• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 1996

Sasang constitution classification is very important subject, so many medical men studied the Sasang constitution classification but there is no certain method to classify objectively. And the purpose of this study is to help classifying Sasang constitution through correlation with sound spectrogram. This study was done it under the suppose that Sasang costitution hag correlation with sound spectrogram. The following results were obtained about correlation between sound spectrogram and Sasang constitution by comparison and analysis the pitch and reading speed of Sasang constitutions; 1. There was a similar tendency in the composition reading speed between taeeumin, soeumin and soyangin. 2. Taeeumin's center was lower measured more than soeumin's and soyangin's in the pitch graph and graph by normal curve fit and there was a similar tendency between soeumin and soyangin. 3. There was a similar tendency in the pitch graph's width between all constitutions. 4. There was a significant difference between taeeumin and soeum in the mean of three constitution's pitch, this means that taeeumin uses lower voice more than soeumin. According to the results, it is considered that there is a correlation between pitch of sound spectrogram and Sasang constitution. And method of Sasang constitution classification through sound spectrogram analysis can be one method as assistant for the objectification of Sasang constitution classification.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1499-1506
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• 2014

Random walk is used for describing random phenomenon in various areas but tests for random walk developed so far are known to suffer from size distortion and low power. Kim et al. (2014) proposed a sign test for unit root (${\rho}=1$) hypothesis based on slopes. This article proposes a Wilcoxon signed rank test based on slopes for unit root hypothesis, and compares it with the augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the sign test by a simulation study. Our results confirm that the nonparametric tests are better than ADF test for small samples like n = 30. The results also show that the sign test is better than the Wilcoxon signed rank test and that for 0 < ${\rho}$ < 1 (-1 < ${\rho}$ < 0), the nonparametric tests suffer from power loss (improvement) as normal error changes to double exponential error.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-237
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• 1994

A generalized likelihood ratio test is developed to detect an outlier associated with monitoring nuclear proliferation. While the classical outlier detection methods consider continuous variables only, our approach allows both continuous and discrete variables or a mixture of continuous and discrete variables to be used. In addition, our method is free of the normality assumption, which is the key assumption in most of the classical methods. The proposed test is constructed by applying the bootstrap to a generalized likelihood ratio. We investigate the performance of the test by studying the power with simulations.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.555-572
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• 2018

Noise reduction processes that reduce or eliminate noise (caused by a variety of reasons) in noise contaminated image is an important theme in image processing fields. Many studies are being conducted on noise removal processes due to the importance of distinguishing between noise added to a pure image and the unique characteristics of original images. Adaptive filter and sigma filter are typical noise reduction filters used to reduce or eliminate noise; however, their effectiveness is affected by accurate noise estimation. This study generates a distribution of noise contaminating image based on a Dirichlet normal mixture model and presents a Bayesian approach to distinguish the characteristics of an image against the noise. In particular, to distinguish the distribution of noise from the distribution of characteristics, we suggest algorithms to develop a Bayesian inference and remove noise included in an image.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.7 s.168
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• pp.575-581
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• 2006

This paper presents a systematic approach for the economical design of stormwater quality control systems. For the design of runoff quality control system (RQCS), the rainfall-runoff process requires the local rainfall data recorded continuously. In this study the rainfall probability distribution is assumed to follow an exponential decay function. Applying the exponential decay function, the normalized curves are derived to explain the non-exceedance probability distributions. The optimal curves for the determination of the RQCS size are derived based on the overflow risk. Comparison of the optimal capture volume and peak runoff rate to those computed by an urban rainfall-runoff model(ILLUDAS) demonstrates that the optimal CSOs(Combined Sewer Overflows) curves derived in this study can be utilized for the design of stormwater quality control systems in Korea avoiding an excessive computational effort based on over flow risks.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.249-264
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• 2011

A multi-Gaussian kriging approach extended to space-time domain is presented for uncertainty modeling as well as time-series mapping of environmental variables. Within a multi-Gaussian framework, normal score transformed environmental variables are first decomposed into deterministic trend and stochastic residual components. After local temporal trend models are constructed, the parameters of the models are estimated and interpolated in space. Space-time correlation structures of stationary residual components are quantified using a product-sum space-time variogram model. The ccdf is modeled at all grid locations using this space-time variogram model and space-time kriging. Finally, e-type estimates and conditional variances are computed from the ccdf models for spatial mapping and uncertainty analysis, respectively. The proposed approach is illustrated through a case of time-series Particulate Matter 10 ($PM_{10}$) concentration mapping in Incheon Metropolitan city using monthly $PM_{10}$ concentrations at 13 stations for 3 years. It is shown that the proposed approach would generate reliable time-series $PM_{10}$ concentration maps with less mean bias and better prediction capability, compared to conventional spatial-only ordinary kriging. It is also demonstrated that the conditional variances and the probability exceeding a certain thresholding value would be useful information sources for interpretation.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.333-344
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• 2001

통계적 추론에 사용되는 많은 통계량들은 평균벡터의 평활함수의 형태로 표현이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 이들 통계량들의 분포함수에 대한 안부점근사법을 제시하였다. 이 방법은 Na(1998)에서 제시된 일반적 통계량의 분포함수에 대한 안부점근사법이 평균벡터의 평활함수모형에 특히 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 보인 것이다. 이 근사법은 정규근사에 비해 근사의 정도가 뛰어나며, 특히 통계량의 꼬리부분의 확률에 대해서도 정확도가 그대로 유지되는 장점이 있어 정밀한 추론이 요구되는 많은 문제에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다. 모의 실험에 사용할 평균벡터의 평활함수 모형으로는 스튜던트화 분산을 고려하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.199-204
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 저압 증기 터빈블레이드의 안전성 확보를 위하여 작용응력 및 강도의 변동성을 고려한 확률론적 해석을 수행하였다. 정상상태에서 작용응력은 이론 및 유한요소해석에 의해서 얻을 수 있으며, 최대 von-Mises 응력은 215.4MPa이다. 회전굽힘 하중하에서의 피로한도는 응력비 R= -1에서 계단식 시험법을 이용하여 구하였으며, 이의 확률론적 특성에 가장 적합한 분포는 3 모수 와이블 분포이다. 그리고 신뢰성에 미치는 다양한 인자들의 영향은 영향계수(sensitivity factor)를 이용하여 정량적으로 평가하였다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.483-494
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• 2007

The properties of fracture system on road-cut slopes along the Busan-Ulsan express way under construction are investigated and analyzed. Fracture spacing distributions show log-normal form with extension fractures and negative exponential form with shear fractures. Straight line segments in log-log plots of cumulative fracture length indicate a power-law scaling with exponents of -1.13 in site 1, -1.01 in site 2 and -1.52 in site 3. It is likely that the stability and strength of rock mass are the lowest in site 1 as judged from the analyses of spacing, density and inter-section of fractures in three sites. In contrast, the highest efficiency of the fracture network for conducting fluid flow is seen in site 3 where the largest cluster occupies 73% through the window map. Based on the field survey data, this study modified weighting values of the RMR system using a multiple regression analysis method. The analysis result suggests a modified weighting values of the RMR parameters as follows; 18 for the intact strength of rock; 61 for RQD; 2 for spacing of discontinuities; 2 for the condition of discontinuities; and 17 for ground water.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.180-188
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• 1991

기후변화를 나타내는 연구 결과들은 기온이나 강수량을 대상으로 하여 두 기간 평균치의 비교, 5년 이동평균치의 圖示, 회귀분석 등의 방법들을 사용하여 발표되지만 대부분의 경우 밑바탕이 되는 모집단의 통계적 특성을 엄격히 검토하지 않는 정성적인 분석인 경우가 많다. 서울, 부산, 인천, 목포 등 4개 지점의 80년 동안의 연강수량과 연평균기온자료를 분석한 결과 기온은 정규분포를 나타내므로 전통적인 t-검정과 회귀분석을 적용할 수 있다. t-검정 결과 두 기간(1920 $sim$ 1949, 1961 ~ 1990)은 연평균기온에서 0.3$^{\circ}$C에서 $0.8^{\circ}$C의 의의있는 차이를 보였다. 최근 30년의 연평균기온자료를 회귀분석한 결과 1년에 $0.02^{\circ}$C의 증가경향을 나타내었다. 연강수량은 정적인 왜곡도를 보이므로 정규분포를 가정하는 母數的 통계분석을 적용해서는 안되며 비모수적 통계분석법을 적용해야 한다. 연강수량의 분석에는 t-검정에 상응하는 Mann-Whitney 검정을 적용해 본 결과 두 기간(1920 ~ 1949, 1961 ~ 1990)의 평균은 통계적으로 의의있는 차이가 없었다. 회귀분석에 상응하는 Mann's 검정과 이 연구에서 새로이 제안된 Median Slope Change Estimator를 적용해 본 결과 역시 통계적으로 의의있는 변화가 없었다. Median Slope Change Estimator는 비모수적 통계치로서 회귀분석의 기울기에 해당하는 연변화를 나타낼 수 있는데 분석하려는 자료의 정규분포성을 요구하지 않으며 異常點(outlier) 영향에 덜 민감하다는 장점이 있으므로 주목하여 연구할 만한 가치가 있다.^{\circ}$~40$^{\circ}$ 구간에서는 ${\sigma}_c$와 I$_{sa}$, 40$^{\circ}$~90$^{\circ}$ 구간에서는 ${\sigma}_c$와 I$_{sd}$가 각각 양호한 상관관계를 보여준다. 또한 상관비(K=${\sigma}_c$/I$_s$)는 약 13정도로서 일반적으로 적용되는 비, 24와 상당한 차이가 있다. 이러한 현상은 호상편마암의 구조적 및 역학적 이방성 특성으로 인한 결과라고 판단된다. 한편 맥암류에서 K가 약 23정도로서 일반적인 비 24에 상당히 접근한다. 따라서, 이방성 구조가 뚜렷한 암석에서 상관비 24는 항상 적용할 수는 없으며 일축압축강도시험과 병행 실시하여 적용하는 것이 바람직하다.다. 한편, 감작감염후 77일과 도전감염후 7일의 시점에 있어서 sRBC에 대한 면역능에 미치는 영향은 전자의 양상과 비슷하였는데 대조에 비하여 지연형 과민반응과 로제트 형성능이 현저하게 저하되었다. 이 시점에 있어서의 유충회수율은 대조가 10.5% 이었는데 비하여 8.3%이었다.e also compared for the cases of Kim et al, which again gives promising agreement.면적 306~453$\textrm{cm}^2$, 유색계의 경우 수당면적 340~453$\textrm{cm}^2$ 일 때 경제능력을 제대로 발휘할 수 있고 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 첨가구가 높은 경향이 있었다8.4%. 79.7% 그리고 80.2%였다.