among junior tennis players was drawed and interviews with them were subsequently performed. As a result, REBT counseling technique was applied to understand personal psychological problems and to transform maladjustmental and unreasonable way of thinking into rational belief, confirming positivity toward their situation. After all, their athletic performance as well as holistic development was found to be improved. In quantitative analysis, maladaptive thinking scale sports psychology questionnaire and survey for Korean sports performance strategy were both increased post treatment, suggesting that their psychological status became positive as a result of application of psychological prevention. The results of this study showed that athletic performance would be enhanced and growth and development in personality and self-realization would be expected if various psychological problems in adolescent players were progressed in detailed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.443-446
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• 2002

A vehicle oversteered or cornering at excessive speed leaves tire yaw mark on the road surface. A yaw mark is a sign that the tire was sideslipping and exceeded its frictional limit because of centrifugal force. Problems exist with the traditional equation, “critical speed formula (CSF)”, that limits its practical use in traffic accident reconstruction. A major problem is that the equation dose not account for vehicle dynamics and interface between tire and road. The literature refers to that the accuracy of the critical speed formula varies with several factors. New equations that account for vehicle dynamics are introduced in this paper. A comparison of the accuracy of the new method and the traditional method in the calculation of speed is conducted.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.3 s.20
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• pp.139-147
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• 2004

최근 수학 창의성 개발과 관련되어 문제설정에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으나 문제설정의 기법과 지도방법에 대한 연구는 실제적인 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 문제설정의 유형과 수준을 논의함으로서 문제설정 지도에 대한 시사점을 주고자 한다. 문제설정의 유형으로는 다음과 같이 분류될 수 있다. 첫째, 문제를 구성하는 요인들을 다른 것으로 대체하여 만들 수 있는 대치적 수준의 문제설정, 둘째 유추적 사고에 의해 만들 수 있는 유추적 수준의 문제설정, 셋째는 개념이나 또는 해를 구하는 방법이나 절차를 다른 형태로 바꾸는, 즉 문제를 재구성, 재정의 및 재조직하여 문제를 만드는 재구성 수준의 문제설정, 넷째는 출판되는 논문의 주제 선정과 같은 전문가 수준의 문제설정으로 분류하였다.