• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.267-274
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parenting attitude and child development. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to parents and children who visited child development centers and child-related welfare institutions located in Seoul and the Seoul metropolitan area. Total 230 pieces of survey papers were prepared, and 183 of them - except for 47 copies which were judged to be unreliable were used for the test analysis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 18.0 and descriptive statistical analysis was performed to analyze general characteristics of the subjects. In order to analyze the parenting attitude and developmental relationship of the children, the regression analysis was performed. Parents' parenting attitude - especially pressure and excessive expectation were found to have an effect on self-ridicule behaviors of children, and supervision and excessive expectation were found in small muscle exercise. Achievement pressure and excessive expectation were also the main variables in expression language and language understanding. Achievement pressure, director and excessive expectation were found to have effects on children's cognitive development.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 1989

이 연구의 목적은 전통적으로 남성 주도적인 전문직 진출을 희망하는 여대생(이 연구에서는 법률가 및 의사직, 이하 비 전통적인 여성이라 부름)과 전통적으로 여성 주도적인 전문직 진출을 준비중인 여대생 (이 연구에서는 교사 및 간호사직, 이하 전통적으로 여성 이라 부름)을 구분 할수 있는 개인의 성격 및 가족환경의 특성을 검토하는 것이었다. 남성 주도적인 전문직에 진출을 준비하거나 그 분야에 종사하는 여성들의 특성에 대한 연구가 많이 발표되었으나 그 특징들의 중요성이 상대적으로 얼마나 비중이 있는지는 연구되어 있지 않다. 발단론적 환경이론(Developmental-Contextualism)과 직업 발달에 대한 역동적 상호관계 모델(Dynamic Interaction Model)이 본 연구의 이론적 체계를 이루고 있다. 이 연구에 포함성의 위치, 심리적 남성특성, 출신가정의 사회경제수준, 그리고 부모의 뒷받침과 이해였다. ANOVA 결과에 의하면 비전통적인 여성들이 자아존중감, 학교성적 성취도, 내적 통제성, 심리적 남성특성, 그리고 출신가정의 사회경제수준 면에서 전통적인 여성에 비해 훨씬 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 단계적 분별 분석 (Stepwise Discriminant Analysis) 결과에 따르면, 심리적 남성 특성, 내적 통제성, 학교성적 성취도, 그리고 출신가정의 사회경제수준이 위 두집단의 여성들을 분별하는 가장 뛰어난 특성들이었으며 전체 표본의 76.99%가 이 요인들에 의해 정확하게 분류되었다. 이 연구의 결과를 토대로 볼 때, 역동적 상호관계모델은 여성의 직업발달을 연구하는데 있어서 이론정립과 검사에 유효한 도구로 보이며, 이 연구에 포함한 변수들은 비 전통적인 여성들의 특성을 정확하게 묘사하는데 상당한 공헌을 하고 있었다. 마지막으로, 비전통적인 여성들의 직업발달을 연구하는데 있어서 "능력특성군(Competency-related traits)"의 변수들을 좀 더 정확하게 분류할 필요가 있으며, 이 변수들과 여성의 직업발달의 관계를 자세히 연구할 필요가 있다고 본다.요가 있다고 본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2009

중학교 식생활 단원 교육은 신체적 성장이 왕성한 청소년기에 접어진 학생들이 올바른 식생활을 하여 건강 유지 및 정상적인 성장발달을 하는데에 꼭 필요한 내용이다. 그리하여 본 연구에서는 학생들이 식생활단원 교육을 통해 교육내용의 활용정도나 전반적인 식생활 태도에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 대전지역에 소재하는 4개 중학교 3학년 학생을 대상으로 2008년 12월 5일~16일까지 설문지조사를 실시하였다. 조사대상자의 성별은 여학생이 48.9%, 남학생이 51.1%이고 학생들의 부모의 연령은 40-49세가 각각 81.4%, 86.7%를 차지하고 부모의 직업에서 아버지는 사무직(34.4%)이 가장 많고 어머니는 가정주부가 44.5%로 가장 많았다. 부모의 학력은 대부분 고졸이상이며 가족형태는 핵가족이 90.5%이고 부모의 한 달 총수입은 500만 원 이상이 32.6%로 가장 많았다. 식생활단원 교육 후에 식생활에 대한 관심정도는 '관심이 생긴 편이다'(36.4%), '그저 그렇다'(33.8%)가 많았고 남 여 학생의 경향이 비슷하였다. 교육 후 가장 변화된 점은 '간단한 조리를 할 수 있게 되었다' 가 38.6%로 가장 높은 반면 '아무 변화가 없다'도 34.4%나 되었다. 식생활 태도에서는 5점 likert 점수에서 '식사시간이 규칙적이다'(3.36), '골고루 섭취한다'(3.39), '식사준비를 돕는다'(3.07)에서 보통 이상의 점수로 양호한데, 한편 '내가 먹은 음식의 영양분과 열량에 관해 알고 있다'가 2.57로 잘 모르는 편이고 '다이어트 보조음식이나 약을 먹는다'가 1.48로 그렇지 않은 편이었다. 식생활단원의 활용도에서는 5점 likert 점수에서 '성분과 유통기한을 확인한다'(3.93), '간단한 음식을 직접 만들 수 있다'(3.80)가 높은 점수이었고, 남학생이 여학생보다 '성분과 유통기한 확인한다'(P<.01), '조리기구는 안전하고 위생적으로 사용할 수 있다'(P<.05)에서 유의적으로 높았다. 이 활용도에 대한 학생들의 가정환경과의 상관성에서는 부모의 학력이 고졸 이상에서 중졸이하보다 유의적으로 높았고(P<.001), 부모의 직업의 경우, 아버지가 무직인 경우, 어머니가 가정주부인 경우에 직업을 가진 부모의 학생들에 비하여 유의적으로 활용도가 낮았다(P<.01). 부모의 한 달 총수입과의 상관성에서는 400~500만원 미만의 경우에 다른수준보다 유의적으로 활용도가 높았다(P<.05). 따라서 식생활단원 교육에 의해 변화가 없는 학생들도 상당히 많아 교육방법의 개선이 필요하며 그 활용도가 가정환경과 상관성이 있음을 파악할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.64-75
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to verify reliability and validity of SDLRS instrument and to prove up possibility of usage as an evaluation method for evaluating life-long learning. Literature review and survey were used to accomplish objectives of the study. 218 students in department of mechanical engineering of A university at Gyunggi province were responded for SDLRS(Guglielmino, 1977) instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA test. 58 items in original version instrument were converted to 23 items. There were 7 factors for assessing the self-directed learning readiness according to this measurement scale with a total variance of about 58%. The total reliability of the final 23 items was $\alpha$. The final 7 factors consisted of love for learning, openness for learning, self-perception, basic learning function and independence, acceptance of responsibility for learning, leadership and future directivity, and creativity and exploration. The result of SDLRS analysis according to individual background, there were significant statistically in the grade, period of employment in industry, entering graduate school or not, and GPA, but no significant statistically in sexual difference, employment in industry or not, final academic level of parent, and income level of the family. In the future, final instrument will be needed to check in the respect of correlation with another ability and skill influencing on life-long learning, and more study will be done for developing life-long learning.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.339-351
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• 2021

This study was designed to classify the parents' and their children's perception of contact frequency and to examine differences between career development competency and academic outcomes according to perceptional differences. Data of elementary school to high school students from the School Career Education Survey (2018) were used, and latent profile analysis (LPA) was utilized to explore the parents' and their children's perception of contact frequency. The perception of parents' and their children's contact frequency was classified into six groups in elementary and middle school and seven groups in high school. Career development competency (self-understanding and social competence, job understanding, career exploration, and career design and reparation) and academic outcomes (autonomous learning, motivation, and self-directed learning) of classified groups related to contact frequency significantly differed. In general, groups who reported a higher perception of contact frequency by children than parents showed higher vocational identity and better academic outcomes. This result implies that perceived contact frequency between parents and children can differ by school level, and its differences can be related to career development competency and academic outcomes of adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.183-195
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate dietary behavior patterns of high school students. As for regularity of meal, female students were significantly more regular than those of the male students in a day. They answered 'between 4th and 6th grades in elementary school' as 'the time for formation about number of meal intake'. As for a highly influential meal, males were higher answered 'lunch (41.0%)' while females were higher answered 'breakfast (39.8%)'. About 'number of meals per day by the grade', they ate 3 times per day mostly. As for the time for formation about number of meal intake: 'before 4th to 6th in elementary school'> 'before elementary school'. In the result of regularity of meal and general characteristics, a family of 5 was higher in regularity and those with pocket money showed lower regularity in meal. As for the person who prepares a meal, mothers prepared meals regularly. Also, higher parents age and education level resulted in more regularity in meals. In number of meals per day and general characteristics, they were eating 3 times; moreover, this trend was evident as parents' age and education level and the household income was higher. Students answered generally regularity in meal in family where parents' jobs were administrative assistant (father job (56.9%)) and housewife (mother (56.9%). In the formation time of meal intake number and general characteristics, they answered order 'middle school'> 'before elementary school'. A highly influential meal, they answered as the highest 'lunch' (37.6%). This study may provide information on dietary behavior of high school students, suggesting that nutrition education or counseling can improve food habits and develop positive behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.39-53
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• 2005

The present study tested a multivariate model of direct and indirect influences of family Socioeconomic Status (SES) on children's early reading skills at kindergarten entry. The data used here are from one of the largest national databases in the USA, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten cohort (ECLS-K). Utilizing structural equation modeling, the results revealed that a number of factors within parental characteristics, home practices, and SES come together to influence children's early reading skills. SES operated primarily indirectly through home literacy activities and also directly in influencing reading. In addition, parental beliefs about kindergarten readiness mediated the relation between SES and home literacy activities. Thus, SES influenced early reading directly and indirectly, through home literacy activities, and simultaneously, through parental beliefs, which in turn, were associated with home literacy activities that were directly associated with children's reading. The findings emphasized the multiple pathways through which SES is associated with children's reading and the need to search for other mediators of SES influence.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.671-681
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• 2002

The idea that parental involvement has a positive influence on gifted children is so intuitively appearing that society in general. and educators in particular, have considered parental involvement as the remedy for many problems in education. However the vast proportion of the literatures in this area give results qualitatively. Among the empirical studies that have investigated this issue quantitatively, there appear to be considerable inconsistencies. A meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the quantitative literatures about the relationship between parental involvement and gifted development. The findings reveal a moderate relationship between parental involvement and gifted development. We focused on the effect between parental involvement and gifted development, and conducted meta-analysis involving correlation coefficients between the two constructs. Using correlation coefficients, We can get the effect size, and explain the influence. We initially identified 539 articles over twelve-year period. Based on abstracts of these 539 articles, 463 studies were used for analyzing the current stream of the study. Finally, 15 studies met our inclusion criteria, and were subsequently used in this meta-analysis. From the 15 studies, 37 variables influenced on gifted development were collected. Using meta-analysis, it is revealed that internal effects for gifted development have stronger relationship than parents' socioeconomic status. In addition, the differences between female and male student have been reducing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.453-462
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate whether the parental sodium intake and the sodium intake of adolescents are consistent with each other, to identify factors affecting sodium intake of adolescent children, and to measure sodium intake at home. For this study, 405 subjects in the National Health and Nutrition Survey of 2015 whose sodium intake was measured among nutritional intake were selected, excluding elementary school students, middle school students and high school students aged 7 to 18 years. The data were then matched with the father ID and the mother ID in the youth ID. The results of this study were as follows: ${\beta}=-0.187$ for male adolescents, ${\beta}=0.192$ for older adolescents, ${\beta}=0.153$ for higher adolescents, and sodium intake for adolescents. This is because the mother usually prepares meals in Korea. On the other hand, it is predicted that parents will not be able to consider the quality of their children due to the increased number of dual-income couples.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.161-193
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate pre-parenthood education program(PPEP) based on Home Economics(HE) subject for high school students. The development and evaluation of PPEP based on HE subject in this study followed ADDIE model except implementation through 4 processes such as analysis, design, development, and evaluation. First, program development directions were set in three aspects such as 'general development', 'contents', and 'teaching and learning methods'. Themes of the program are 11 in total such as '1. Parenting, what is being a parent', '2. Choosing your spouse, happy marital relationship, the best gift to your children', '3. Pregnancy and birth, a moving meeting with a new life', '4. Taking care of a new born infant for 24 hours', '5. Taking care of infants, relationship with my lovely baby, attachment', '6. Taking care of young children, my child from another planet', '7. Parents and children in healthy family', '8. Parent-child relationship, wise parents to make effective interaction with their children', '9. Parents safety manager at home,', '10. Practice to take care of infants', and '11. Practice of community nurturing support service development'. In particular, learning activities of the program have major characteristics such as 1) utilization of cases including practice problems related to parenting, 2) community exchange activities utilizing learned knowledge and techniques, 3) actual life project activities utilizing learning contents related with parenting, 4) activities inducing positive changes in current life of high school students, and 5) practice activities for the necessities of life such as food, clothing and shelter supporting development of children. Second, the program was developed according to the design. Teaching-learning plans and materials for 17 classes were developed according to 11 themes. The developed plans include class flow and teacher's reference. It starts with receiving a class-related message from a virtual child at the introduction stage and ended with replying to the message by summarizing contents of the class and making a promise as a parent-to-be. That is the basic frame of class flow. Learning materials included various plans and reports necessary for learning activities and they are prepared in details so that they can be play the role of textbooks in regular curriculum. Third, evaluation of developed program was executed by a 5 point Likert scale survey on 13 HE experts on two aspects of program development process and program development results. In the evaluation of development process, mean value was 4.61 and index of content validity was 97.4%. For development results, mean value was 4.37 and index of content validity was 86.9%. These values showed that validity in the development process and results in this study was highly secured and confirmed that PPEP based on HE was appropriate and valid to enhance parent qualifications of high school learners.