• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.381-388
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of dental institutions among Chinese students in Korea in an attempt to provide some information on how to make more and better dental services accessible to them. The subjects in this study were Chinese students who were studying in eight different colleges. After a survey was conducted from April 1 to July 15, 2011, the following findings were given: 1. Concerning experiences of using domestic dental institutions, the majority of the respondents never received dental treatment in our country. The most widely used dental institutions were dental clinics, and the most common treatment they received was about dental caries. 2. As for the reason why they didn't receive dental treatment in our country, the biggest group cited the burden of medical cost and time constraints as the reasons. 3. The students who had medical insurance slightly outnumbered those who hadn't. Regarding the necessity of medical insurance, most of them considered that to be necessary, and those who had medical insurance received more dental treatment than the others who hadn't. 4. As to satisfaction with dental treatment, the students who were better at Korean expressed more satisfaction, and those who had medical insurance were better satisfied than the others who hadn't. In conclusion, the medical insurance system should be improved to let Chinese students have medical insurance compulsorily to ensure their efficient use of dental institutions, and every college should offer administrative assistance for health care.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.8 no.2 s.17
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• pp.13-38
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• 2006

Range query is one of the most important operations for spatial objects, it retrieves all spatial objects that overlap a given query region in multi-dimensional space. The DOT(DOuble Transformation) is known as an efficient indexing methods, it transforms the MBR of a spatial object into a single numeric value using a space filling curve, and stores the value in a $B^+$-tree. The DOT index is possible to be employed as a primary index for spatial objects. However, the range query processing based on the DOT index requires much overhead for spatial transformations to get the query region in the final space. Also, the detailed range query processing method for 2-dimensional spatial objects has not been studied yet in this paper, we propose an efficient multi-dimensional range query processing technique based on the DOT index. The proposed technique exploits the regularities in the moving patterns of space filling curves to divide a query region into a set of maximal sub-legions within which space filling curves traverse without interruption. Such division reduces the number of spatial transformations required to perform the range query and thus improves the performance of range query processing. A visual simulator is developed to show the evaluation method and the performance of our technique.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.14-24
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• 2010

Although the existing X-CASH card system observes the KS standard for a transportation card system, there has been an issue for interoperability between X-CASH and other public transportation system due to the partially undefined part in the standard. This issue is followed by the inconvenience of the existing X-CASH users. If the existing X-CASH card user wants to get any other public transportations which are not interoperated with X-CASH, the user would have to buy other cards. Consequently, some users have to bring more than one card with them. In addition, it is almost impossible that the existing X-CASH system operator makes the X-CASH card available for the infrastructure built by other cards operators because their technologies are too much different. The X-CASH operator must construct its own infrastructure on the same route and it would cause an unnecessary loss of expense and labor. To solve these problems, We modified the existing X-CASH system and developed the Nation-wide Interoerable X-CASH system which lets both the existing X-CASH card and Nation-wide Interoperable X-CASH card work. This developed X-CASH system consists of the purchase SAM, the purchase terminal and the settlement. And The conformity test for it was successfully authorized. Also we, KORAIL NETWORKS, have done the test-bed on this Nation-wide interoperable X-CASH system in Gwangju for six months with Telecommunications & Clearings, the HiPlusCard Corporation. This test confirmed that the Nation-wide Interoperable X-CASH system would practically work well.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.36-50
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• 2005

e-Learning has been mushrooming with wide range of learning groups from pedagogy to andragogy. Despite of increasing e-learning opportunities, many people doubt whether e-learning learners really learn something. The related research papers emphasized that e-Learning would be a failure in terms of understanding of e-learners and intuitive learning activities for activating learner's long-term memory span. The current learning strategies in e-Learning may be based on the traditional classroom, and this results in boring and ineffective learning outcomes. This paper analyzed that how learners have received e-Learning for the last few years from the research and explained what could be the failing aspects of e-Learning. To be successful, e-Learning should consider the e-Learner's individualized teaming style and thinking patterns. When considering of various e-Learning components, the quality of e-learning should not be focused on any specific single factor, but develop every individual factor to the high level of quality. In conclusion, this paper suggest that we need new understand of e-Learning and e-Learner. Also the e-Learning strategies should be examined throughly whether they are on the side of learners and realized how they learn from e-Learning. Finally, we should add enormous imagination into e-Learning for next generation because their teaming patterns significantly differ from their parent's generation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.316-324
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• 2005

e-Learning has been mushrooming with wide range of teaming groups from pedagogy to andragogy As e-teaming opportunities increase, many people raise question about whether e-teaming show positive teaming effects. The related research emphasized that e-learning would be a failure in terms of understanding of e-Learners and activating intuitive teaming activities from learner's long-term memory span. The e-teaming strategies based on the traditional classroom and resulted boring and ineffective teaming outcomes, should be changed to provide authentic and effective teaming results. This paper analyzed that how learners have received e-Learning for the last few years from the research and explained what could be the failing aspects in e-Learning. To be successful, e-loaming should consider the e-learner's individualized teaming style and thinking patterns. When considering of various e-Learning components, the quality of e-teaming should not be focused on any specific single factor, but develop every individual factor to be integrated into high level of quality. In conclusion, this paper suggest that it is needed new understandings of e-Loaming and e-Learner. Also the e-Learning strategies should be examined throughly whether they are on the side of learners and realized how they learn from e-Learning. Finally, we should add enormous imagination into e-loaming for next generation because new generation's teaming patterns significantly differ from their parent's generation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.479-485
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• 2010

To handle container effectively is one of the most important factors in a port because working time is linked soon into cost. Since the middle of 1990s, RMGC(Rail-Mounted Gantry Crane) and RTGC(Rubber-Tired Gantry Crane) have been developed and widely used to operate containers in the yard. The RTGC is more difficult than RMGC in the automatic control system design. Although, the RTGC is largely advantaged to free driving environment, it has some considerable disadvantages in the system operating. In general, the problems are due to tire slip and lack of tire pressure etc. Therefore, a desirable research result has not been shown in this time. So, in this paper, we propose a new approach to design tracking control system for the RTGC in which the mathematical modeling is included. From the simulation results, the control performance of the designed control systems is evaluated.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.12D no.1 s.97
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• pp.165-178
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• 2005

A product classification scheme is the foundation on which product databases are designed, and plays a central role in almost all aspects of management and use of product information. It needs to meet diverse user views to support efficient and convenient use of product information. It needs to be changed and evolved very often without breaking consistency in the cases of introduction of new products, extinction of existing products, class reorganization, and class specialization. It also needs to be merged and mapped with other classification schemes without information loss when B2B transactions occur. For these requirements, a classification scheme should be so dynamic that it takes in them within right time and cost. The existing classification schemes widely used today such as UNSPSC and eCl@ss, however, have a lot of limitations to meet these requirements for dynamic features of classification. Product information implies a plenty of semantics such as class attributes like material, time, place, etc., and integrity constraints. In this Paper, we analyze the dynamic features of product databases and the limitation of existing code based classification schemes, and describe the semantic classification model proposed in [1], which satisfies the requirements for dynamic features of product databases. It provides a means to explicitly and formally express more semantics for product classes and organizes class relationships into a graph.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2020

Recently, free-formed construction technology is becoming a new measure of representing technological superiority and sociocultural ingenuity. However, the CNC processing technology utilizing the existing wood and iron form has limitations in terms of the manufacturing time and material cost. Therefore, in this study, the method and process of manufacturing free-formed EPS form using S-LOM-based 3D printing technology were suggested. Furthermore, through the mock-up test, a comparative analysis of the manufacturing time and precision with CNC milling technology was conducted. The results show that S-LOM-based 3D printing technology has reduced manufacturing time about 57.4% compared to CNC milling technology during the free-formed EPS form manufacturing process. In addition, compared to the design drawings, the maximum error value was 20.5mm, proving the applicability of S-LOM-based 3D printing technology. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the improvement of S-LOM method and the activation of S-LOM method by verifying the applicability of S-LOM-based 3D printing technology.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.180-192
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• 2002

We investigate the effect of the data skew of join attributes on the performance of a pipelined multi-way hash join method, and propose two new harsh join methods in the shared-nothing multiprocessor environment. The first proposed method allocates buckets statically by round-robin fashion, and the second one allocates buckets dynamically via a frequency distribution. Using harsh-based joins, multiple joins can be pipelined to that the early results from a join, before the whole join is completed, are sent to the next join processing without staying in disks. Shared nothing multiprocessor architecture is known to be more scalable to support very large databases. However, this hardware structure is very sensitive to the data skew. Unless the pipelining execution of multiple hash joins includes some dynamic load balancing mechanism, the skew effect can severely deteriorate the system performance. In this parer, we derive an execution model of the pipeline segment and a cost model, and develop a simulator for the study. As shown by our simulation with a wide range of parameters, join selectivities and sizes of relations deteriorate the system performance as the degree of data skew is larger. But the proposed method using a large number of buckets and a tuning technique can offer substantial robustness against a wide range of skew conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-65
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• 2012

While fishery has been continuously suffering from deteriorating economic feasibility, the amount of the deposited marine litter has been increasing due to an increased number of marine leisure tourists which are caused by an improved quality of life and five-day work week. In addition, the fishery area has been reduced by the reclamation projects and it is being destroyed by marine pollution with a variety of contaminants coming from land and sea. To protect and improve fisheries in these poor conditions, Korean governments have implemented the submerged marine litter collection projects. However, previous research results on the marine environment and resources indicate that it requires a lot of time investment to achieve tangible results of such improvement. The 300 billion won marine environment and resource investigation project has been executed since July 2004 by Korean governments, which demands strategic approaches to obtain more effective and satisfactory results before the project expires in 2013. Ocean environment research institutes and governments need to cooperate each other to gain efficient and reasonable achievement by identifying and linking related projects. This study suggests that the marine environment and resources investigation projects should run parallel with the submerged marine litter collection projects on mutually agreed research items in the identical area of the ocean to obtain cost-effective improvement of marine environment and fishery conditions.